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23  WFST  MAIN  STREET 

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CIHM/ICMH 

Microfiche 

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CIHM/ICMH 
Collection  de 
microfiches. 


Canadian  Institute  for  Historical  Microreproductions  /  Institut  Canadian  de  microreproductions  historlques 


«• 


Techniqal  and  Bibliographic  Notas/Notes  tachniquas  at  bibliographiquaa 


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tha  usual  mathod  of  filming,  ara  chackad  balow. 


n 


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D 


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gAnArositA  de: 

Douglas  Library 
Queen's  University 

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conformity  avec  les  conditions  du  contrat  de 
filmage. 

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derniire  page  qui  comporte  une  empreinte 
d'impression  ou  d'illustration,  soit  par  le  second 
plat,  selon  le  cas.  Tous  les  autres  exemplaires 
origlnaux  sont  fiim^s  en  commengant  par  la 
premlAre  page  qui  comporte  une  empreinte 
d'impression  ou  d'illustration  et  en  terminant  par 
la  derniAre  page  qui  comporte  une  telle 
empreinte. 

Un  des  symboles  suivants  apparaltra  sur  la 
dernidre  image  de  cheque  microfiche,  selon  le 
cas:  le  symbols  —►  signifie  "A  SUIVRE",  le 
symbols  V  signifie  "FIN". 

Les  cartes,  planches,  tableaux,  etc.,  peuvent  dtre 
filmAs  A  des  taux  de  reduction  diff^rents. 
Lorsque  le  document  est  trop  grand  pour  Stre 
reproduit  en  un  seul  clichii.  il  est  film«  d  partir 
de  I'angle  sup6rieur  gauche,  de  gauche  d  droite, 
et  de  haut  en  bas,  en  prenant  le  nombre 
d'images  n6cessaire.  Les  diagrammes  suivants 
illustrent  la  mithode. 


1 

2 

3 

1 

2 

3 

4 

5 

6 

■"■'■"^'wmsmiiiii^^. 


Oftht 
the 

by  1 


or    THE 


ENEMY, 


SZP08BB    IV   A 


REPORT 

Of  the  Commute*  of  the  House  aT  d^^ 
the  United  Statcs/apSe^  1  *^^P''?»«°^^^^ 

JpiHtanam«,nerUiffifhe^.^2r?^         ^^^^  i 
%  the  enemy,  ^'^^  ^^'^  ^«  been  waged 


AND    TH« 


BOCUMJBSNTS, 

ACCOMPAIIYINO  SAID  REPORT. 


;  ,^ 


s«:< 


PRINTKn   AT    WORCRSTIR, 

By  ISAAC  STURTEVANT, 
For  Remark  Du,rNEi.L. 


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P«WWPf^ 


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fe»V--. 


J:. 


LV' 


U>;-  t      «  #      ^ 


■«»■■ 


W^-.tv 


«    • 


A  .    » 


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:i. 


BARBASITIES  OF  THE  ENEMY. 


A  committee  having  been  raised  on  this  subject  in  the 
House  of  Representatives  of  the  United  Slates  early  in 
the  session  of  May,  1813,  Mr.  Macon,  the  chairman,  at' 
the  close  of  the  session  made  the  following  Report : 

The  committee  to  ivhom  was  refen*ed  that  part 
of  the  President's  Message  ^^  which  relates 
to  the  spirit  and  manner  in  which  the  war 
has  been  washed  by  the  enemy* " 

REPORT:  ^ 

That^  they  have  ccUected  and  arranged  all 
the  testimony  on  this  subject  whrch  could  at 
this  time  be  procuped.  This  testimony  is  sub- 
mitted  to  the  consideration  of  the  House,  ar- 
ranged under  the  following  heads  : 

First..  Bad  treatment  of  American  prison- 
ers:. 

Second.  Detention  of  American  prisoners 
as  British  subjects,  on  the  plea  ot  nativity  in 
the  dominions  of  Britain,  or  of  naturalization : 

Third.  Detention  of  mariners  a^  prisoners 
of  war,,  who  were  in  England  when  the  war 
was  declared : 

Fourth.  Compulsory  service  of  impressed' 
American  seamen  on  board  British  ships  of 
war:  * 

Fifth.  Violation  of  flags  of  tnice  : 

T«f:!.^^^*3?"^^"^  P?  American  prisoners  from 
•ui-Ciianss  in  the  British  service  :, 


■*■■■■  -d   *  '4"  i' 


*  rjIport. 

Seventh.  PiUage  and  d^toietion  of  private 
property  on  the  Chesapcakebly,  tm^  i%  the 
neighboring  couritry : 

Eighth.  Massacre  ana  hurning  of  American 
prisoners  surrendered  to  officefs  of  Great  Brit- 
ain, by  Indians  in  the  British  service. — Aban- 
donment of  the  remains  of  Americans  killed^^ 
in  battle  or  murdered  after  the  surrender  to- 
the  British.      The  pillage    and  shooting  of 
American  citizens,  and,  tl^e  burning  of  their  ' 
houses  after  surrender  t6  the  British  under  the- 
guarantee  of  protection  : - 
.      Ninth.  Outrages  at  Hampton,  in  Virgihial 
^     The  evidence  under  the  first  head  demon - 
[1  strcitcs  that  the  British  government  has  adopt- 

ed a  rigor  of  regulation  unfriendly  to  the  com- 
fort and  apparently  unnecessary  to  the  safe 
Ifeepiitg  of  American  prisoifi^rs  generally.  It 
shew^'albo  instances  of  a  departure  ffbnl  the 
customary  rules  of  war  by  the  selection  and 
cbnfinement  in  close  prisons  of  particular  per- 
sons,  and  the  transportation  of  them  for  un- 
defined causes  from  the  ports  of  the  BritisI* 
colonies  to  the  island  of  Great  Britain^ 

The  evidence  under  the  second  head  estab- 
lishes the  fact,  that  however  the  practice  of 
detaining  American  citizens  as  British  sub- 
jects may  be  regarded  as  to  the  principle  it  in- 
volves, that  su^h,  detentions  continue  to  occur,, 
through  the  agency  of  the  naval  and  other 
commanders  of  that  government.  It  proves,; 
too,  that  however  unwilling  to  allow  other  na- 
tions to  naturalize  her  subjects,.  Great  Britain 
is„disj)osedto  enforce  the  obligation  entered: 


mmm 


^  by  tb^ir  €Mzens  when  naturalized  un- 
der Tie^^own  laws.  This  practice,  even  sup- 
posing the  release  of  every  person  thus  de« 
tained,  obviously  subjects  our  captured  citi- 
zens, upon  mere  suspicion,  to  liardships  and 
perils  from  which  they  ought  to  be  exempt, 
according  to  the  established  rules  in  relation  to 
prisoners  of  war.  i^ 

The  evidence  under  the  third  head  shcw^;  ^ 
that  while  all  other  American  citizens  were 
permitted  to  depart  within  a  reasonable  time 
after  the  declaration  of  vrar,  all  mariners  who 
were  in  the  dominions  o^Crreat  Britain,  wheth- 
er they  resorted  to  her  plorts  in  time  of  peace 
for  lawful  purposes,  or  were  forced  into  theni 
und^r  pretence  of  illegal  •  commerce,  are  con- 
sidered prisoners  of  war..  The  injustice  of 
this  exception  h  not  more  apparent  than  th? 
jealousy  it  discloses  towards  that  useful  clasi 
of  our  Mhw  citizens.^  But  the  committee 
cannot  but  remark^  that  if  the  practice  of 
hiring  American  seamen  to  navigate  British 
vessels  is  generally  adopted  and  authorised, 
and  that  it  is  suffered  appears^  from  the  adver- 
tisement of  Georgg  Maude,  the  British  agent 
at  Port  Hoyalj  which  is  to  be  found  with^'thc 
testimony  collected  under  the  first  head,  that 
the  naval  strength  of  that  empire  will  be  in- 
creased in  proportion  t6  the  number  of  our 
seamen  in  bondage.  The  present  war  hav- 
ing changed  the  relation  of'ths  two  counties, 
the  pretended  right  of  impressment  can  no 
longer  be  exercised,  but  the  same  end  may 
fee  accomplished  by  the  substitution  of  this 


ft 


inode.     Every  seaman  tW^^enmlcrtred 
terms  of  whose  engogeme.-rt  have  rtftt  txten 
ascertained)  mcreases  the  naval  strciiRth  of 
sl^f«  n7v  ''''l^y  by  depriving  the  dnited 

Oreat  Bnta.n  to  carry  on  and  even  exten! 
her  commerce  without  diminishing  the  num. 
bei^of  sailors  employed  in  her    vesseb   o£ 

The  testimony  collected  under  the  fourtfe 

theoftcers  of  Bntisli  armed  vessels  to  force 
impressed  Americans  to  serve  against  their 
coumry  by  tlireats,  by  corporal  p««ishm£nt, 
•and  even  by  the  fear  of  immediate  execution 
--an  mstructmg  commentary  upon  the  pro- 
fessions of  the  government,  of  its  readines» 
to  release  impressed  American  seamen  found; 
on  board  ships  of  war. 

On  tlic  evidence  collected  umfer  the  fiftit 
head,  rt  is  only  necessary  to  observe,  that  in 
one  case,  the  case  of  Dr.  M'Keehan,  tlie  en- 
ormity js  increased  by  the  circumstance  of 
the  flag  being  divested  of  every  thing  of  a 
hostile  character,  liaving  solely  for  its  object 
the  relief  of  tlie  wounded  and  suflferinff  pris, 
oners  who  were  taken  at  tjie  River  RaisiJ,  on 

n     A^^.^^u""'"^'   ^^^3-    The  ti^atment  of 
Ur.  M  Keehan,  not  by  the  allies  of  Britain,  ' 
but  by  the  officers  of  her  army,  can  only  be 
rationally  accounted  for  oy  the  suppt,sition, 
that  It  was  considered  gootl  policy  to  deter 
American  surgeons  fromgoing  to  the  relief. 
Ci  iHLir  countryracn,  as  the  Indian  surgeons-  ^ 


I 


RBP9ti:. 


Wa  morp  spewlj^nd  c&ctual  mode  of  rc- 
Jicyrng  their  saffenngs. 

The  evidence  respceting  the  ransom  of  A- 
merican  jjnspnera  from  Indians,  coUeoted  un- 
der the  sixth  head  tleserves  attention,  princi- 
pally  from  the  policy  it  indicates,  and  it  fs  con- 
nected  with  Indjaa  cruelties.     Considcrinff  the 
savages  aa  an  auxiliary  military  force  ia  the 
pay  of  Great  Britain,  the  amount  of  ransom 
may  be  regarded  as  part  ©f  their  stipulated 
compensatMa  fw  military  services  s  and  as 
ransoms  would  be  increased  and  their,  value 
enhanced  by  the_  terror  inspired  by  the  most 
shocking  barbarities,,  k  may  be  safely  coij- 
«lud^,    whatever    may   be  the  intention  of 
tfie  iJribsh  goveroment,  diat  the  practice  of 
redeeming  captives  by  pecuniary  means  will 
be  occasionally  quickened  by  tfce  butchery  of 
our  fdiow  citizens^  and  by  indignities  offered 
to  their  remains ;  as  long  as  the  Indians  are 
emptoyed  by  tlw  enemy.    The  justice  of  this 
conclusion  is  confirmed  by  the  testinwny  o£ 
tnoae  witnesses  who  were  retained  after  ran- 
soming prisoners  «f  >jfar. 

The  testimony  collected  undee  the  seventh 
W  sh«vs.jhat.  the  Foperty  of  unaraicd  cit- 
^Z  ^^^  P^^Sed  by  the  officers  and 
crews  of  the  &,t«h  vessels  of  war  on  our 
kT'  ^^"^bvamt,  and  places  of  pub- 
hck  wrship  mutilated  and  defiled..    It  ap™ 

Stfl^'?'.''"""^'"^  ^y  *<=  P'-escnceT^ 

tTl.P°^^"".''   P^'Jc«l%    distinguished 
tnemselves  in  th^c**  «vr^i^:*^      t.!..'    _°., 

proves,  that  tbcy  were  governed  by  the  cora^- 


^■■■■■i 


Rfi] 


bined  motives  of  avaricr  and  j^renge  |j,««, 
satisfied  with  bearing  off,  for  tlicir  owrtc^ 
venience,  the  vahiahic  articles  found,  the  oth- 
ers  which  furnished  no  allurements  to  their 
cupidity^  were  wantonly  defaced  and  destroyed. 
It  has  been  allcdged,  in  palliation^  of  these 
acts  of  wanton  cruelty,  that  a  flag  sent  on 
shorc  by  the  admiral  was  fired  upon  by  the 
American  militia.— The  evidence  proves  this 
not  to  have  been  the  fact — This  pretence 
has  been  resorted  to  only  to  excuse  conduct 
which  no  circumstance  can  justify.. 

The  committee  forbear  to  make  any  obscn- 
vations  upon  the  tcbdmony  collected  un- 
der the  eighth  he?\d  from  a  perfect  conviction 
that  no  person  of  this  or  any  other  nation  can 
read  the  simple  narrative  of  the  different  wit- 
nesses of  the  grossist  violation'  of  honour, 
justice  and  humanity,  without  the  strongest 
emodons  of  indignation  and  hon-or.  That 
these  outrages  were  perpetrated  by  Indians,  is 
neither  palliadon  nor  exxjuse.  Every  civilized 
nation  is  answerable  for  the  conduct  of  the 
allies  under  their  command,  and  while  they 
partake  of  the  advantages  of  their  success, 
they  are  equally  partakers  of  the  odium  of  their 
crimes. — The  British  forces  concerned  in  the 
affair  of  the  22d,  at  the  River  Raisin,  are  more 
deeply  implicated  in.  the  infamy  of  these  trans, 
actions  than  by  this  mode  of  reasoning,,  how^ 
ever  correct.  The  massacre  of  the  23d  Janu- 
ary,  after  the  capitulation,  was  perpetrated 
without  any  exertion  on  their  part  to  prevent 
it ;  indeed,  it  Is  apparent,  from  all  the  cir>  ^ 


RIPOHT.  fr 

c^sfances,  ttutt  »««he  British   officers  did 
*r'<!Mmive  at^their  destruction,  thev  were 
crimmail>   indiffertnt   about'  the  fate' of  die 
wounded  prisoners.     But  what  marics  more 
htrongly  the  degradation  of  die  British  soldiers, 
IS  the  rcftiMl  of  ^the  last  offices  of  humanity 
to  the  bodies  of  the  dead.     'ITic  bodies  of 
our  counttymen  were  exposcfd  to  every  in- 
iiignhy  and  became  food  foi^  brutes  in  the 
sight  of  men  who  affect  a  sacred' regard  to  the 
dictates  of  honour  and  religion,    fow  indeed 
IS  the  character  of  that  army  which  is  re- 
duced to  the   confession,    that  their  savage 
auxiliaries  wiU  not  permit  them  to  perform 
the  rjtes^  of  sepulture  to  the  slain.     The  eoifl. 
mittee  have  not  been  able  to  discover  even^ 
the  expression  of  that  detestation  which  sUch 
conduct  must  inspire  from  the  military  or 
civil  authority  on  the  Canadian  frontier,  ufii 
Jess  such  detestation  is  to  be  presumed  from 
the  choice  of  aii  Indian  trophy  as  an  ornament 
for  the  Legislative  Hall  of  bier  Canada. 

Ihe  Committee  have  considered    it  their 
duty  to  submit  the  evidence  collected  undef 
the  nmth  head  of  the  atrocities  committed  at 
Hampton,    although   these   enormities  have 
been    committed    since    their  appoifttment. 
Iheso  barbarities  may  be  rationally  consid. 
ered  as  the  cOhsequence  of  the  example  set 
by  the  officers  of  the  naval  force    ok    oui^ 
coast.     Human  turpitude  is  always  proKres- 
sive,  and  soldiers  ai-e  prepared  for  the  ixrMtra- 
tion  of  the^most  dreadful  crimes  by  the  com- 
."i5?ipn  01   mnov  ofenQes  with  impujiity. 


m 


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ited  by  zSif^ 


That  troops  who  had  bl^i^Unsl 
exmnple  of  their  officers^^  topliii      ,  ._^ 
ert^-  and  burn  the  houses  of  unarmed  wtisen'sr 
should  proceed  ta  rape  and  murder,  need  not 
excite  surprize,  however  it  may  inspire  hor- 
rour.     For  every  detestable;  violation  of  hu- 
inanity  an  excuse  is  fabricated  or  found. ,  The . 
wounded  prisoners  on  the   nortl-rn  -frontier  ; 
were  massacreed  by  the  Indians  ;;  the  sick]^ 
murdered  and  the  women  violatedat  Hampton^ 
Iw  foreign  troops  in  the  pay  of  Great  Britain., 
These  pretexts,  admitting  them  to  be.true,  are  • 
a.s  disgraceful  as  the  conduct  which:  made  ai 
resort  to  them  necessary, ,   Honour  and  mag-  • 
^  nanimity  hot  only  forbid,  tlie  soldier  to  perpe.> 
tratc  criraes,.but  require,  exertion  on  his  part 
to  prevent  them.     If,  in  defiance  of  discipline, . 
ac*s  of  violence  are  committed  i  upon  any  in- 
dividuals entitled  to  protection^,  the  exemplary, 
punishment  of  the  offender  can .  abne  vindi- 
cate  the  reputation  of .  the  nation  by  whom  he 
is  employed. .   Whether  such  exertions  were, 
made  by  the  British  soldiers,  or  the  character - 
of ;th^  British  nation .  thus  vindicated,  the  ev i^.  - 
dencc  will  shew. . 

The. shdeks  of  innocent  victims  of  infernal' 
his!tat<  Hampton  were,  heard  b}^  the  American 
prisoners, .  but  were  too  v/eak  to  reach  the  ears . 
or  disturb  the  repose  of  the  British  officers,, 
whose,  duty,  as  men  required  them  to  protect 
every  female  whom  the  fortune  of  war  had 
thrown  into  their  power.     The  committee  will 


not  dwp^^  ciT\  tH*q 


.  ..a 


Human 


language  affords  no  terms  strong  enough  to  exn 


» 


HEPCfflLT. 


11 


giress  the  emotioni JiHiich  the  examination  of 
^PT  <^ul^^iu|&  has  Awakened ;  they  rejoice  that 
theisacts  have  appeared  so  incredible  to  the 
American  people.  And  for  the  hoHour  of  hu^ 
man  nature  tiiey  deeply  regret  that  the  evi- 
dence so  clearly  establishes  Uieirtruth,  In  the 
correspondence  Jbetween  the  commanders  of 
the  American  and  British  forces  will  Jbe  found  • 
what  is  equivalent  to  an  admission  of  the  facts 
by  the  British  comm^der.  The  committee 
have  yet  to  learn  that  the  punishment  of  the  of- 
ficers lias  followed  the  conviction  of  their 
guilt*  The  pQwer  of  retaliation  being  vested 
by  law  in  theexecutive  maigistrate,  no  measure 
is  considered  necessary  to  be  proposed,  but 
the  resolution  annexed  to  this  report. 

As  such  f  normities,  instead  of  inspiring  ter- 
rour  as  was  probably  intended,  are  in  the  opin- 
ion  (rf  the  committee,  calculated  to  produce  a 
contrary  effect,  they  submit  for  the  considera* 
tion  of  the  House  the  following  resolution  : 

Mesolved,  That  the  President  of  the  United 
Stites  be  requested  to  have  collected  and  pre- 
sented to  this  house,  during  the  continuance  of 
the  present  war,  evidence  of  every  departure 
by  the  enemy  from  theordinai^-  modes  of  con- 
ducting war  among  civilized  nations. 


»' 


% 


No.  1. 


a^D   TREATMENT  OF  AMFniVAlv 
PRISONERS.  BY  THE  imfilSH 


I 


SIR, 


J^ashingt<MyMay2Mhy  1815: 


such  ca"elfhr,»  h":     '"^  "'P"^"  ^P""»' »»  "  "'"»l  >■» 
f„  h„^    t^  5^"  •*"  g"""  ovetboard  to  ease  his  vessel 

e" "r •  ttl^nT  '?,'''="i'='"'  •'^  "ca;e froT'e' 

^n  ine  plea  that  he  had  not  on  board,  when  cLtur 

fined  for^wf     .^   '      ''^^"'S  ''*™  "">»  closely  con- 

Drison  shin  at  Pk..^      ""*"  O"'  a""!  sent  on  board  the 
ADriliLt'^hL    ,-.'"'  ''^^"''  *•>*»  I  '«ft  England  in 

icanpH3onc^11/--^/;- 

i«  h»  pov,«r  to  obtain  the  paroles  of  can,  J^Tln,™"'"^ 
i>eatilT*; ""'  f" ''°"''' »°'  ''o  5  the/frere  deaf  to  hig 

B 


14 


BARBARITIES  OF 


i*" 


U 


Except  captain  Upton  and  his  first  lieutenant,  *u  the 
rest  of  his  officers  and  crew  were  sent  on  board  the  pri- 
soaship  on  their  first  arrival  at  Plymouth  j  amiipngat 
Ibem  was  the  doctor  of  the  Hunter,  Mr.  Carter^  who 
came  home  in  the  cartel  Robinson  Potter.  What  I 
have  stated  respecting  the  treatment  of  captain  Upton 
and  Mr.  Wayne,  I  know  to  be  facts,  as  I  had  the  honour 
of  spending  34  hours  in  Mill  prison  with  them,  and 
„heard  those  facts  related  by  themselves. 
•  Very  respectfully,  &c. 

T    1.^  «      ^I^EXANEER  CQPFIN,  Jun. 

J.  Mason,  Esq. 

Commissary  General  of  Prisoners. 

.A'hvy   Yard,  Charlevtown, 

ciTj   Tu        .t.     ,  JuNfcSd.  1831. 

^m,  1  have  the  honour  to  enclose  you  a  deposition 
f expecting  inhuman  treatment,  which  Mr.  N^ehdls,  late 
commander  of  the.private  armed  shipDecatiir,  belong- 
iJlg  fo  Newbur;yport,has  received  from  the  British  iroT- 
ernmentatBarbddoes.  Ihavebcen  credibly  informed 
that  capt.  Nichols  isa  very  respectable  and  correctman, 
therjefore  a  fair  presumption,  tlm  he  hasnot  commit- 
ted  himse  f  in  such  aiiianner  as  ought  to  tieprive  him 
ot  the  .estabhshed.rights^of  a  prisoner  of  war.  Any 
measure  which  the  government  of  our  country  may  sec 

r^i  l^.!^.!^;^*'^'''  ^^^^equence  of  this  communication, 
1  jhall  readily  attend  to.        . 

.1  have  the  honour  to  be,  &c. 

ilan.  WvM.JoNBs,  Secretary  of  the 
Navy,  City  of  Washington. 

«J'««''IV?'^'^^'''^'^^'^''"^-''P°'^'^"^^'^  counfy  ofEs- 
sex  and  Commonwealth  of  M.ssachmetti,manner,tesl 
Ufy  and.depose,  thut  I  wa.  a  prize-master  on  b3  the 
private  armed  bri^^antine  Decatur,  of  Ncwburvnort  In 
thJ  3tT""rV'^"'^"  Nichols  cLnfander  :K^^^^^ 

commanded  .>y  captain  Uch;;«:^-;f:r^K: 


THE  ENEMV.  i, 

ihiMw.  After  our  arrival  at  Barbadoes,  captain  Nich- 
ols,  ,nA  the  mher  office™  of  the  Decatur,  were  parol- 
eM.  About  tivo  months  afcerour  arriral,  bis  Britannick 
t^Suti!:?.^"«r  ""'n  "■■rivied  in  Barbadoerani. 
^S  NtV,""""!"  °^  tl>e  commander  of  the  Veam* 
captam  Nichols,  without  any  known  or  pretended  cause 

Zn  T^  .  *"  *"{  °'^'"»  offiw  O"  any  other  Ameri- 
»^.'.f  r  V  'i'  "'here  capt.  Nichols  was  confined  was 
about  four  feet  m  wtdth  and  about  seven  feet  in  length 
on  board  a  priBonshtp,  where  he  remained  for  thirt^ 
k?„  1  T'i!i  u'"^."'  ^  •?"  recollect,  and  was  then  L 
EnXd  '"wk''.^,?"'*'^  *  »Wp.  Tribune  and  carried  to 
uhSki.  '  '?"  r'^?"*'  °^  "'^  unwarrantable  and 
unjustifiable  conduct  of  theenemv.lowards  capt.  Nich- 

^VT^'l.^'"  ""*'*'* '°'l"^'  there  wereseveral  reports 
LnH  hM  •' -"^  '"^.'''  "'""'  he  carried  to  England, 

and  held  a  prisoner  untii  the  release  of  certain  men  ia 

S  whl/hT^rl^"""^!:  Nichols  recaptured  his  ves" 
sel,  which  had  been  taken  by  the  British  before  the 
commencement  of.  the  present  war  between  the  two. 
Sr^i  '"'^•'^e'-'^portwas.thathe  was  to  be  S 
untU  the  c  ose  of  the  war  on  account  of  bis  having  been 

S,ils'"i'd''h  "?""'',^'"-/'>e  comt^enccmLt  of 
hbs  limes,  and  having  been  fortunate   in    a    former. 

r'  , .    -  JAMES  FOOT. 

Lo?rf  ig'l't"'"''-^.'  ^'y  Pf^ay.inthe  year  of  our 
«:jil  ,i  :r'/''"''"y  appeared  James  Ko't,  the  sub- 

oath  th^.t  the  same  is  true.        Beiorc  me 

JACOB  GKRKiSH,  Justice  of  the  Peace. 

S^ntjar  jmaoners,  at  Jamaica,  dated, 

been't!ke!,°  Lr/  T^^  ?^'"  '""vetti^mcm, '^^^I'to'h^ve 
ocen  uKen  trom  a  Jamaica  newspaper.  aDr.arMiil»  «... 

forth  by  thcBritish  ^'g^^t  forprisoa'e^,i;r7„:[^^t^,':,:' 


16 


BARBARITIES  OF 


out  Amencan  prisoners;  you  will  enquire  :nto  thk 
imtter,  and  if!'  be,  as  has  been  stated,  you  will-remon^ 
stratc  strorj,'ly  against  such  a  practice  and  inform  hie 
cf  the  practice  and  the  result. "^ 
*  [Referred  to  in  the  preceding  extract] 

Masters  of  vessels  about  to  proceed  to  England  with 
convoy,  are  Inrorrned  that  they  may  be  supplied  with  a 
limited  nuiiiber  of  Anneaican  seamen  (prisoners  of  war) 
to  assist  in  naviguting  tiieir  vessels,  on  the  usual  terms* 
by  applying  to     .  GEORGE  MAUDE,  a^ent. 

Extract  from  a  memorial  addressed  to  the  Secrctary^^  of 
iitate  by  James  Orm,  Jose/ih  B.  Vook,  Thomas  JJum-- 
phries  and  others^  masters  of  American  vesseisy   ivho 
v.^ ere  firii, oners  vf  war  in  England^  aud  returned  to 
the  United  States  in  the  cartel  shift  Rcbins^.n  Potter. 
**  V\'e  shall  now  proceed  to  give  as  correct  a  statement 
as  ^Ve  can  of  the  treatment  of  our  countrymen  (prison- 
ers of  war)  by  the  British  in  England.     On  the  an-ival 
at  Plymouth  of  the  masters;  first  mates,  supercargoes 
and  passengers,  they  are  sent  to  Mill  prison  for  one  dav 
and  mght ;  they  liave  an  iron  bedstead  to  sleep  en  with, 
a  small  matrass  which  might  easily  be  put  into  a  coun- 
tryman's wallet,  and  a  small  coarse  blanket.  The  allow- 
ance  for  twentyfour  hours  is   three  small  salt  her- 
vihgsor  about  the  same  weight  of  salted  cod  fish,  ou 
halt  apoiindof  beef,  one  and  half  pounds  of  black  bread, 
a  little  salti  &c.    The  second  d^y  they  are  paroled  and 
sent  to   Ashburton,  twenty  four  miles  from  Plymouth  ; 
they  must  pay  their  own  expences  to  get  there.  While 
they  are  there,  ihey  are  allowed  1*.  3f/.  per  diem,  or  8*. 
9rf.  sterling  per  week.     Beef  is   XOd,  per  pound,  bread 
in  proportion,  and  every  other  necessary  equally  dear. 
The  mates,  who  have  nothing  but  their  pav  to  live  up- 
on, join  together  8  or  19  in  a  mess,  hire  a  room  and  do 
their  own  cooking,  washing,  &c.  and  in  thi«  way  make 
out  to  keep  from  starving;     Masters,  supercargoes  and 
Dasscneers  e^enerallv  have.  ntbpi>  r^iinnr^^os.   <-ivt.^.,~u 

their  correspondents  in  England,  and  make  out  to  live, 
by  great  economy,at  fiomSo  tcw25*,sterlins  per  week; 


I 


'/•liE  ENEMY.  ,7 

the  second  males  and  other  officers  are  sent  on  board 
the  different  prison  ships.  On  board  some  of  them 
they  are  treated  by  the  commanding  officer  as  well  as 
the  situation  will  admit ;  on  board  of  some  otliers  they 
are  very  badly  treated.  This,  it  wUl  naturally  occur  to 
you,  sir,  is  owing  to  the  different  commanders.  Their 
fiirTu*^  "  '°  jib.  brown  bread,  2  ^Ib.  beef,  Sib.  bad 
iish,  21b.  potatoes,  and  to  ounces  barley  per  week  for 
each  man,  and  eve  ounces  of  salt  per  week  for  ten  men. 
The  pn»on_^sbips  are  '-.ept  very  filthy,  and  the  prisoners 
are  conBned  below  at  4  P.  M.  and  are  kept  in  \hat  situ- 

'i^T^  '  °'\^-  ^V    ^'  P««»m»u-h%articularly, 
they  are  very  sickly,  and  we  are  informed  die  very  fai 

board  all  of  them  ;  several  of  this  description  Jme 
home  with  us  in  the  Robinson  Potter  cartel,  and  had, 
when  they  came  on  board,  ths  appearance  of  having 
made  their  escape  from  a  church  yard.  It  is  not,  per- 
K  "?"f  ■.'''*T*- ^hoiild  state  what  we  firmly  be- 
lieve .  that  IS,  It  is  the  policy  of  the  British  govern- 

keep  the  hale  and  hardy  seamen  untU  they  become  sick- 
ly, thus  rendering  the  whole  of  those  gallant  sons  of 

Sat^larr' ''""''' J*'"'" ''>'y '""■•" '°  ^heir 
rh.™.'i  1    *?■■  '°'"^  '""«'  perfectly  useless  to 

themselves  and  quite  so  to  their  country,  f™m  their  de- 
bdaated  state  i  and,  in  fact,  the  pmbability  is.thatmany 

.mnn?>,'!""""^'°.""'"K'"e»l»'e  indelible  stanm  • 
upon  their  consututions  of  tl.e.treatment  which  they 
receii-ed  on  board  British  prison  ships  ;  for  that  nadon 

«n?  R^'^k"""  !??'  •''  '•"""t'^*'  hum»ity,  and  if  we  dM  ' 
not^nd  the  word  in  their  vocabulary  we  should  suppose 
«  had  never  found  a  place  there.     Many  of  the  seamen, 
prisoners  on  boaid  those  prison  ships,  are  impressed 
Americans  who  have  »iven  themselves  up,  reS  to  ' 
fife  fle^rM'  'h^eir  codntry.    Four  hundSd  on  bo^ard  . 
leftf^oV,?,'"'  ^^'^T'T"""'  "  ^l'""  '■"»«  before  we 
otr!:r.!^J:'r.ilT5r.'^^^*T«l-»  -^  -re  sent  to 

vereiyfl,g-ged"i^-fuu.rtXhrd:t;:^ 

".irons,  and  m^t  of , hem.  to  their  inunonal  ci^ditj- 


ffe,; 


»  BARBARITIES  OF 

:!Ubmitted  to  the  severest  punishment  in  preference  t^ 
assist  the  enemies  of  their  country.  Some  of  us,  whos^ 
wgnatures  arc  annexed,  were  witnes&es  to  the  cruel 
fact.  A  tablet  of  gold  is  not  rich  enough  to  inscribe 
the  names  of  such  men  upon,  and  when  a  country  ran 
boast  of  such  seamen,  she  has  nothing  to  fear  from  tho 
enemy  on  the  ocean  on  an  equal  footing.  Captain  Ju- 
dathan  lTpt<>n,  late  masterof  the  private  armed  brig 
Hunter,  of  Salem  of  14  giins,  because  he  threw  them 
overboard  in  chase,  was  not  allowed  his  parole,  but 
kept  in  close  confinement  for  a  long  time  in  Mil  pri- 
son, and  lately  has  been  sent  on  board  a  priuon  ship  at 
Chatham.  We  mention  these  facts  in  hopes  that  gov* 
ernment  will  retaliate  exactiy  in  the  same  way,  Gapt. 
Samuel  Turner,  late  master  of  the  Purse  schooner,  of 
New  York,  was  taken  on  his  passage  to  France  in  Oe- 
toher,  1811,  prior  to  the  war,  and  in  retaking  his  vessel, 

the  prize  master,  a  British  Midshipman,  was  killed  ; 

he  arrived  safely  in  France,  and  on  his  retui-n  to  Amer- 
ica was  again  taken,  in  June,  18 12,  and  sent  to  England, 
when  being  recognized,  he  was  immediately  arrested 
and  sent  on  board  the  St.  Salvador,  admiral  Calder's 
flag  ship,  at  Plymouth,  where  he  remained  a  close  pri- 
soner until  about  Jaauary  or  February  last,  when  he  was 
sent  on  board  the  prison  ship  at  Chatham,  where  we 
fear  he  will  remain  until  death  relieves  him  ;  he  has 
been  very  ilJ  treated,  mueh  abused,  put  in  irons,  and  af- 
terwards threatened  to  be  hanged.     These  faets,  som«: 
of  us  who  sign  this,  were  witness  to.     We  pray*  in  the 
name  of  justice,  that  governmcttt  will  eake  without  de- 
lay, the  case  of  captian  Turner  into  theii^  serious  con- 
sideration ;  it  is  a  case  which  we  think  demands  it,  and 
the  only  way  ta  prevent  that  nation  from  committing . 
further  outrages  so  degrading  to  human  nature.     We 
find  in  Roman  history^  that  an  injury  or  an  insult  offer- 
ed to  a  Roman  citizen  by  a  foreign  power  was  consider- 
ed as  an  insult  offered  to  the  whole  Roman  nation,  and 
hope  this  will  also  be  the  American  creed,  because  wa- 
believe  it  will  be  tho  surest  way  of  putting  a  stop  to. 

•bliged  to  suffer.    We^^rc,  however,  no  advocates  for 


THE  ENEMY,  |^ 

dtil#Ity,  buton  the  contrary,  for  lenity  ;  yet  w«»  .viUaiiM 
>clievc,  that  in  ccrtBin  cwica  retalkion  is  not  only  ne- 
eessary  but  becomes  a  duty  to  pre veftt  further  ciuel- < 
tics  on  the  part  ©fan  enemy.** 

Misaauy  NoTembtr  «r^A,  1 8 1 2 . 
DEAji  Brother— .1  embrace  this,  the  earliest  op* 
portunity  of  communicating  to  youj  that  on  the  9th  in-  - 
stant,  fifteen  days  out,  we  feJI  in  with  and  captured  the 
fine  copper  bottomed  ship,  Venus,  vessel  and  carRo 
worth  at  leat  25,000  dollars*.    On  the  12tli  pursuinjr 
our  course  and  within  five  days  of  your  place,  we  were 
captured  by  his  majesty  V  sloop  Moselle.  George  Mou- 
bray,  comraandci:,  and  brought  into  this  place.     We  • 
remained  on  board  the  sloop  two  or  three  days,  and  ©n 
the  1 9th  were  transferred  from  thence  to  the  prison  , 
ship  where  we  arenow  imprisoned,  with  an  allowance 
of  6  02.  of  bread,  3  gills  of  rice,  8  oz.  of  the  worst  of, 
beet,  including  bone,  which  is  as  much  as  meat,  with  -, 
as  much  brackisk  watwr  as  we  can  use  ;  guarded  day. 
andnightbylO  or  15  savage- Africans,  who  are  total 
stranrtrsto  humanity,  and  confined  every  evening  at 
sun  down,  not  to  be  released  uptll  next  morning  at  sun- 
rise  ;  abused  to  the  lowest  .degree  by  the  guard,  and. 
connpelled  to  find  salt  for,  iind  cook  our  own  victuals, 
with  green  mangoes..    None  of  us  are^ever  permitted, 
under  any  condition  whatever,  to  visit  the  shores,  with 
niany  other  barbarous  acts,  which  are  too  numerous  to  . 
descrihe.     This  will  be  conveyed  by  the  cartel  sloop, 
captam  Cooper,  being  the  second  cartel  which  has  saiU 
cd  since  our  arrival  here.     A  schooner  from  Baltimore 
was  only  allowed  8  men,  and  Cooper  who  brought  64 
prisoners,  is  only  allowed  18  in  return,  while  we,  18  in 
number,  are  detained  in  this  miserable  place ;  for  which, 
we  cannot  assign  any  reason,  except  to  punish  us  as  pri- 
yatcersmen,  or  as  hostages  for  those   12  lately  detained 
m  Charleston  ;  this  last  is  the  general  belief,  and  as 
such,  I  deem  a  communication  of  the  circumstances 
essential  to  commodore  Dent,  commander  of  Ihe south- 
em  station,  that  he  may  look  to  it  and  enquire  the  cause      ^ 
why  Americans  are  to  be  detained  here  two  or  three 
montliS;  while  more  prisoners  hi      been  received  here^ 


iCM 


bahbarittes  of 


1    ; 


i; 


I 


John  Hynes, 
D.».ius  Swain, 
John  M'Kcnaiei . 


by  a  great  many,  than  what  have  been  sent  to  thcUnit- 
ed  States,     Men  who  have  arrived  here  since  we  hav« 
been  sent  off  j  they  proceed  ^hh  no  degree  of  regular- 
ity  In  the  exchange  of  prisoners,  and  act  in  open  con- 
tfadiction  to  every  thing  right,  and  I  really  believe,  that 
except  ycu  jnaKe  ithown  the  circumstance  and  use  some 
favourable  exertions,  that  some  of  us  will  be  intendon- 
^ly  detamed  until  the  endof  our  presentcontcstivithG. 
Britam.     As  I  wish  your  exertions  for  our  exchange,  I 
have  subjoined  a  list  of  those  who  are  thus  miserably 
treated,  that  wemay  be  demanded  in  a  proper  way.  The 
Rapid's  crew  have  been  imprisoned  here  near  three 
months,  and  have  now  no  prospect  of  getting  away  while 
the  crews  of  tDmo  other  privateers  have  been  released. 
Crew  of  the  Lovely  Luas, 
Lieut.  Autine  Lambert,        John  Gamache, 
Wm.  L.  Robeson, 
Wm.  Thomas, , 
John  Crandel, 
David  Ashton^- 

Jia/tid's  Crev/»  • 
Captain  Lameson,  James  T.  Miller, 

Peter  La  Vclla,  Francis  Martin,       ■ 

George  Alexander,'  Qaugion  Bigulows.  '• 

OtAer  -PHaontrs. 
Simon  West,  Mathew  Bridge. 

I  wrote  ^fr.  Peck  and  requested  him  to  forward  rat  • 
a  letter  of  introduction  to  some  one  here,  and  also  a  pro- 
tection shewing  that  I  am  an  American.  As  it  is  po^r- 
sibk  that  he  may  not  get  my  letter,  you  will  notice  my 
request  and  pay  that  atttention  which  it  deserves.  I 
mentioned  in  my  letter  to  Mr.  Peck,  that  any  funds 
which  1  r«ceivedhere  would  be  returned  on  application, 
as  my  expenditures  will,  through  an  economical  princi- 
ple, be  as  small  as  possible;  1  indulge  the  hope  that 
you  will  conform  to  my  wishes  in  this  particular,  and 
also inform  Mr,  Kelly  of  our  imprisonment  here,  and 
request  his  influence  in  facilitating  our  exchange;  with 
any  oiher  service. 

£^re!y  person  uses  every  exertion  to  keepus  in  jgn»« 


THE  ENEMY.  |^, 

ijincc  ;  however,  wc  arc  enabled  to  say,  that  the  Ens- 
Hsh  prisoners  have  generally  combinecl  in  speaking  of 
the  treatment  they  received  in  the  United  States. 
I  ana  your  affectionate  brother, 

A,A.  -TA  r  »  ,         Wm.  L.ROBESON. 

N.  B.  The  Moselle,  Rhodian  and  Variable,  three 
men  of  war,  have  just  convoyed  5  or  6  ves&els  over  the 
bar  bound  to  some  part  of  England,  it  is  supposed  they 
Jill  return  to eruize  off  Charleston.  In  case  you  ad- 
dress or  send  any  thing  for  me  at  tliis  pluce,  you  will  di- 
rect  tothe  care  of  Messrs.  Bain,  Daushc,  i  Co.  mer- 
chants here.. 1  am  yours,  kc.  W.  L.  R. 

Q_       .  ,  .  .     ^^rtford,  May  9,1813. 

*„i       r^ '^"^-'^^  "  captain  Samuel  Chewfs  deposition 
taken  before  Judge  Edward«,.at  New  Haven.     We  ex- . 
pected  It  in  season  to  have  forwarded  it  by  Mr.  Dodd, 

nk  71^^"^  '1  '^'^  ^''^"^^e  by  Mr.  Huntington,  the  vl 
mted  States  Attorney  for  Connecticut  Dis^ict,  and  now, 
forward  itto  you- per  mail ^Yours  respectfully, 

Han   r         n.    ^^™ER  SAVAGE,  &Co.\ 
Hon.  Jama  Munroe. 

GONNEOTICUT    rJIStPICT.SS. 

On  this  day,  th^  nh  of  May,  in  the  year  of  our  Ltrd ; 
eighteen  hundred  and  thirteen,  personally  came  before 
nn!.  i^cP"*"'  Edwards,  judge  of  the  district  court  «f  the 
United  States,Tor  ^  district  aforesaid,  Samuel  Chew. 
01  the  city  of  New  l&aven,  In  the  said  dis^trict,  and  bcin^ 
duly  sworn,  deposeth,  that  he  was  at  BiidgctowB  iu 
t^nnJ^  rl^J  Barbadoes,in  the  West  Indies,  in  the 
month  of  February  now  last  past ;  that  on  board  a  Brii- 

hn.  f  ?oo'^?*''P'.''^  Barbadoes,  there  were  confined  a-. 
Dout523  American  prisoners  of  the  crews  of  private 
armed  vcsselsof  the  United  States  and  merchantmen, 
eaptu'ed  smce  the  war.  At  the  time  the  deponent  was 
at  isarbadoes  the  American  p-isoners  were  supplied 
wuh  bread  and  some  meat ;  as  to  vegetables,  the  de- 
:.  ..  "T  —^  "-'--•»  «=^«.  iijc  rc;»juinuon3  on  uoarci 
the  said  pnson  ship  compelled  the  prisoners  to  go  be- 
low Uecks,  where  they  were  confined  at  e^xning  aad.i 


^  BARBARITIES  OF 

ttntil  morning  ;  at  many  as  could,  were  suspended  in 
IjamiTiocks.and  itUl  there  was  not  sufficient  room  below 
them  for  all  to  lie  down.     In  this   respect  the  situation 
of  the  prisoners  was  not  only  extremely  uncomfortable, 
but  hazardous,  and  more  especially,  should  there  be,  as  - 
iras  apprehended,  a  scarcity  of  prof  isions,  during  the 
Wroaching  hot  months.     The  deponent  w^s  noT  per- 
miutd  to  go  on  board  said  priso:.  ship,  but  derived  his 
infermation  from  masters  of  vessels,  prisoners  at  said 
island,  who  were  allowed  occasionally  to  go  on  board 
Tnl'TA  ***'P».^«\^'«>'n  ^i»e  deponent  is  personally 
acquamted,  and  m  whos«^  representations  he  has  the 
most  perfect  confidence,  and  entertains  no  doubt  of  the 
facts  by  them  stated  ;  and  this  statement  is  given  at  the 
request  of  the  friends  of  some  of  the  prisoners  at  Bar-  - 
badoes,  particularly  of  the  crew  of  the  privateer  Block-  - 
ade,  at  H^tfprd..  PI  ERPON^T  •  EDWARDS, 

T  T>     '  jpi9trict  Judgt  0/  Connecticut  dUtrict, 

nf  tll'^f ''•?'7'cF°^^/°^'  •i"**^^  °^  ^^^  *^^«"ct  court 
of  the  United  States  for  the  Connecticut  district,  do 

r^rfjuV^'^^  and  make  known  to  all  whom  it  may  ion- 
ccrn,  that  captam  Samuel  Chew,  the  within  named  de- 
ponem,  isa  genUeman  tome  well  known, having  known  , 
him  for  many  years  ;  he  h  the  soi^Df  captain  Samuel 
Chew,  late  of  the  city  of  New  Haven,  deceased,  and  ' 
cW^n^  K  ^  *  cannon  ball  on  board  an  American  vessel, 
during  the  revolutionary  war ;  that  the  said  deponent  is 
nn?^"  °^  '''*''  integrity,  and  attacl#fcd  to  the  constitution  - 
and  government  of  the  United  States,  and  the  most  per- 

;?.i    M  "^^""'^  "  '^^  ^?  ^"^  ^^^^  representations  so  as  , 
aioces^id  sworn  to. .       HERPONT  EDW*R0S, 

^sirict/udfre  of  Connecticut  dht-dct, 

MILLVILLE  PRISON,. 

Ci         «,r      ,  'August  SOy  18\2,* 

tyiR«-.>Vc,  the  subscribers,  for  ourselves  and  otir 
countrymen  now  confined  as  prisoners  of  war  in  Mill- 
vill^pri.0. ,  aalifax,Nova  Scoria,  beg  leave  to  reprint 
to  the  ^I'vr  an  government— That  most  of  i^  have 
««j1  *-— 7 .;-— ».x--x««i«si.w  uiii-  3Uie  empioynient 
andiioEe,  m.  which,  for  sereo  years  or  more,  we  have 


THE  ENEMY.  35 

often  been  wftntonly  robbed  by  the  English  of  what  w« 
had  acquired  by  industry  and  danger,  and  whn^   k 
«ript  ^a  of  our  propertyTthey  TjTr'J^^  u.^i^l^^ 
rcalest  indignity  and  even  barbarity.  *  ^^"^ 

VVe  have  seen  and  known  that  thev  hare  nfi*«  .,:  1  4 

of  our  government,  and  their  repeated  call,  nnnn?, 
honour  and  jusUce  of  the  British  nnH^     u-  u^?"   '^'® 
of  redress,  a^dded  otWinjS  and  ,"1,1  Ih^^'K^'^'i 

^frn.t  s^«e,that  in  many  instances  after  we  harl 

struck  our  coJours,  we  were  fippri ,,«««  'J^ «*icr  we  naa 

mustet,,  broad  side/anTvollcys  3  LmV'?"""  '"'' 

killed,  and  after  our.captoraj  Xoml  o?l  °^°'"" """ 
11U  Ka»«  K         .  ^^^'t^miiurs  jiaa  come  on  board  Bomt^nF 

'  the  offif^r^would  noTref™^ ^  fromtheships  .o  pri  J 
andbaReaeewkh  "    h?f  ?^i''^'°  '**^  our  clothinff 

our,  we  I«ve  Cfll  ^ 'J?"'  .""^^SM-ding  their  hon- 
thirty,  and  ^me  LI  anriT  °^"'  have  been  marched 
miles  or«.  a  mSle  .n"^*  ""/  '"'"•''"=''  ""'^  '"'/ 
our  streng,h^"f  H^;L*a  Ih""^'  *'■"•''  "'""S  beyond 
lowance,  lach  man  De?l        '"'"'i '" '™"''-    ^ur  al- 

I  hone.^neXnir^.'f.^^i^"'"  Pj^Porao-'ed  with 

i  without  we'arino:'  aninre'r  ,'^"/"  °f'  °'  **"•     ^«  »"» 
-ling  appaiel  and  wuliout  money,  or  any 


n 


34 


,r" 


BAH^BAttlTIES  OF 


<i»ust  perish.     Tht^aTtZ^2%  ^^^'  ^"-^  "^"fof  us 
of  twelve  humlrer  Eve  °!rfL'J"K  ^"'°''  "P"^' 

in.0  the  Englir,7;re?"\?ec'  tii™  '"hT  '°  '"'*•• 
to  desert  U9  and  enter  into  wi?     *'^.°^"se  some 

trust  that  spee'v  r-Urffrr!^  „?  servit.,de,  but  *e 

^  We  respectfully,  request  an  exchange  or  srm*.  n. 

Joseph  Starr,  "Scsrow, 
Frederick  Johnson^  JV<?w  York 

Richard  Rhea,  Mw- Jersey, 
George  Batterman,  ^0,^0;/, 
John  Hazelton,  J?<w/o;i 
Wililam  Dyer,  BoBion, 
-olomon  Norton,  Boston, 
•James  Trask,  Bo^ion, 
Alexander  B.  Latham,  ^^.«;i:,„^,„^ 

Eastwick  Pray,  Portsm^uthf 
>Vriham  TemoW,  P«rrm<.z.r^, 
Ft^bes  Dala,  Portland, 
Charles  Thompson,  jun.  JVew  TorA-. 


IT 


A^A>VS«V    tf  *aJ3S£«5 


uHaoE,  Secretary  qf' State. 


THE  ENEMY.  g, 

DETENTION  OF  ^mA^^sO^KS  AS  BR.X. 

°-^"ofCommi>mrvae„f  rat  of  Prisoner,, 
SIB— I  have  the  honour  to  transmit  thi.  rnn»  J     , 
from  captain  Stewart,  command"nTthe  Unff/d  S,,^  '""" 
:val  forces  at  ^Norfolk,  dated  the  2I1  >  of  Aliv    ,^     ?  "": 
Warren,  and  that  of  a  letter  from  rea'rX^.^*l  r  ^?'""''' 
fated  3lst of  May,  i„  reply.  reWivr,„  ,  ^^odcburn. 

We  «ct  or  commodore  Beresford,?  ""^«' ""justifia- 
cers  and  crew  of  the  l«e  UnUcd  Stat^s'bril'vi"^  ""=  '"^- 
mouth  of  the  Delaware     T  .,.?:„      I    ''"?  V«xen  at  the 

ofthe  interferenct:rrom^ore' ^ts^rr^ir.^^^^ 
prisonetB  of  war,  retursing  on   parole    and  .hi       "'?'° 

ma4!(by  himin  consequence  of  th!^t~   ?■    ^  exaction 
"sumed,  on  the  gSIm  U^'^c^^fa^  ir""  *"* 
reiy  property  placed  it,  I  will  remarlrH,T     ''*""  ""^ 
»rt  wascertainlvmis^norehenZdh'  ""^.^^P'""  Stew- 
ift  MiHbutinr  to  Mm  thi  Leni^n  -r    '"'™"?'  Cockbmn, 
i.»to  the  fi„a?  aetS^twoTthf  ;rj'"8  "^  ""^^ 
on  the  contrary,  the  expre,s"o„  used  CaoTaiST"'"  ' 
communicates  in  very  plain  terms  thJ^!*^-     ^'*'*""' 
Eovemment  then  alreacW  made  -^h*.,  f    decision  of  this 
nick  majesty's  subiecTs  should  hVi  "f"""  "^  »>"  B'itan- 

-l.eld  in  'durance"  sScttfhe^Lmr^'t''^  ''='"'•"«'' ""'' 
spects,  &c.  •'"'•""""="''«  treatment  in  aa  re. 

And  Thave  now  to  inform  you.  sir  fl,»n„ -•  . 
decision,  and' by  an  order  from  this  i.l  .k  """"  "»  ^^'^ 
Massachusetts  has  desi^nateLnd  -  /'•  ■  "'"■*^*'  °^ 
ment  William  Kitto,  caTpemer^d  T.t''  '"  i^°»/ .c°«fine. 
boatswain,  of  the  la  «  R.^ri.L  '  ,  ^  ''°'"*'  Beddingfield. 
■S.,uirrell  and  Ja,    R„! "n     ^f''"  ^woilow ;  and^ohrt 

subjects  of  his  Brifannick  m^lT"  °^  '^^  ^"'8°"'  5% 

ble  for  the  salety  oMohn  steTZ  ^'  '°  '"'  '^"d ''e^ponsi: 

as  Kmg.  seaman',  part  of  t^  ere"  of  fhrn  t  b  •'  ?:!"""- 

I  flatter  myself,  sir,  that  'Us  s  ,h°L.    •»"      """^  Vixen. 

■eaily   atteniion,  and    that    -!««-•»    "''"  """"^-^^i  your 

andseamenof  the  Vixen  jrjjil.?^-^  ^"e   officer, 

;.etumea  to  Uus  count.y,  ^^^^^Z^SL^ 

trom  the  eai-tel \rJf...  1        '^"-  aestmat* 


y^i 


cai'tel .v^i 


CU.  Thc«ia»  Barclay,  &c,  8cc 


y  respectfully,  &,^ 
J.  MASON. 


C 


^6 


BARBARITIES  OF 


■r 


//.  Af.  A\  Poic tiers,  MayS,  1814. 
SiR^I  am  sorry  I  am  under  the  necessity  of  detaining 
J.  S^^vens  and  T.,  King,  late  of  the  Vixen,  in  conb^ 
quencc  of  their  being  British  .subjects.     I  am,  sir,  &c. 

,^    ,.        ^  J.P.BERESFORD. 

To  Lieut.  Drayton. 

The  original  is  in  the  possession  of  the  commissary  gen- 
eral of  prisoner*  y/^^  JONEJj. 

'^^avTj  DefLariment^May  \7,\^\3, 
Siii— You  are  hereby  authorised  and  instructed  to  ad- 
dressa  letter toadmiral si.  John  Borhse  Warren, represent- 
ing the  following  facts  and  determination,  viz..— That  a  part 
of  the  officers  and  crew  of  the  late  United  imitates  brig  Vixen 
were  returning  from  Jamaica..on  parole,,  as  priscmers  pf 
war,  and  entering  the  Delaware,  when  commodorAeres- 
ford.  caused  them  to  be  brought  on  board  the  metiers 
and  detained  until  a  .part  pf  the  crew  of  that  ship,   whom 
he  demanded. in  exchangCv  were  spnt  down  from  Phila- 
delphia; ih  it  iiltiniately,  he  detained  John  Stevens,  car- 
penter, and  ThomajjriCins.,  seaman  vtwo  of  the  aforesaid  crew 
of  the  Vixen,  on  the  plea  of  their  being  Bridsh  subjkts, 
as  appears  by  a  letter,  from  commodore    Bcresiord    to 
lieut.  Drayton,  late:  1st  .of  the  brig  Vixen  ;  and  that  you 
are  commanded  explicitly  to  di^clare,  that  in  retaliation  for 
the  violent  and  unjust  deti^ntion  of  the  said  John  Stephen! 
and  Thomas  King,  the  government  of  the  United  States 
Will  immediately  caus-e  fbur  Bridsh  subjects  to  l)e  select- 
ed and  held  in  duress,  subject  to  the  same  treatment  in  all 
respects  that  the  said  John  Stephens  and  Thomas  King  may 
receive  durhig  their  detention. 

On  the  receipt  of  the  admiral's  answer,  you  will  com- 
municate the  sa?iie  to  mc  wit"hout  delay. 
I  am,  regpcctiully,  SiC. 

W.  JONES. 

Charles  Stewart^  Enq. 

Conunaiidin^'  nuvat  oj/icer^  ^^''ovfolk,  (^^''^'J 

United  Stctcs\fri!sate  Constellation, 
Off  A  0' f 


f  ♦, 


CIl*-' *-   ii"T;C 


i',o  1- 


:P 


■cm  *o  vtiii; 


«  H  ^  v* 


'«'.»< 


'^y\ 


THE  ENEMV. 


ar 


foresaid  crew 


thftt  a  part  of  the  officers  and  crew  of  the  late  United 
States'  brig  Vixen,  returning  from  Jamaica  on  parole  as 
prisoners  of  war,  were*  on  entering  the  Delaware,  taken 
oat  of  the  flag  of  truce  by  commodore  Bereslord,  com- 
manding on  that  station)  and  detained  until  a  part  of  the 
crew  of  thePoictiers,  then  prisoners  at  Philadelphia,  were 
demanded^  him  and  sent  down  in  exchange  ;  that  ulti- 
mately he  detained  on  board  the  Poictiers,  John  Stephens, 
carpenter,  and  Thsmas  King,  seaman,  late  of  the  United 
States' bngVijf en,  on  plea  of  their  being  subjeds  of  his 
Brit mnick  Majesty- 

This  vialiiiion  of  the  rights  of  prisoners  on  parole,  is  so 
contrdry  to  the  usage  of  all  civilized  nations,  that  1  trust 
your  excellency  Mill  give  suck  instructions  upon  tliat  head 
as  will  prevent  a  similar  violation  in  ftftufe* 

I  have  it  in  <jo:nmand  fr«m  my  government  to  state  to 
your  excellency,  that  in  retali-ttion  for  so  violent  and  un- 
just a  procedure  on  the  part  of  commodore  Beresford  in 
detaining  the  above  Mr.  John  Stephens  and  Thomas  King, 
that  four  subjects  of  his  nritannick  majesty  will  be  imme- 
diately  selected  and  held  in  durance,  subject  to  the  fcame 
treatment  in  all  respects,  which  may  be  shown  towards  th« 
aforesaid  two  persons  during  their^  detention-.  I  hope 
your  excellency  will  give  this  subject  vour  earliest  atten- 
tion and  direct  the  release  of  Mr.  Stephens  and  Thomas 

Ivmg,  who  have  been  so  improperly  detained  on  board - 
the.  roictiers. 

1  have  the  honour  to  be,  Sec. 
(Signed)  CHARLKS  STEWART. 

Commanding"  officer  of  iht  United  States  naval 

forces  at  Aorfolk, 

To  his  excellency  the  rj^ht  honourable  sir  John  B.  War- 
ren, ndnhral  of  the  blue,  uiul  commf.ndcr  in  chief  of 
lnsl5riUni.ickm.ijuoty'sndval  forces  on  the  American 

SUiUOB. 

^^is  liritannickTimjesty'sshi/i  Marlborough^ 
^^        \       ,  ^^  Lynhavcri  Ba^,  2  \ fit  May,  1813. 

•-  lit — In    the    abspnr.f^  nf  Rii«    T^Kn     n     xnr...,....,      t    1-     _ 

the  honour  to  ac'itnowlcdac  t 


4tUe  of  the  20ih  current 


gc  tnc  receipt  gf  your  letter  under 


:;  coiiipiuiiung  oi  tire  conduct  ol 


S8 


BARBARITIES  OF 


commodore  Beresfonl,  towards  some  American'  Drr«,n,« 
of  war  returning  to  Philadelehia  on  p"ro  "and Trhu' 
having  detained  on  board  the  Poictiera  mL  Inh„  ^,     w 
and  Thomas  King.  '^"'"■ers  Mr.  John  bteph^ns- 

Jol^^n^w""^""""  "^'""nistances  have  yet  reached  sir 
1  have  ^-'::'",-'"  "'.5"^'^ '■'•'""  commodore Beresford,  but: 
nuiry  »o;;!d  h  vl' 7  '"  "T' "«  )ou,  sir.  that  every  en. 
quiry  nou  d  huve  been  made  into  them,  and  evei-y  satis- 
ftclion  and  explanation  thereon,  which  tf.e  rase  mightCe 
requtred,  wmdd  have  been  offered  to  your  Kovfromem 

for  the  threat  with  whuh  your  representation  on  this  sub- 
ject  .s  accompanied,  the  tenor  of  which  being  likely  to 
roduce  an  entire  change  in  the  aspect  of  ou  "!omS 

^t  ch  'the  firr"  r"'"'^  i"  '^'f  '•«'^'"  '°  '»>«  individudV 
r.lri.     .•         °^  ■"""■  '"'"  P'^ced  within  the  power  of 
etrie^pecuve  nations;  it  totally  precludes  the  possibilhy 
t  f  my  now  entering  further  into  the  subiect  than  to  assure 
ou  your  Utter  shall  be  transi^itted  to  tie  right  honfurS 
Uc  the  cemmander  in  chief  by  the  eariiest  oppottunity. 

S:^Z^^.  ^"^™^--  '-'"-  '-•>'-'  tefofwardt. 
I  have  the  honour*  to  be,  .  '_     ' 

Sir,  with  high  consideration^  * 

Your  most  obedient  humble  serrant, 

C.,fn'    <:.  ^^•^^CKaURN,RearAdmiraK 

C  afitatn  Sreivart,  commanding  the  naval  forces 

qfihe  United  States,  at  Aor/blk. 

Shark,  ^Brt  R-oyaU^ Jamaica ) 
J^tavch  20   181*? 
5:rR--.Captain  Moubray,  of  his  mojesty's  sloop  Moselle, 
has  just  sent  to  nrie  the  copy  of  a  letter  from  you  to  Mm^^^ 
and  another  to  Mr.  Cook,  of  his    majesty^    late   810^0 
Rhodian,  dated  the  25lh  nit.  res,.ecting  six  met*  tZ 
lioned  in  the  margin,  who  were  sent  herefrom  tfie  Bafia-^ 
mas,  as  havmg  been  taken  in  the  Amerrcan.  privateer  Sa- 
rah Ann,  and  supposed  to  be  subjects  of  his  majestjr^j  but 

r«^,/X?f'i/^'f'^V.^''"'''  ^°^^'**'  •'^'^   Taylor Jrohm 
Cauty  Mike  Pluck,  George  G.  IlcOeris, 


THE  ENEMV.  jg 

k  TJ'^f  '"  r'"'  '^'^.^'^  ^^•^y  '^^'""S  has  been  adduced, 

and  they  are  at  present  on  board  of  the  prison  ships  waU- 
uig  an  exchange  of  prisoners.  >  =."v»  wait- 

,J  ""i"  si'V  your  most  obedient  humble  servant, 

ci,„      T   I        ,  Harlem^  June  J,  1813.    - 

which';;ok  nLlT    *?•  '■^^•'  r"  '°    ^    communicati.n 
WHICH  took  place  some  time  in  the  autumn  or  winter  nre- 

ceedmg,  between  Mr.  Baker,  his  majesty's  late  acem  for 

prisoners  of  war,  and  Mr.  Monroe,  secret-ary  of  state    re 

baiah  Ann,  Richard  Moor,  master,  captured  by  hU  ma. 
who'se  namT.^'""'?"'  '°1".  ^^"-  Ro«^.E^q^  commander 

pearwei? Tenrfn  r  "•"'  '"  "^^J^V^i  «»'!  who  it  apl 
pears  weie  sent  to  Jamaica,  to  which  station  the  Rhodi-m 

be  onged,  on  suspicion  of  their  being  subject*  of  hi   m^ies^ 

m^;  1  .f'""^ '*■■  '^1^"'  y°"''  attemiii  to  a  letter  & 
maj  gen.^i'mckney  to  the  secretiry  at  war,  died  head 
quarters,  Charleston,  4th  of  November,  m2;from  whict 

oneis  ot  war  at  Charleston,  were  held  in  orison  tn  »,, 

arAnnt,- '  ?'"°°''  ''''  ""=  '^'^  "^  'he  six  m^  T,,^"!";  . 
lah  Ann  privateer,  sent  to  Jamaica.  .  "w-o^r 

:fcixr -'"^  j-aicrstsrs  si^-p^T'S 


30 


BAUBARITJES  OF 


persons  of  tvvdve  British  seamen,  nowin  prison  inCharles*. 
ton,  tal.,„  ofl  and  that  they  may  be  infornied  thereof 
I  understand  that  John  Gaul,  one  of  the  hW  ^J^    ^ 

the  department  of  stale  his  parole," 
I  have  the  honour  to  be,  Sec, 


a^ffiCif  qf  commissa  ry  general  of  firia^nenr, 

Jr.~l  ieam  with  pleasutt^C 'feu::  lu  liid  .e 

t^JZZT'^'''''r  °*'  ""=  "*'  i-t-  -'•  K.«  torn 
admiral  !>urlmg  you  have  enctosed,  that  the  six  men  bfe- 

oS-t't"  fnTrn ""r'"---  '^"'"-•"^  An„:'detSd  „ 
yctonti   liit,  andsent  to  Jamaica  to  be  tried  as  BritUh 

subjects,  haxe  been  .-estored  to  the  ordiw™  Sat^of  mk 
oners  of  war  to  wait  an  exchange-  and  tl^^  ,h„      *  ^ 
«o  intention  to  bring  tl.em  to  tXl.'  '  """  "  ""''^ 

I  very  cheerfully  comply  with  your  request,   sir    nnrf 
have  this  day  directed  the  'marshal  of  SoWh  Lto  iiu  to 

T:::  V^^^I^^  ^^  .he  ordinate  state  of  prt^ne  t 
Mwar,  the  «  Biuuh  seamen  confined  under  the  orders 
of  this  gpyemment  by  him,  and- to  ihform  them  that  th^  ■ 
r«ppasib.lity  attached  to  their  persons  for  4?s*ltv  of 
the  med  cf  the  Sarah  Ann  has  been  taken  off  •  ^  ^' 
/o-  •  ,,  ^"y  re.spectfully,  Sec 
.C0i;'jy,o,ni,. Barclay..  J.  MASOX.. 

W-."~^^'^n  ''  ""y  ''"'y  to  lay  before  you  the  [Vsl' ol 
W.>;iam  M'Dow«ll  Scott>  lato«f  Detroit,\„  imforumaff 

^hrnrifilhl^''"  has  be.n  seized  and 'apprehended  t 
the  British  commanding  officer  at  Detrcft  and  «-nt  ^ 
Quebec,  where  he  i«  now  confined  under  netence  ;;?!, 

z  uSst^^t"'  •"'"'  r '"""'  -  -« "irbeirif"  -f 

™?.V!''?»*a  3'at'»  against  that  eovernm^nf 
VVUiiam  M'B«»ell  Scott,,  is  a  natTy'e  of  Ireland,  and 


THE  ENEMY/  « 

emigrated  to  the  United  States  about  cightccD  years  since, 
lie  resided  for  some  years  in  the  state  of  New-  York,  and 
in  the  summer  of  1 800,  he  came  to  Detroit,  established 
himselfas  a  physician,  and  has  ever  since  resided  there. 
He  has  been  naturaliztd  ap^eeably  to  the  laws  of  live 
United  States,  and  ihiafact  is  well  known  to  the  British  gov-  . 
ernment ;  and  both  in  the  territoiy  «f  Indiana,  befme  thtit 
territory  was  divided,  and  subseqitently  in  the  territory, 
orMichigan,  hft  has  held  and  filled,  with  respect  and  fi-. 
deiity,  some  of  the  fa'st  offi.ccs  in  those  two  territories. 

Such,  f6r  example,  as  a  justice  of  the  peace  and  a  judge  » 
of  the  common  pleas  in  the  Indiana  territory  j  and  sub-  - 
sequently  marshal  of  the  tei^ritory  of  Michigan,  i 

In  all  these  offices,  sir,  and  in  every  other  situation  m  ■> 
which  doctor  Scott's'  pubHcfc  and  political  character  has  . 
been  or  can  be  viewed,  he  has  uniformly  manifested  an  , 
undoviatiiig  attachment  to  the  principles  of  our  conatitu- 
tion,  and  the  administration  of  this^overnment. 

His  support  in  the  present  cause,  during.the  time  that  - 
General  Hull  lay  at  Sandwich  .and  Detroit,  was  not  out- 
done  by  anrpersoa  whatever^  .  In  fact,,  it  was  his  unwea- 
ned  exertions  that  have  provoked  and  spirit^dL  up  the 
Jintith  to  that  line  of  conduct  and .  persecution  the v  arc 
now  persuing  towards  him.-.  '  ' 

Proctor,  who  sent  him  from  Uetroit,  jind  Fir"  Georire 
Prevost,^wh6,received  him  at  Fort  George  and  forwarded 
him  to  Quebec,, threatened  to  treat  him  with  aU  the  jever- 
iiiesautKorisud.bytli^lawsof  faalions,  and  the  usage* of 
war,in  cases  of  an  actual  bona  fide  British  subiect  found 
in  arms  against  that  government, r. 

I  do  not  for  myself  however  entertain  a  belief  that  the v 
will  dar^  to  put  their  threats  in  execution  to  their  full  ex- 
tent -.But,  sir,  without  the  interference  of  the  government 
hls^fT  o^^'Ti'*^  during  the  war,  and  they  will  make 
his  life  so  wretched  and  miserable  that  death  would  baa 
welcome  messenger.  ^ 

.hhu?^'  fv!'  ^^^  °"^^^«  will  be  a  sufficiehi  apology  for 

thl  nunX   OF  'r'^T'l^-^  "J^°"  y°"*     I  am  amongst 
the  number  of  those  who  have  not  thi.  hnn,..,.  «f  «  ^L 

sonai  acquaintance  with  you.     But  g'eu'eiil  Taylor  wla 
too^-  tor  as ihe  bearer  of  it,  is  agenaeman  to  whom  I 


BARBARITIES  OF 

^-i'  Son.  Jan.,  Monro.,  £,,.  '^-  ^^RUStt. 

•Mxtract  of  a   tftt       ^        '^  ■  . 

tf  ««/f,  dated  ■'  "'  ""I'A^  to  the  Secretary 

commanded  by  capfaj^  h  '^^  J"'"""  »>»  th,  a  privateer 

here  inconsequence  of  hh  Lf„°°P"'  'T"'  be   detained 
taken  the  oath  of  XsLm-!  i      ??'  P'^'^'ous  to  the  warT 

'■«)  and  commanded  ITsL,  '^  H^"'"'  (^"va  Sco'' 
Mr.  Light  was  lieutenant  of  h"'  -^  '"'  P'""  •CH''«&x) 
fcy  the  Nymph,  the  ml  May,?8  P';!^;"''"  *''««  capturei 

fol.  fV.  Seott  tTT^Se'eretary  of  War 

5«~r  think  it  my  ^T'^'C uT""^  ^°'  '8'3.  : 
went,  that  w  the  arrival  «n  ,,'*''  .^*'°^«  the  Depart- 
oners  of  war  su-^endem  «  oreent"'"'^  '^merican  ?,ri^. 
tered  and  examined  by  BritUh '^ffi  "'  '^^^  ""'^  «"»- 
duty,  and  every  native  Wn  „f°.'?'=*™  .Winted  to  that 
Great  Britain  and  Irelan).  "'^  ""■'«*  kingdom  of 
a  ship  of  wartlien  inT^lT,'"'"'*""^  Sent  f  n  toar<i 

days  thereafter  »ai°ed  for  EnXn  ""■'•  J""  ^""'e'  «  a  fe,v 
board.  *"  ""^  England   w,th  those  persons  0.1 

were  known  by  their  nk?„   o*  Ireland,   several  of -rtom 
i^ens  of  the  United  Stett.      "i^'T  '°  ''^  naturalized  c°N 

residents  wi.hi„"tKme.'  ottZ^"^ }'"''  l'^- '-S 
has  escaped  me.  be^iH».  I,  -^ '"  P^"cular,  whose  name 

di.i.ns  of  ornatultattnT  '°'"P''*''  ™'">  «"  the  ^^t 
officers  to  have  left  a 'wlfcand  fiv^.  !"f  f''»^«<='i  hy  his 
were  horn  whhin  the  st«e  of  "itl'oT'"'"'  "'  °^  "'*'" 


e  a  pretty  cc(r, 
cott. 

E.  BRU§H. 

£aq.  agent  /or 
the  Secretary 

28th,"  1813. 
t  for  prisoners, 
^>  a  privateer 
'  be    detained 
IS  to  the  war, 
'i   (Nova  Sco- 
ace  .(Halifax) 
hen  captured 


War. 

/30,  I8I3.  : 
the    Depart- 
nerican  pri»- 
y  were  mus- 
inted  to  that 

Wngdom  of 
2nt  on  board 
ssel  in  a  few 

persons  oa 

thus  taken 
il  of  whom 
iralized  cit- 
5  been  long 

v'hosename 
fiil  the  con- 
ited  by  his 
^1  of  them 

ficers  who 


THE  ENEMY.  3j 

^pressed  throu^Ti^rge'p^evo  r'^^ri'];''"'' "' 
man  whom  it  miirht  subiert  to  -,   ®^°^^'  ^°,  P^^ish  every 

I  havj  the  honour  to  be,  &c  «*»cgiance. 

^^^^  ,.        '        W.  SCOTT. 

Lieut.  <ror.  U,  s.  fM  artillery. 

^^r.  Beasly  to  the  Secretary  of  State, 

dominions.  '^^  ""*  ''°™  ''»""°  »•>«  BritUh 

Ve-        ,.  ^  »">' respectfully,  tc. 

(Signed)  _      R-  G.  BEASLEV. 

O'^X'ard  H.  M.  ,hitt  NUmur,  lying  at 

t^-'•  sending  us  23  h^re^/X  wtr!  k       ^^^  J^^*®''  «^ 
r'a  *i        1.  »  ^®  ^®^c  born  m  the  British 

fcir,  I  remain  jrour  obedient  servant, 

(Signed)^  HENRY  KELLY. 


'  Hlnrrnkn'^  "*'"*''  °f  "y  fe"owsuflferer,  : 
xieniy  ijianev,  Ma»»u^,..  n/r-... 

■fohaDolton,  JphnFitzgeraidx, 


u 


BARBARITIES  OF 


Michael  Condin, 
Jolin  Clark, 
Peter  Burr, 
Andi-ew  Doyle, 
John  M'Gowan, . 
James  Gill, 
John  Fulsum, . 
Patrick  M'Braharly, 
Mr.  R.  G.  Beaeley, 


John  Wiley, 

John  Donneljr, 

John  Curry, 

Nathan  Shaley^       . 
Edward  M'Garigan, 
John  Dinnue, 
John  Williams, 
^ forge  Johnson. 


£^irae,  of  a  letter  Jr^  AamiraUir  John  Borla.c  Warren  - 
H  the  Secretary  ofStatCy  dated  ^ 

bcr  LTr-J*\'T.'°  '"y'"""  "f  the  30th,  Semem. 
nfenht  ^  "  '^.'""k  '"''tecKhe  circumstance  of  tweke 
fZ^1^Ay^^f'^^  Guerriere,  taken  oiitofVcirtel  bv 
commodore  Rodgers,  and  iHegally  detained,  upon  the  pre^ 
ttxtofs.:,  others,  who  were,  sup,,oj.ed  to  beSritish  sub 
ects,  having  been  sent  to  the  united  kingdom  fcr  examt* 

for  their  discharge      liiJ^If  Halifax  with  orders 

7 he  Secretary  of  State  to  Jldmiral  Warren, 

t.y.  Extract,  flitted,  Anril  16  *'fti  « 

«  It  appears  by  your  letter  (of  the  8  h  of  Mw-ch  fm™ 

Bermuda)   that  five  only  of  the  seaman  .J.,  '    ,  "^ 

on  board  the  Nautilu»a„d  °e,it  to  En^and  in?f  fi'  '""" 

bave  been,  returned.     No  account  is^n  of  hf^r"' 

tlOn,  as.arrnivHnnT.^  ♦!,.  _:.^.         *  .°^  ^"®    *^^«Se  of  hiS  dctcil- 

■'     "  ~"^"' "'^"^  '-"  "^'  ^i^xumsiancts  oi  the  case,  regard- 


'K,' 


rlase  TVarren  ■' 


AhE  ENEMY. 


fng  the  conduct  of  the  British  government  towaM.  a 
Ka„  seamen  u„.er.i.„i,„  cW.L.uTZ':^^^: 

Encoded  1 5.ml  you'TdTjcSof'fh'"  ^''P'"  ""'• 

our  little  crew,  who -hove  been  rdebasdanT':'''-'""  "^ 
a»  to  enter  the  senir,    ^f  ,        "eoased  and  traitorous 

those  g=a,antfe«o;T^.:^;::;^rr;Mt'''\"^''''^ 

have  lost  their  lives  ii.  •  he  si  •  iL  nf  .",  ^*  '"=^"  "» 

whose  .«isrortt,„i  it  has  ^^.T::o.:[i:Z:T^'''  """ 
p.c.on  of  their  being  BriUsh  subiem^^ouifof    hf       ?""" 

.  «a  and  anficipuied  To  leJu^e     "^     '^"■"''  "''^  "1"'"'^  ""P" 
asi^ned)  ^^^  F.H.  BABBIT. 

.  ^  tisr^fmtn  mid  to  have  entered  on  board  tU  B   M   f  ■ 
ate  tihannon.  Commodore  Srote.     'l^Jlt^^,^'^^ 

.  ches\T,h^^the?eaZur'anr"  '•»  '^^"'"'^'^y.  ^  ^-t  ft  in- 

en.t"ed  luh'llTrri'n^r  ^  '"'=''? '^e"'  '"SC  mouth. 

addrcssedTo.  is  aJdre"  s,^f a'n  „7  ^^"^'  ^'T  ^°''''  '  ^''^» 
I,  u.  IS  auai  easing  an  officer,  casts  down  his  prp. 


Thi>i  iistli  not  rc€ch 


ved. 


,^ 


BARBARITIES  OF 


For  l)ii  particulap  description,  as  well  as  that  of  John  Rose, 
marins,  about  5  feet  8  inches  hig;h,  brawn  hair,  full  face, 
thick  set,  and  a  scowl  in  his  countenance,  refer  to  captain 
John  l^il. 

JohW  O'Neal,  seaman,  about  25  years  of  age,  5  feet  S 
niches  hiph,  dark  hair,  sharp  face,  dark  eyes,  thick  set, 
and  was  shipped  at  Norfolk,  Vir.  previous  to  your  taking 
connmand  of  the  Nautilus. 

William  Jonrs,  orderly  seaman,  about  5  feet  8  inch- 
es high,  lij^ht  hair,  24  years  of  age,  full  face,  thick  set, 
down  cast  look,  and  is  a  very  alert  man  j ''entered  at  New 
York,  Aprtl  last. 

(3igned)  ,^^^^  ^        F.  H.  B. 

Sir  John  Bor'ase  Warren^  to  Mr.  Monroe* 

Halifax,  30th  5tf/^^  1812, 
Sir — Having  received  information  that  a  most  unau- 
thorized act  has  been  committed  by  commodore  Rogers,  in 
forcibly  &ei,zing  twelve  t^ritish  seamen,  prisoners  of  war, 
late  belonging  to  the  Guerriere,  and  taking  them  out  of  the 
En^ieh  cartel  brig  Endeavour,  on  her  passage  down  the 
harbour  of  Boston,  after  they  had  been  regularly  embarked 
on  board  of  her  for  an  excharjge  agreeable  ^o  the  arrange- 
ments aettled  between  the  two  countries,  anld  that  the  said 
British  seamen,  so  seized,  are  now  detained  on  board  the 
United  States'  frigate  President,  as  hostages  ;  1  feci  my- 
self  called  upon  to  request,  sir,  your  most  sorious  attention 
to  a  measvrc  so  fi-aught  with  mischief  and  inconvenience, 
destructive  of  the  good  laith  of  a  flag  of  truce  and  the  sa- 
cred  projection  of  a  cai^l.     I  should  be  extremely  soriy 
that  th€  imprudent  act  of  an  officer  should  invohe  conse- 
quences so  particularly  severe  as  the  present  instance  must 
naturally  produce  it  rtp^eated  :  and  although  it  is  ytrv 
much  my  wi&h,  during  the  continuance  of  the  differences 
existing  between  tW  two  countries,  to  adopt  every  mea»- 
ure  that  mi^ht  render  the  effect  of  war  less  rigorous,  yet, 
in  another  point  of  view,  the  conviction  of  the  duty  I  owe 
my  country  would,  in  the  event  of  such  grievances  as  I 
have  already  stated,  being  coptinued,  not  admit  of  any 
hesitation  m  retaliatory  decisions ;  but  as  I  am  strongly 
persuaded  of  the  high  Ubcialiiy  of  your  sentiments,  and 


THE  ENEMY.  ^y 

Aal  th*  act  complained  of  Iia»  originated  entirely  with  th*. 
officer  who  committed  it,  and  thaf  it  will  be  ascensumblc 
in  your  consideration  as  it  deserves,  I  r.lv  noon  vnn.^ou 
ingsuch  steps  a.  will  prevent  a  recurr^nWcoX.  . 
extremely  reprehensible  in  eveiy  shapcr  '*"'^'**'^  ■** 

I  have  the  honour  to  be,  8cc. 
(Signed)  JOHN  BORLASE  WARRFV 

His  excellency  James  Monroe,  Esq.  ^     '* 

Secretary  of  State* 

Mr.  Monroe  to  Sir  John  Borla%e  Warttn 
c         T  u     \.  ^^Mrtment  of  State,  Ovtober  28  *I  a  1 9 
Sin— I  have  had  the  honour  to  receive  vo.,ril;;       r\ 
CJOth  September,. complaining  tLt  commXcTd^ 
commanding  a  «quadi.,n  of  the  United  S^^rn'v^^,'^^^^^^^^^ 
port  of  Boston,  had  taken  twelve  BHriuh  c-,    ^     \  '"® 
belonging  to  his  Britannick  Ety 's"  h  J  4e  Ou"er  f  "^ 
from  a  cartel  in  the  harbour  of  Con,  and  that  hTZT" 
«d  them  on  board  the  Presidttit,  a  friRate  of  iKpII^'^* 
Sutes,  as  hostages.  ^        '  ""  United, 

1  am  instructedto  inform  you  that  enauirr  sh=.ll  k 
into  the  circumstances  attending  and  u"2"  all,  in  k"'"'' 
cluced  the  act  of  which  you  complain  and  ?hn?  "'!"''?«>- 
«reswill  be  taken  on /lt„o3roV"^Vm»m,  ">««- 
port  with  the  rights  of  both  nation*,  and  mfy'L  n^' ""?" 
the  case  to  which  they  relate.  ^      Vto^t  m 

1  beg  you,  sir,  to  be  assured  that  it  is  tfc.  .i„_         .    . 
of  the  President  to  see  fand  to  piomoi  1  r '"°''*  ''•''"•* 
«n  the  United  States)chat  th^C^Mch    "4'^  &" 
ot.countr.sbe  conducted  with  the  u.most';"g:frd''to7u'; 

I  have  the  honour  to  be,  &c. 

commander  in  chief,  t!fc.  ' 

„-!!"-?  hwe  the  honour  to  annex  alist  of  tw.iv-  „r  .t. 
—  «.  uie  lai^united  States'  sloop  of  war  W»^p,ii^ 


33 


BARBARITIES  OF 


f. 


cd  by  captain  John  Beresford,  of  the  British  ship  Poicticrs. 
urder  the  pretence  of  their  being  Bi-iti^h  subjects. 
I  have  the  honour  to  be»  &c. 

Th.  M      T>    ,1^     .    vGEQRGE  S.  ^Nl^^, fturser, 
Ihe  Hon,  raul  JfatmltoTtf  Secreiary  qfthe  A'avy, 
Lidt  referred  to  in  the  preceding  note! 
John  M*Cloud,  boatswain,  has  been  in  the  service  since 

1 804.    Married  in  Norfolk  in  1804  or  5,  and  has  a  wife 

and  four  children  there. 

John  Stephens,  boatswain^  mate,  has  been  in  the  service 
nve  or  SIX  years 

George  M.  D,  Read,  quarter  master  has  a  protection,  and 

has  sailed  out  of  New  York  and  PhUadclphia  for  several 
,   years, 

William  >IUcbdl,    seaman,  Jame  Gfldir|ght,di».    John 

Wright,  do.  Thomas  Phillips,,  do.  Peter  Barron,  do. 

John  Connor,  orilinaiy  seaman,  John  Rose,  do.  George 

,brooks,  do.  Dennis  Lot gherly,  marine,  the    greater 

,mimbcr,lf  not  ah,  had  protections  at  the  time  of  entering 

and  being  tdcen.    ,Two  others  were    detained-John 

:\Vade  and   fiiomas  Hutchins^;  but  were  given  up,  the 

;  foriper  on  capt.  Jones'  assuring  capt.  Beresford  he  knew 

him  to  be  a  native  citizen  ;  the  latter  on  a  like  assurance 

irom  D.  Rogers. 

"^PT  n^"r  ^'^^  "^^^  '"^  ^*^«  ««^^ice  during  1 805  and  6. 
;\4n  the  Mediterranean. 

M'    ;.     ,      n-      r.     ^^^^^JE  S.  WISE,  ^wr«^r. 
Mashizi^ton  City^  December  17,4812? 

mctraxt  of  a  letterjrom  Major  General  PinckneUr^  the 

.Secretary  at  lVa.r,dap.d 

1% '*»  Quarters, 

,,  T  r  .      ,     .^"^^^^s'^o-"*  November  4,  1812. 

_  ^^Jnformation  having  been  given  upon  oath  to  lieuteaant 

Grandison,  who  at  present  commands  in  the  naval  depart- 

ment  here,  that  six  American  sem-en,  who  had  been  tak- 

l'lfcnT"^'^''^^^''«'•H^p''*^^^^^^«^^^  ^^^^  sent  to  t. 

Zn  th^  n  I'^f.^l^''^'^}^  ^:^^ms  for-  ti-eason,  he  called 
vUUon  the  marshal  to  i'eta»"  Ar^„ut^  ^l.-.  ^  __• .  .  ^ 

^.men  as  hostages.     The  marshal  in  consequence  of  Tn" 
suuttaon,  from  the  department  ot  state,  asked  my  sdrice 


rat  ENEMY. 


3^ 


I  the  service 


oh  the  subject,  and  I  have  given  nayopinion  that  they  ought 
to  be  detained  until  the  pleasure  of  the  President  shall  be 
ktiown.  The  testimony  of  captain  Moon  is  herewith.  I 
hope,  SIP,  you  will  have  the  goodness  to  have  this  business 
put  in  the  proper  train  to  have^  the  President's  pleasure  on 
this  subject  communicated  to  the  marshd."  ^ 

Cofiy  ofalttJerfromca/itain  Moonyof  tite  firivateer.  Sarah 

jlnn,  ■  >  ,^,,^.,,     ' 

JVaamu,  M-ui  Providence,  October  14,  rSlSf. 
^  Six  of  the  crew,  claimed  as  British  subjects,  were  thli 
day  taken  out  of  jail  and  put  on  board  his  majesty's  brig  the 
-appho,and  sailed  for  Jamaica,  wh^re  it  is  said,  they  are 
to  be  tried  for  their  lives;  consequenily  I  questioned  each 
respectitrely  as  to  the  place  of  their  nativity,  and  utte  -Jf>^ 
proiccU'.n  by  the  American  governinent,  when  they  stated 
as  follows,  16  wit : ' 

Ti^^'^i^^.^l'^^'  seamen,  that  he  was  born  in  the  north  of 
Ireland,  but  has  resided  in  the  United-States  ever  since  the 
year   1793  j  has  served  ten  years  in  the  United  Sf-tes' 

r^ZVrf- ^""^  T^^^"^/^^  frigates  Chesapeake,  President, 
eonsutution,  John  Adams,  and  schooner  Enterprize,  and 
gun  boat  No,  9.  ^David  Dick,  shoemaker,  in  Alexandria, 

I'  u^.:  .  ^^""^  ^^  ^^°"*  *5^«  ^««t  si''  and  a  half  inches 
high,  dark  hair,  has  a  scar  on  his  left  elbow,  and  one  cm 
each  wrist ;  he  entered  on  board  the  Sarah  Ann  in  Baltic 
more. 

JohnOaul,  seaman,  say.   he  was  bom  in  Marblebeac', 
state  of  Massachusetts,  where  his  parents,  brothers  and  sis' 

nSJJ'r  ""n 'r*  '  '?  '"^'■"^''   '"  N""  York,  and  his  wife 
(Marjr  Gaul)  lives  in  Roosevelt    street.  No.  37  ;  has  a 

Kt'.  .^'^5,''="-p  f'-™  the  navy  of  the  United  State* 
^JFlTl^''^^  ^-  Campbell,  dated  at  St.  Mi.ry',,Oeor. 
fh^n  •  ^"1"^"'.' '^''^  '  '^y^'  ^^  l"s  served  on  board 
frL  .K  ,  '^'•*?  ^?^  '^'''^"'  e«"  boats  No.  10  and  158, 
«rom  the    last  of  which  he  was  discharged.     Gaul  is  27 

fitrf  3'  '"'°"'  ^:^  *■'"'  '"''''  inches  high,  brown  hair, 

iignt  comniexion  :  he  e"*«>««'»'i  --  > » .k/'o  _  »    * • 

BaltimoreV  '"  "    -™-w«  v»  wuaiu  imv  v>a,an  Aim  m 

Balumore  ;  his  parents  are  dead,  but  he  is  known  by  WU- 


40 


BARBARITIES  OF 


liam  Doulan,  Thomas  Turner  and  M'Donald,  of  Balls, 
more  ;  has  a  sister  in  some  part  of  Pennsylvania,  >vhoss 
name  is  Ann  Welsh,  was  never  at  sea  before  ;  never  bad 
a  protection,  Pluck  is  twentysix  years  old,  five  feet  six  and 
a  half  inches  high,  and  has  a  scar  on  his  left  cheek  bone  ; 
entered  on  board  the  Samh  Ann  at  Baltimore. 

Thomas  Rogers,  seaman,  says  he  was  bom  in  Water- 
ir rd,  Ireland,  but  has  resided  many  years  in  the  United 
States,  and  has  been  duly  naturalized,  a  copy  of  which  natu- 
ralization is  filed  in  the  custom  house  at  Baltimore  ;  is 
Inown  by  Joseph  Carey  and  Tom  Rogers,  cork  cutter, 
both  of  Baltimore  ;  has  a  wife  and  three  children  in  Baltl- 
wore  ;  has  lost  his  protection,  but  requests  Joseph  Carey 
to  do  all  he  can  to  effect  his  discharge  from  the  British— 
Rogejrs^  entered  on  board  the  Saralv  Ann  in  Baltimore. 

George  Roberts,  a  coloured  ma*i  and  seaman.  This 
inan  I  had  not  an  opportunity  of  questioning  ;  but  I  know 
him  to  he  a  native  born  citizen  of  the  United  Slates,  of 
which  fact  he  had  every  sufficient  documen  >  together  with 
free  papers.  Roberts  entered  on  board  the  Sai-ah- Ann  in 
Paliimorev  where  he  is  married. 

Somy  Taytnr,^  boy,  says  he  was  born  in  Ilackensack, 
New  JerFcy,  but  has  neither  friends,  relations,  nor  acquaint 
tance  there  ;  says  Jane  Snowden  of  Savannnah^  Geogia,  is 
his  mother ;  never  had  a  protection*  Taylor  is  fifteen 
years  old,  has  brown  hair  and  light  complexion  ;  he  enter- 
ed on  board  the  barah  Ann  in  Savannah. 

RICHARU  MOON. 
Late  commander  of  the  privateer  Sarah  Ann. 

Cofiy  of  a  letter  from  jldmirat  Warren  to  Mr,  Mitthel\  o- 
gentfetr  the  exchange  of  American  firifoners  of  war.  dat' 
td^  Halifax,  ^Ist  October,  1812. 

SiR-«-I  had  the  honour  to  receive  your  letter  and  its  en- 
closures relating  to  Thomas  Dunn,*  and  beg  leave  to  in- 
form you,  that  it  appears  the  said  man  is  married  in  Eng- 
land, has  been  eight  years  in  his  majesty's  service,  and 
'I'ccei'/ed  a  pension  from    government  j  under  these  cir- 

*  Note— The  applicatioa   was  made    at  the  request  of  his  father 
John  Duan,  of  Bostoa  who  transmitted  a   deposition  of  hn  biith* 


'^ 


THE  ENEMY.  4, 

eumstances,  and  the  man  ncv  r  having  made  any  applica- 
lire'stadm    ^^^^^^^e  from  prison,  he  continues  on  board 

,«.        ,'         I  have  the  honour  to  be,  &a, 
(Signed)  JOHN  BORLASE  WARREN. 

Extract  of  a  ktur  from  William  H,  Savase,  late  agent  for 

iT^r;r.;r ''''''''''  -'  ^^'-^^  ^^  '^'^^' 

«  T  fat-  ♦u     lu    "^^ASHiNGTON,  December  1,  1813. 

earlier  period,  b.u  'an  LS  JrentX^vht  h  /^Ss'Tt 
aivare  of,  untU  my  arrival  at  thh  city."      ' 

CofiyofmyUtterto  vice  Mmi7al  Stirling;  commanding  on 

OrZal^:  government  01  the  United  Statea  again"^ 

tie! ce"s'e^i^'a3""f'»"  '  '""  '"""^  "^"^  ">«  "^  «!«• 
Uni..T«?.    "Sentforthe  commerce  and  seamen  of  the 

fhat  ^ou  will  te  iSLT^P"  ""  ""'"^  '°  ""•''«  'he  request, 

of  tU::s:it,teTnVrs:L?f:!fo^d^'.^'' ^ 


|Cj*2 


43 


BARBARITIES  OF 


m 


I  seize  the  present  opportunity  also  to  forward  to  yoif 
twentyone  documentsi,  as  proof  of  the  citizenship  of  that 
number  of  seamen,  said  to  have  been  impressed  by  ships 
of  war  on  this  station  ;  the  greatest  nui^ber  of  which  have 
been  heretofore  unsuccessfully  claimed  by  me,  on  behalf 
of  the  United  States,  and  which  may  .still  comprise  at  this 
time  some  part  of  the  crews  of  his  majesty's  ships  on  this 
station. 

I  beg  farther  to  state  to  you,  that  I  have  received  nu» 
nierous  applications  from  on  board  various  of  his  majesty's 
ships  on  this  station,  for  the  relief  of  seamen,  who  I  doiibt 
not  are  entitled  to  the  protection  of  the  American  govern- 
ment, niany  of  them  havinp:  with  them  the  proofs  of  their 
citizenship,,  as  I  am  led  to  believe  from  the  assertions  con* 
tained  in  their  communications.     Applications  have  aho 
been  made  for  the  relief  of  many  without  success :  the  latter 
amount  in  r.umbar  to  fortysix,  as.per  list  of  names  enclos- 
ed, several  of  whom  I  understand  have  been  shifted  (since 
their  impressment)  on  board  of  other  vessels  than  th(^se 
they  were  at  first  tuken  on  board  of.     All  of  which  I  beg- 
to  ofTer  for  your  consideration,  feeling  as  I  do  anxious  to 
extend  my  last  efforts  ^;;lt>ehalf  of  those  seamen  who  are 
entitled  to  them,  and  at  the  same  time  being  impressed 
Vilth  the  idea  that  it  would  be  foreign  to  yon,  sir,  to  retain 
any  Ameiicans  in  the  service  of  the  navy  of  Great  Britain 
Contrary  to  their  disposition  during  the  pi-esent  conflict.     1 
therefore  take  the  liberty  of  adding  to  my  former  request, 
that  you  will  be  pleased  to  grant  orders  that  such  seanien 
maybe  discharged  from  duty  on  board  his  majesty's  ships 
6ti  this  station..    . 
'  '     With  sentiments  of  the  highest  respect,  &c» 


(Signed) 


WM.  H.  SAVAGE. 


Cojiy  of  Vice  Admiral  Stirling's   Secretary's  letter^  in  an^ 
Bluer  to  mme   to-  the  Vice  Mmiraly  of  the  6l/t  Jugusty 

1813. 

JdmiraVa  FenUi  Aug,  7,  1812. 

Sir I  .am  desired  by  vice  admiral  Stirling  to  acknowl- 
edge the  ^oeipt  of  your  letter  of  yesterday's  date,  and  ta 
acquaint  you  that  diiectiouD  were  givori  some  uays  sgOr 
Ihjit  All  the  men  in  the  sc^uadron  under  his  command,  who^ 


'■^v^ 


THE  ENEMY. 


43 


can  pi'Qvc  themselveslo  be  American  bom  subjects,  should 
be  sent  to  the  prison  ship  until  an  exchange  of  prisoners 
is  established  between  the  two  countries,  in  consequence 
of  the  la.  declaration  of  war  by  the  United  States  against 
Great  Britain. 

I  return  herewith  the  papers  which  accompanied  your 
letter,  And  am  sir,  8cc. 

CHARLES  STIRLING,  Jun.. 

Secretary*- 


Extract  of  a  letter  fr^m  William  H.  Savage^  Eaq.  late  agent 
for  American  aeamen  and  commerce  at  Jamaicayto  Charles 
Stirling^  Jun,  £»q,  dated 

JSng8tonfSefitemier\6ylS\2. 
"  In  an&wer  to  xny  letter  of  tfee  6th  ult,  you  were  pleas- 
ed to  inform  me  that  directions  had  bep n  given  by  the 
vice  admira:!,  some  days  prior  to  the  date  of  my  letter,  for 
the  removal    )f  all  native  Americans  (who  could  prove 
themselves  such)  from  on  board  his  majesty's  ships  to  that 
of  the  prison  ship ;  but  as  some  time  has  now  elapsed  since 
you  were  pleased  to  give  me  this  information,  and  learning 
that  Roine  inst^nccs^fdetjeBtion at  present  exist  on  board  his 
majesty's  schooner  Decouverte,  I  apa  led  to  embrace  the 
subject  again,  as  in  ope  instance  I  sliall  hope  to  satisfy 
vice  admiral  Stirliag:  of  the  man's  being  entitled  to  his  re- 
moval from  duty  on  board  his  majesty's  schooner  of  war* 
The  person  alleded  to  ia  Elijah  Stirling,  an  American  sea- 
man, who  was  impressed  from  on:  board  the  British  mer- 
chant ship  Brilliant,  at  the  bay  of  Honduras,  in  the  early 
part  of  the  year  1810,  by  his  majesty  V  s<;hQoner  Flor  del 
Mar,  and  has  since  been  detained  on  board  of  various  of 
his  majesty's  ships  on  this  station,  although  provided  with 
a  regular  protection,  which  instrument  this  man  got  con- 
veyed to  me  about  the  2  0th  <>f  Sept.  following,  and  which 
was  by  me  forwarded  to  admiral  Rowley,  accompanied 
(as  usual  in  like  cases)  with'  a  request  that  the  man  might 
be  discharged.    On  the  receipt  of  my  letter,  the  admiral 
answered  through  hi*  secretary,  that  the  nature  of  Stir*- 
ling's  impressment  was  sueh  tha,t  he  could  not  comply 
vitii  my  request  i  but  wliich  answer  wa«  u»accompamed 


u 


BARBARITIES  OF 


in  return  with  the  protection  in  question,  and  what  has  b«. 
come  of  It,  I  am  unable  to  say 

mirarRowllvX':?! 'a'" '•''''''  ""''"''^"■J  '""»  -J" 
impressed  f%m  on  taXTfiriti'r'^ '"e  "•""""  "« 
woSld  be  retained  in  ,h^seafo"hU  SrbuTth^; 
^.^Ta""^'™'"  *'"•  should  be5mpri"idf"m  on 

was  that  I  received  similar  assl  .T.    •      '"''  ".'"^ 

tionsmade  for  Americim  L«^tn         I  /""T  "PP"'*" 

,  circumstances,  shrpSltrrSVBrit^hshini^'  T~" 

war,  all  of  which  I  hope  the  admii^al  win  ^.J  i       V 
take  into  co„side,,Uon  ;  ''fo,  .:  MsTon  "e  se'X~of  u^U 
man,  I  thinlc  will  be  a  dereliction  to  the  marked  mtnn.?f 
h.s  amiable  endeavors    to  distinguish  J^drelierj™!" 
can  stamen  from  duty  on  board  thirj^.^™'"*'  Amen- 

command.    1  begto  Ldo^fn^f^r T  Melk^U^' 
late  secretary)  relative  to  »y  appUcatioS  for  tMr^in 
discharge,  and  to  observe,  that  if  it  U  oossfhll   .k      "  ' 

"  I  beg  furthermore  to  observe  that  th*.^^  «^ 

to  be  on  board  his  majesty'^Snt'D 'Ze^^tTo  1" 
cr  Amencan  seamen,  viz  •  Tohn  f««.i  VT  V  ^^°  °^"" 
Lauderkin  ,  the  fonder  ;f;.h:ma!sem"l.f"K  ^'"""^ 
his  apprenticeship  to  the  trade^f »  .„"'  "J"  ^""^'^ 
has  test  his  protecU™,  •  thl7a«,r  H» T^"."  ^°"°'''  I""* 
native  of  Rhode  isS>d,  and  th't  hf.  Zl.^'"''5'°  "^  " 
destroyed  by  Mr.  ofc^omma'ndroTu"  m'ie'tV's 
schooner  Decouverte.  I  shall  not  now  animadverin  U 
impropnety  of  such  a  circumstance;  bunequest  Z,n 
the  mstance  here  cited  be  found  correct.  ?hat  th«  » 
meet  the  attention  of  th«  «;.-.  .A^i^,,,'  *"*'  ^^  '^f 


\ 


what  has  be* 


THE  ENEMY. 


45 


Extract  of  a  letter  from  vice  admiral  Stirling* a  secretary^ 
to  JV.  H  Savage  Esq*  in  answer  to  hi»  tf  the  I6th 
Sefit.  1812. 

JdmiraVa  Penn;  19^M  Si/it.  181 1. 

"I  hav^. just  received  your  letter  of  the  16th  instant^ 
which  I  have  laid  before  vice  admiral  Stirling,  and  I  am 
directed  to  acquaint  you,  that  Elijah  Stirling  and.  othec 
persoas  on  board  of  his  majesty's  schooner  DecouvertOi 
flttid  to  be  American  seamcn>  have  not  when  called  upon, 
produced  proof  of  being  subjects  of  the  United  States,— 
They  do  not  fall  under  the  description  of  persons  which 
I  informed  you  in  my  letter  of  the  Tth  ult.  were  intendeil 
to  be  discharged  from  the  king's  service,  and  to  be  de- 
tained on  board  the  prison  ship  until  an  «:xchange  of  prisi- 
oners  takes  place  with  America, 

"  Tne  note  from  Mr.  Meek,  dated  the  21st  Sept.  MlOr 
is  returned  herewith,  and  as  it  appears  thereby  that  ad- 
miral Rowley  thought  that  the  circumstances  under  which 
Elijah  Stirling  was  impressed,  did  not  permit  him  to  b« 
discharged,  vice  admiral  Stirling  does  not  feel  himself  jus- 
tified in  attending  to  the  man's  wishes  on  a  hire  a^sertlon^ 
The  protection  you  allude  to  is  not  to  be  found:  among  ad- 
miral Rowley's  papers  left  at  this  office.'* 

No.  IH. 

J)ETENTION^  OF  MARINERS  AS  PRIS9NERS  OF 
WAR,,  WHO  WERE  IN  ENGLAND  AT  THE  TIME 
THE  WAR  WAS  DECLARED. 


J,  W^  Croker  to  Mr.  Beasley, 

Admiralty  Office j  Sth  August,  1812. 
Sir — Having  communicated  to  my  lords  commissioners 
of  the  admiralty  your  letter  of  the  3 1st  ultimo,  transmit- 
ting a  list  of  men,  said  to  be  Americans,  who  have  been- 
impressed  and  detained  on  board  his  majesty's  ships,  and 
requesting  their  d^charge,  I  have  their  lordships'  com- 
mands to  acquaint  you,  that  under  present  circumstances, 
they  will  defer  the  consideration  of  this  request. 

I  am;  &c, 
(Signed)  J.  W.  CROKER. 

R,  G,  JBeasley,  Esq.  '  n 


4$ 


BARBARITIES  OF 


^TM 


extract  of  a  Ut,,r  from  Mr.  Bea.hy  to  the  Secretary  of 

State,  dated  "' 

^lll  •""« '"fc™«d  you  that  I  had  addressed  lord  Castle 

wa8instruclecltoreauirf>r.f r«o.u  *  «a"ng»  that  he 

lerviewl  have  suic«  had  wkh  Mr  Cooke    T  tnri,   J 

had  chosen  to  eo  to  war  f  nrt  1 .;  .,  ""  """'''  '  "« 
that  England  ''d'"asT„eh  Hghuo ' 'e'cr^itle^r ^'  "".' 
""vjr,  in  every  possible  mannefas  France/'  ""^  ""** 

'  n 

^r.SeMieytolordCastlereclsh. 

Mr  Lo««     T„       '^'"'^•o''  *"•«'.  Oc/o(S^r  12M,  1813. 
•  .™'f.^0'"> — In  consequence  of  the  war  i,nh=^.,:i 
mu>g  between  the  United  St.(cs  and  gZ  b" iab  "L  .'f 

have  been  in,prefs"d:aX'e"nol' hlrrinXS,^%T''° 
of  his  Britannick  rmi*i;«t*r      t«  „  i  !•;•  ^"^P'^  *^*  ^^ar 

is  done  to  th'te'^;  JbV  i^^^rrtL^Tlf  ^'"'=" 
men,  I  regret  to  stote,  that  some  of  hese  unfnl  . "^  '""• 
sons,  having  heard  of  the  warand  offerLl  ,1  -"i  P""- 
•elves  up  as  Driooner«    h„„„  7  ■  •     "  '°  B've  Ihera- 

.od6serVe,Teenpuiishe<i:  '""  ■*""«'  -'-^f-Ws 
i  o  put  an  end  to  a  proceeding  ami  a  state  of  tk-^ 

J^vclang  to  humanity,  and  so  cLtrL  t!!l     i  5^  ^ 

age  of  civilized  natLno    t       ^°"^^^»^y  to  the  law  and  us- 

o      "*   I'lviuzeci   nations*    I  nersnnHf»  mvrc^ir  ;.    •  . 

cessary  to  present  them  to  the'^U,;  "of  The  «.w-°k'*'  '"" 
-nment,  and  J  therefore  trust  Zl^ilTtJi^^ll^-- 


?   Secretary  of 

rS3,  1818. 

J  lord  Castle. 
av#  been  im- 
naval  service, 
the  treatment 
0  themselves 
they  heard  of 
rt  note  from 
ling,  that  he 
the  men  who 
d  the  vessels 
rnished,  and 
In  an  in. 
[  took  occa- 
hat  the  gov 
oint ;  adding 
world  ;  we 
enemy,  and 
icr  army  and 


^thy  1812. 

•happily  ex- 
itain,  it  has 
uion  to  the 
samen  who 
hips  of  war 
rong'  which 
•f  their  sea- 
'lunate  per- 
p've  thein- 
ov  refusing 

'  thiugsi  so 
iw  and  ijs- 
io  only  ue- 
ritish  gov- 
measures 


.  THE  ENEMY.  ^^ 

r k"  \'^  »~™*^t,*^«ly  taken  to  restore  these  injured  men  to 
liberty  and.to  their  country.  ,  ''  *"«"*o 

/c.       ^N       ^  ^»vc  the  honour  to  be,  &c. 
f^'Sned)  R.  G.  JBEASJ.EY. 

-ff.  Cooke  to  R,  G.  Beasley, 
,,  J  ^^reign  Office,  19  th  October,  1812. 

Jel^TlTT'"''  r'^'^Tr'''  ^°^^  Castlereigh  of 
tlie  12h  inst.  I  am  directed  by  hrs  lordship  to  desire 
you  Will  furnish  me  with  the  names  of  the  American  saiT- 


'Mr,  Beaaley  to  E.  Cooke. 

R.,      4  u,     "  f"^"''  *'"^''  2 ' "  October,  1813,' 

of  .K   T?r^™'"'^'>' '°  "'^  ™1"«"  contained  in  your  letter 
of  the  I9th  mst.  I  now  transmit  to.you  a  list  of  iZrcwed 
Amer.(an  seamen  on   board  British  ships  of  war.  who 
having  heard  of  the  war,  offered  to  give  themseWe,  ..dm 

I  beg  you  to  remind  lord  Castlereagh  that  the  other 
T^^lTl  "l«'"-°f'*«  »2'h  ln««,t,  requesting  the  release 
:UU  u„^n~d"  »'^-  <^«'«-«»  « the  British  service  „ 

.,c-        ,N  lam,  sir,  &c. 

a  he  lt,t  rrfe^'red  to  in  the  fire^eding  letter,  ^tatea  the  cnse^ 

^f  ^hefoliowingfiera^ns. 

John  Ballard,  on  board  Uie  Zenobia,  offered  himself 
aixrisoner,  refused,  and  was  put  in  irons  for  one  night. 

John  Davis,  on  board  the  Thistte,  gave  him^eif  up  as  a 

flogged.'  "  ^^"'''^»  ^""'^  ^*^^^^  ^^  ^^ 

Ephraim  Covell,  on  boavd  La  Hogue,  eare  himself  «d 

Sf  XTr  ""V^'"^^^  ^^^^^^  «er^ic;,^in  co^e^uei^ 
?  u    «    '^**  ^^P^  seven  days  in  irons.  ^ 

John  Hosman*  on tboarrf  1  .a  Wa«^,^  ts ««.    _ 


«9 


BARBARITIES  OF 


Russcl  Brainard,  on  board  La  Hoijiie,  gave  Mm  self  «tt 
«•  a.pnsoner,  was  put  in  irons  and  still  kept  therein. 

Thomas  W.  Marshal,  Peter  Lazctte,  Edward  Whittle 
fiaAks  and  Levi  Younger,  on  board  the  Royal  William, 
gave  themselves  up  as  prisoners,  and  were  in  conscqcnce 
thereof  put  into  close  confinement  for  eight  days. 

...     _      ,  October  12,  \Q12. 

Mr.  Bcasley  requests  lord  Castlereagh  to  cause  the  ne- 
cessary passports  to  be  furnished  for  the  American  ship 
AYilliam  and  Eliza,  captain  Rowland,  to  pi-oceed  to  the 
United  States  with  American  citizens. 

-.     _,     ,  Ottoder1i\,lt\2. 

Mr.  Cooke  acquaints  Mr.  Beasley  that  there  will  be  no 
objeciionto  granting  a  licence  to  a  cartel  for  carrying  to 
the  United  States  such  American  citizens,  non  combatants, 
as  may  wish  to  return  to  their  country.    He  requests  Mr. 

•T-    S^M?.  *"^™*™  '''™  of  the  situaUon  of  thfi  American 
ship  William  and  Eliza. 

Afr.  JBeaatey  to  B,  Cooke, 
T  u  JVimfio/e  Street,  October  23,  1812. 

JMR— I  have  now  the  honour  to  repeat  to  you  what  I 
stated  in  conversation  this  morning,  that  the  persons  for 
whose  return  to  the  United  States  I  requested  the  neces- 
sary passports,  are  for  the  most  part  American  masters 
and  mariners;  that  some  of  them  in  consequence  of  the 
loss  of  their  vessels  abroad,  have  come  here  on  their  way 
to  Amenca  ;  that  others  of  them  having  been  employed  in 

o/hill  f»  ^^'*  k'^  ""^^  ^^'^*^"*  ^  returning, home;  that 
others,  Uirough  the  detention  oi- condemnation  of  their  ves- 

all  the  casualties  to  which  this  class  of  men,  is  always  ex. 
posed,  are  left  without  the  means  of  conveyance.  None 
of  these  persons  liave  been  in  any  way  engaged  in  hosiiU- 
titaLTn^l  ^''''  ^."'^"-     "^'^^^  ^'^  ^^^^^^  wholly  desl 

u*.vAT."«^r  r  ™  *^«»wcu  cviAica.  iaere  are  also,  i  be- 
lieve some  Amencan  merchants  and  supercargoes  who 


THE  enemy; 


49 


arc  anxious  of  availing  themselves  of  the  same  opportunity 
eff  returning  to  their  country. 

You  are,  I  presume,  aware  that  the  American  govern- 
ment has  afforded  every  facility  to  the  departure  of  those 
British  subjects  in  the  United  States,  who  were  under 
simiJar  circumstances  with  the  persons  included  in  my  re- 
quest. 

With  regard  to  the  ship  William  and  EFiza,  in  which 
these  persons  are  to  embark,  I  beg  to  observe,  that  I  am 
w^ll  asiiired  by  those  who  have  charge  of  her,  that  there 
is  no  impediment  to  her  departure. 

•  I  am,  &c. 

'f^S"«^d)  R.  G.  BEA8LEY. 

-.5.  Cooke  to  ie.  G.  Bcailey, 

Foreign  Office^  October  28,  16 12, 
SiR---Having  laid  before  lord  Castlereagh  your  letter 
rcquestmg  that  you  may  be  allowed  to  «end  a  cartel  to 
America  with  citizens  of  the  United  States  who  wish  to 
return  to  their  country,  I  am  directed  by  lus  lordship  to 
express  his  consent  to  this  proposition,  and  am  to  desire 
you  will  confer  with  the  commissioners  for  prisoners  of 
war,  with  regawi  to  the  account  you  are  to  give  for  such 
parts  of  th«  crew  as  shall  appear  to  be  combatants,  wid  oa 
that  principle  must  lie, exclianged. 

CbigJied)  22.  COOKE, 

*,,-,•  -    October  29,  nn. 

Mr.  Beasley  states  to  J.  W.  Croker  of  the  admiralty 
Oflice,  that  lord  Castlereagh  had  referred  him  to  the  com- 
missioners for  prisoners  of  war:  that  he  had  according- 
iyapphedto  them  and  iearnt  that  the  instructions  whicli 
that  board  Jiad  received  from  the  lords  of  the  admiralty 
were  not  sufficiently  explicit  to  enable  them  to  proceed 
m  the  matter.  Mr.Bcasley  requests  that  their  lordships 
would,  be.  pleased -to  give  such  further  directions  to  the 

tranSDOrt  board  as  minrlft  k^  Ihnnrl  nAr^^oo 


knasii  jr. 


October  3 
John  farrow,   of  the  admiralty  office,  informs 


1812. 


Mr, 


60 


bahdarities  or 


Hmley.ihatus  letter  of  the  29il,  October  had  been  laW 
belore  the  lord,  com„u,^ioucr5  of  the  admiralty,  Md  ^t 
the  bu».ne«  had  been  referred  to  the  transport  bk^d!  ^ 

Mr.  Deasley  inform,  Alexander  uZt'oull'lt. 
port  office,  that  he  had  requested  the  lordJof  the      In,  .' 

netcssaiy,  and  presuming  that  these  instructions  would  be 
immediately   ^iven,  requests  Mr.  M'Leav  tMnfrm  hi.^ 

rha:hesh3d"c:::r'  ^--r'"'"'  f-- '■"  ~rsi„'s 

inai  fte  should  confer  with  ihem  on  the  subject 

Alexander  M'I.eay  informs  Mr.  Be^a^Jf/tliat"  he'lf  di 
rected  to  desire  that  Mr.  B.  would  transmUo  the  la^,: 
lort  office  -a  list  of  all  the  persons  whom  Mr    Reaslev  nm 
loosed  to  send  to  America,   stating  their  several  .uaufies 
Bilt Jm"'  "■?'   '"^  ^'"-^  ---Pectively  came    L'o  Gre"; 


r.  Beasley  transmits  to  Alexander  M'Lew    nf  ii,» 

posed    o  send  to  the  United  States  in  the  ship    Willkm 
and  LIUB,  stating  their  several  quali.ics,  and  when  Z 
how  they  respectively  came    into'  Great  BHtainTM^ 
list    contains    one    hundred    and  ten  names.      To  these 
are  added  a  hst  of  six  pei-sons,  being  other  passengers  ta 
the  same  vessel      iVlr.    Bcasley  remarks  to  Mr.  M  W 
'  I  am  well  informed  that  many  persons  of  the  descriV 
lion  and  under  the  circumstances  of  those  mention!Tt 
the  first  of  these  lists  (being  seamen)  whrw're  awaitii  " 
the  result  ol  my  late  application  to  lord  Castlereagh  fo? 
a  cartel  for  their  conveyance  to  America,  have  wifhin  a 
lew  days  past  been  seized  by  the  impress  officei's  and  taken 
on  board  the  tender  of  the  tower  ,  and   1  beg    o  know 
fcgXm ''•  '"'^''"'''••'  °f  ^"'^  Briti^i  gover^iJnt  resect! 


TH£  ENEMV. 


51 


^d  been  laid 
^y*  and  that 
board. 

2f,  1812. 
f  the  trans- 
the  adnii- 
instructions 
»s  would  be 
inform  biw 
unissioncrs 


30,  1815. 
at  he  is  cli- 
)  the  iians- 
leasley  pro- 
tl  qualities, 
inio  Gre^t 


e  awamnij 
5reagh  for 
3  within  a 
'  and  taken 
J  to  know 
nt  respect- 


Mhvember  6,  1812, 
Alexander  M'I.eay  informs  Mr.  Deasloy^hat  he  kad 
itccived  and  laid  before  the  cominissioners  for  the  trans- 
|V5rt  service  tho  list  of  persons  pjo^wsed  to  be  sent  to  the 
United  States  in  the  William  and  Kli^a  cartel,  and  adds, 
*'  In  return  I  am  directed  to  reqviest  that  you  will  inform 
tlu;  l>oard  whether  you  will  engage  that  tho  above  men- 
tioned persons  on  their  arrival  in  the  United  States  shall 
be  cxchan^jcd  for  an  equivalenipiumbcr  of  liriush  sub- 
j(  .4,  who  may  have  f:Allen  into  the  hands  of  the  Ameri- 
cuno.  I  am  at  the  same  time  to  acquaint  you,  that  the 
prisoners  above  alluded  to  mu^t  sign  eni^a^rcments  not  to 
f<crveagamst  this  country  or  its  allies  until  regularly  ex- 
changed." o        / 


Mr,  Beanhy  ivHtes  to  Jlevandcr  JSVLeay, 
«  I   have  to  inform  the  board  that    I  am  wiliin«-   to  en- 
gage  that  the  American  citizens  whom  I  propose  to  sct>d 
to  the  United  States  on  board  tiie  William  and  Eliza  car- 
lei,  shall,  on    their  arrival    there,  be  exchanged  for  an 
equivalent  number  of  British  subjects  of  the  same  descrip. 
tion,  who  may  have  fallen  into  the  hands  of  the  United 
btates   under  similar  circumstances  ;  and   that  the  men 
themselves  shall  sign  ent^.igements  for  the  performance  of 
any  conditions  similar  to  thofie  which  may  have  been  ex- 
acted  of  such  British  subjects  in  the  United  States  ;  it  be- 
ing understood,  that  if  it  bei|und  that  British  subjecl^i,  un- 
der any  such  circumstances,  have  been  suffered  freely  to 
depart  from  the  United  States,  then  these  cn-agements,  so 
i\ir  as  regards  the  corresponding:  classof  Amei  icau  citizens, 
fhallbevoid.     If,  hovvev-^er,  it  be  more   satisfactory  to  the 
board,  that  the  return  or  exchange  of  these  men  shouW  be 
regulated  by  the  principles  recoj^-nized  by  the  two  govern- 
ments in  the  cartel,  wiiich  I  am  informed,   has  been  lately 
concluded  at  Washington,  I  am  ready  to  enter  mto  aa  en- 
gagement to  that  effect.** 

,  J^ovember  \S^  \^\2. 

Alexander  M  Leay  writes  to  Mr.  Beanley, 
«  I  am  directed  tu  acquaint  you  thai  the  prisoners  mc?%- 


55 


Bi^RftARITIES  OF 


tbnedinjijelkt  ti^ansitiitted  by  you  wil!  be  released,  up. 
on  your  e»ii^mg  mto  an  unconditional  eogacement  that 

merica  or  who  may  be  hereafter  taken. " 

-ftf; .  Bcasley  writes  to,  Alexander  M*LeatK 

.rJ^l!\^^'^'^^'''?^  ^*^^^^"'  ^^^°  composed  the  crews 
ff  ships  taken  m  war,  I  Hi  at  aU  times  ready  to  enter  int» 

llSir^Trr'  ^^.^'^^  ^  ^^^  ^"^  '"^^  o^  nations  re! 
^uire.  But  from  thx>£e  whom  your  laws  liave  invited,  or 
whom  misfortune  has  thrown  into  yo«r  country  j  whom 

todepcirtthekmgdQmonthe  conditions  proposed  In  mv 
kueroftherthinst."     But-ifthe  board\via  enter  im^ 
»n  unconditional  engagement,  that  all  British  subjects  wljo 
haT«  been  permuted  to  kaye  the  United  States  since  the 
declaration  of  war,,  or  who  may  be  permitted  to  depaH 
Uiereirom,  ska  1  be  exchanged  for  American  prisoners  of 
var,  I  wiJi  in  like  manner  engage  for  those  American  citi- 
«ens  agreeably  to  your  letter.'*    Mr.  Beasley  adds--."  This 
arrangement,  however,  I  would  make  with  great  reluc- 
tance ;  because  it  would  not  be  in  unison  wkh  thut  spirit 
ofliberal  warfare  entertained  by  the  government  of  the  U 
btates,  and  because  it  would  bring  within  the  influence  of 
the  war  those  who  might,  without  detriment  to  eUher  partK. 
be  exempt  from  its  operatic-  *'  ^ 


A^     »      /  .  »r  •A'bvmA^rSa,  1812. 

Mr.  Beasley  writes  to  Mr.  UamUton^of  the  Foreign  Office 
"  I  niust  beg  leave  to  state,  that  that  part  of  my  note  of 
the  12th  ultimo,  addressed  to  lord  Castler^agh,  relative  to 
American  cuizens  who  have  been  impressed  and  are  nG^7 
held  in  his  majesty's  naval  service,  remains  unanswcrrd, 
1  o  the  reasons  already  urged  for  the  discharge  of  those 
men,  may  be  added  that  of  compelling  them  to  fightagaii)st 
their  country  ;  and  I  need  scarcely  add,  that  as  they  were 
forcibly  detained  before  the  commencement  of  hostilities  it 

would  be  verv  uniniKf-  ♦«  A\e^Ua^^^   *u-^   i 

r     -  '   — -J ----.,. -.:.^..««sgc    isivia  iiiereiy  lo  make 

them  prisoners.    Of  the  number  of  these  unfortunate  per* 


Tip;  ENEMV. 


wri 


aons,  niany  must  be  iu  vessdlcs  on,  foreign  stations  at  ^ 
greut  cUstahce.^  It  is  a  subject  of  much  puWick  interest  in 
the  United  States,  and  one  which  invol\es  the  domcstiq|c 
comfort  and  happiness  of  many  families.? 


■-.i    * 


,  -  'November  24y\ 812. 

Alexander  M  Leay  writer  tp  Mr.  Beasley,  and  after  sortie 
hreliminary  reasonmgy  says  : 
«  The  commissioners  (of  the  transport  ofBce)  are  in- 
structed (by  the  lo*  4s  commissioners  of  the  admiralty)  to 
continue  to  rec^uire  from  you  an  unconditionar  receipt,  as 
prisoners  of  war,  fo.- all  persons  of  this  description,  previ- 
eus  to  their  beinj^  permitted  to  return  to  America.*' 

i  lyecemher  2%y  \8\2. 

*  Alexander  M* Leay  nvrites  to  Mr.  Beasley, 
«  I  ha^  e  received  and  laid  before  the  commissioners  for 
the  transport  service,  &c.  your  letter  of  theisthinst.  anil 
m  return  am  directed  to  acquaint  you,  that  at  present  they 
are  only  authorised  to  deliver  up  to  you  the  Americans 
mentioned  in  the  U^t  transmitted  by  you  on  the  3d  of  N«^ 


JDecember  24,  \B12, 
Mr.  Beasfey  nvritea  to  Alexander  M*Leay. 

«  After  so  long  a  tinie  spent  in  discussing  the  principle* 
and  conditions  of  an  exchiinge  of  prisoners  between  the 
United  States  and  G.  Britain,  I  perceive  with  some  sur- 
prise by  your  letter  of  yesterday,  thai  the  only  persons 
whom  the  bo?Lrd  are  authorized  t»  deliver  up  to  me,  are 
those  mentioned  in  the  list  transmitted  tt>  you  on  the  3d 
November,  wh6/>hough  so  long  known  to  the  board  as 
beingatfarge  In  tKis  city,  have  never  been  d'etained  as 
prisoners  ;  arid  who  have,  ever  isince  their  arrival^  been 
m«aintained  at  the  charge  of  the  United  States,  DurinW 
this  interval,  those  peraons  have  been  partially  dispersed: 
some  fiave  been  taken  up  as  prisoners  ;  some  have  been 
impressed;  and  some  have  otherwise  disappeared.  Others, 
howeYpr,  qnder  similar  cir«?umstances,  have  since  been 
a<lded  :  and  there  how  remain  about  one  hundred  r\zt%<^Ti~ 
Of  these  men,.as  I  undergtJand  tlie  tenor  of  6i    *^ '  ' 


ICT^ 


corrqs' 


Si 


BARBARITIES  OF 


Fn^wt^^rL^oTe  7.^^  '^'1""^'^  *^  ^^^^^^^  ^«*«'"«d  or  taker. 
in  wai,  are  to  be  suffered  to  proceed  to   th*»  TTni<*.ri  f:*^^! 

caMm.ru  'K '*!■> '°«.  but  that  for  the  other*  Leiv^ 
SrTand^^'Tr'';  ,^"  "'"""o  "void  any  further  X 
U  coirec"."^'      ^^  °  k^owjrhether  this  recapitulauon. 

4lexandcr  JtrZeay  to  S.  G.  Beaaley. 

S«-Ihavereceivei^:ffibi?::;'fhe  t" '?'?• 

er.  for  the  t™„.por^  ^rviee.  tl  J^uTleUer  ortrsTh 

nst.  and  m  return,  I  am  directed  to  acquaint  you  that  ft  i^ 

the  .ntention  of  his  majesty's  government  thaf^h  of  the 

jtTer  ofZ  Z"^^   '"  '"'  '"•  "Wch  accomp^L  your 
letter  of  the  3d  of  last  month,  as  beloneedto  vesselVripi^in 

.«i?5*?*'.f'"^"'"'°  the  United  Slates  upon  your  en- 
tering  nto  the  engagemm  which  accompanied  my  kt?r,^ 
of  (he  I4U,  ipst.  but  Umt  for  Americans  who  weVreside^ 
or  trarelUng  .n  thts  country,  or  resorting  hither  for  co^ 

lam,  &ck 
(Signed)  ^^^       j^^^^   WlXKYl. 

n^     r%      \  -Dccemder78.%  1813 

ter  oPthe  sS f  '^  ^^^^.^^  <^hi<^^  accompanied  my  let. 
,on.  n!^  1  ^•^^*''*  "^'^  Rereehe  another  class  of  ne'^ 
sons,  namely,  marmers  who  did  not  bidoiig  to  vt%^\^  Z 

tZlrl^f'""  '-"^  r  ^^^  ^"i"e  ^^  not  ce^h^eVen 
^em  I te  "I-^^'  '"'"  "^"^  ^^ «^«^^  doubtrespecdng 
i.rm«  ?kLT  ^^''™t  -'*  'tJquestitig  to  be  mformed  oS  whal 
terms  the  board  understand  thut  IhW  are  to  be  TnffiL^  f 
iKRmrntothe  y.  Statev'*       m*^'^ '^ney.  are  tojie  suffered  to 

A*^         .        .*  i?^^«^fr89*  1812 

wai^ervtTh'"'""" •'"'"*"*'  "^'"^  »6th  instant,  you, 
-.•.i-v>vav,  jjeisuoswas  »f«  to  be  rel««»ed -uwoft* 


THE  ENEMY- 


JItibnally,»nd  consequently  it  is  necessary  yon  sliould  eiw 
LTb'."     ^      ^  ^,'°"^'"*''*"""^^  the  list  transmitted. 

M-    D      ,  .  ^firuary  ir,  ISISI. 

Mr,  Beatley  to  Alexander  M'l^ttu. 
^.^JaF'^1  '°  your  letter  of  the  9th  inst.  commonicatinB: 
the  rewlt  or  enquiries  made  by  order  of  the-  lords  com- 
misswmrs  of  theadmiralty,  relative  to  the  alledgbd  ill  treat- 
mentofcertMn  seamen  claiming  to  be  Ane^ans,  in  the 
British  service*  in  consequence  of  their  having  requested 

le.tt'rT";^  ?  P"T*"  »**'"'  =»  representedTmy 
«r«  tSiP*:±T*°^*''''  *8thO«ober.Xha»e  to  ot^ 
serve  that  although  the  statement  of  those  persons  and  that 
contamed  «n  yourjetter  differ  greatly ».  {"the  decree  of 
««rrl\?f"*!^  It. does  appear  that  some  s.veritywa8 
exercised  towards  them  on  that  occasion,  and  without  any 
proper  investtgationof^heirclaim  of  American  citizenship, 
^ich,.fesiabl»hed,  should  have  exempted  them,  not  on^ 
from  punishment  but  from  service.    A«  it  maybe Werred. 

wpport  their  claim  their  request  will  yet  bi  complied 
with,  I  have  to  wform  you  that  evidence  ta  that  effect 

was  ong  since  transmitted  to  the  lorfs  of  the  ad^naty^ 
behalf  of  several  of  these  persons."    [Here  follo^^be 

snip,  See. J ,  Mr.  Beasley  proceeds,  «I  cannot  avoid  ex. 

been  taken  of  the  request  made  to  hSd.Castlereagh  k  w 
letter  of  the  13th  of  October,  forthe  general  releie^SJ^ 
Amencan  seamen  detained  in  the  British  servLe!"  * 

Alexander  M^Zeay  to  Si  G.  Btuley,. 

SiR-I  have  received  and  laid  befoK  the  commbsio.- 
•rs  for  the  transport  service,  &c.  your  letterTS^'rS. 

m^^tm^^l.f*'^'''  *"^'°»"'^  relative  to  rt^^dgS 
II  reatment_^of  certain  seamen  claiming  to  be  Americ^T 

-ehavii;,be^=:St:tl^|.^StaS: 


56 


BARBARITIES  OF 


- 1( 


eomminioners  of  the  admi.-aUy,  X  am  directed   by  the 
boai-d  tp  .ransmit  to  you  the  enclosed  copy  of  a  letter 

>^'8neti)  ALEX.  M'LEAY. 

JeAn  Sorrow  to  the  Transfiort  Board. 

Mmirally  Office,  2SIA  February,  lai3. 

of  7h.  iS™*"!?'''"""^'*''"'*^'''^  "y  lords  commissioners 
6f  the  adm  ralty  your  letter  of  the  J  8th  inst.  inclosing  the 

nrsr.i^/  fr<>™  Mr.  Beasley,  ^e  American  agent  for 

^^A    J  °^  "^^ '".  ""» "^"""""y'  *  »  "«  subject  of  certain 
alkdged  cuzens  of  the  United  States  detained  in  his  ma" 

ihii'  V  T'  ^  ''*'''  "  "*  '^omma^ul  to  signify  iheir  lord- 
ships  directions  to  you  to  acquaint  Mr.  Beasley,  that  nei- 
ther  now  m  war,  nor  before,  during  peace,  is,  or  was,  the 
BmiM,  government  desirous  of  having  Ameri^aa^  sea! 
men  m  its  service,,  and  that  their  lordships  will  nowdis. 
uSil^,\ ^  P"^""'  °^  *»■•,  as  th?y  formerly  did  as  neu- 
tre  s,  those  persons  who  cm»  adduce  any  sufficient  proof 
of  their  being  Americans.  .*  if'""' 

itl7ZtlT^"  inform  Mr.  Beasley,  that  all  the  cases 

Sn  ^t?.K^?  '^?"^^  or  are  under  accurate  exam, 
wation,    and  that  such  persons  who  may  appear  to  be 

,^.       ,.  lam,  &c- 

(Signed)  JOHN  3SABROW. 

-Alexander  M'Leay  to  Mr.^easley, 

Tramfiort  Office^  6th  Marchy  1813. 
SIR— 1  am  directed  by  the  commissioners  for  the  trans- 
l)ort  service,  Sec.  tp  inform  you,  that  upon  the  receipt  of 
the  printed  letters  which  were  transmitted  by  you  to  this 
office,  for  th$  purpose  of  being  forwarded  to  certain  sea- 
men  on  board  «f  bis  majesty's  ships  of  war,  they  con sid- 
cr  It  their  duly  to  submit  tiie  same  to  the  consideration  of 
the  right  honourable  the  lords  eommisMQner«  of  *k^  ^a^: 
r*ity,  ^id  to  request  their  iQrdslHps'drrectipns  oi'the"*sub- 


THE  ENEMY. 


B7 


)cct ;:  ana  the  board  having,  this  day,  a  letter  from  their 
lordships  secretary,  of  which  the  enclosed  is  a  copy,  I 
have  their  direction  to  acquaint  you  accordingly,  that  the 
IcMcrs  in  question  will  not  be  forwarded,  and  that  you^ 
eaniiotbe  permitted  to  maintain  any  correpondencc  with 
the  seamen  on  board  of  liis  majcstys  fleets 
^  I  am,  &c.^ 

C^ig^ncd)  ALEX.  M'LEAY.. 

JoAn  Barrow  to  the  TransfiorS  Board, 

^      .  -Admiralty  Office,  Sth  Marchy  \B\%, 

Oemiemen--Tn  reply  to  your  letter  of  the  16th  of  last 
month  enclosing  a  letter  addressed  by  Mr.  Beasley  to  a 
seaman  on   board  his  majesty's  ship.  Porcupiiie,  and  re- 
questing to^  be  ihfbriiied  il  letters  of  a  similar  description 
should  be  forwarded  to  the  persons  to  whom  they  are  ad- 
dressed,!  am  commanded  by  my  lords  commissioners  of 
the  admiralty,  to  signify  their  direction  to  you  not  to  for- 
ward any  such  letters,  and  to»  acquaint  Mr.  Beasley  that 
he  caanot  be  permitted  to  maimain  any  correspondence 
with  the  seamen  on  board  his  majesty's  fleet ;  observini?  to 
him,  at  the  same  time,  that  the  printed  letter  in  question 
contains  a  statement  unfoutidetJ  in  fact>  for  that  neither 
since  the  war,  with  America,  nor  before^  have  their  lord. 
ships  declined  to  release  American  seamen,  admitted  or 
proved  to  be  such,  though  they  have  and  still  do  refuse  to 
release  persons  assuming,  without  any  proof  or  document. 
©i  that  character. 

I  am,  8cc. 
C^igned)  jno^  BARRaW. 

CV^y  ofthefiHnted  cireufhr  ietter  addressed  to  American 
seamen  of  British  ahifia  of  war, 

Londony  1^X2, 

In  answer  to  your  letter  of  the  I  have  to  inform 

you,  that  the  lords  commissioners  of  the  admiralty  having. 

in  consequence  of  the  war  between  the  United  States  and. 

l:rreat  Britain,  declined  to  release  those  American  citizens 

WllO  haVA  hf>An     ItinnnAacA^I   nr\A     ^^^    U -U   i~    ^k        v-t    •.•    . 

Vice,,  there  appears  to  be  no  other  course  for  y«u.  to.  pur- 


au 


BARBARITIES  OF 


sue  than  to  give  yourself  up  as  a  n'-isoner  of  w^^f^  ♦! 
comm^clcr  of  the  ship  in  which  you' are  detained      '  ''' 

'     ,  -^gcnt  of  the  United  States  for  firisonerl 

of  war  in  Great  Britain, 

£xtract>  ofalcterfrom  Mr.  BeUyV.McxandcrM'Leav 

dated  \3th  March,  n\  3.  ^' 

«.nr  ,h  i'""  "''"'*''  lordships'  seeretary  of  the  5tl,  in 
BUnr,  the  boara  are  direoted  to  observe  to  me  t',a7 .. 
printed  letter  which  I  addressc<l  to  cei  tain   /  ?     •  " 

men  detairtedin  the  Bri, Lr^Tyyv  »c^  "i„^  ^'^f,"  ''"• 
umunded  in  faet :  for  that  neithl'r  sinc^-thrwar'^r  a"' 

"a sti'  Tri  'f'-"^'  •'"'^  i'^"'"-  ">'-''*biP»  declined  to  rt' 
1?  :•  „  f  °''*""'"^ '"'"»«'«d  o' Pi'^ved  to  be  such" 
h.  IS  not  n.cessary.to  my  present  pur^se   to  enter  ^,nn* 

hUf^Tr""""  °*' *''«''  lordahips' condTt  J,v  tWs  JtC 

ith  August,  soon  after  the  commencement  Vth"   war    id 
«nswer  to  a.request  made  on  the  3 1st  July  for  ufe  Telea  e 
iIXk-        "!'I^'-^»^"'  American^seamenf in  ,vhich  their 
^i    ril°'"»  beyond^he  mere  declining  to  release  the 

Will  deter  the  conaideration  of  the  reniest  f«r  *u  •  ^ 
lease  ^  or,  in  other-  words,  that  thc/l'^^lfTt  rr  sent 

release.     If  farther  proof  be  necessary  of  their  lordshi„«' 

havms^,  as  Istated  in  my  printed  letter,  Lclir.ed  the  .e,^^^^^^^^ 
of  such  seamen  in  consequence  of  the  war,  I  wmcal?tnr.r 
recoilcct.on-a  letter,  written  by  their  secretary,  o„|e  ^nl 

Jw^  r  °  '  «n.'«P'-e"ed  American  detained  on  boanl  the 
Cordeha,  m  which  they  state  that  this  man  beinranal  en 
tnemy  mmt  continue  to  ^rve  or  go  to  firisoS  %  Z 
other  corroheration  be  wanted,  it  may  be  foundTn  thf  lot 

HUMOUS  applications,  again  and  .^^Z'^^Z  Z  Z 


THE  ENEMY.  „ 

1e«se  of  these  men  ;  seeing  that  it  was  not  until  the  35th 
of  Februaiy,  nearly  seven  months  after  their  lorLhin.  hi  i 
informed  me  of  their  having  deferred  thrcort,  detL,} 
the  subject,  and  nearly  five  months  after  my  fomd  de! 
mand  made  to  lord  Castlereagh,  that  they  ^S  the 
board  to  mform  me  of  their  intention  to  treat  1^  as  nrf 
soners  ot  «rar-^nd  even  this  wasaotdone  Ci'riBht  d^av,' 
after  my  pnnted  letter  in  question  airoears  fn  hZ^  u^ 
on  their  table.  Surely  it  .^as  in't^forgetfi  of'SI 
th^se  circumstances  that  their  l™vi,.k!»»  i  .  ■  ^  ' 
statement  unfounded  in  feet  -for  i^lf  .'■^''^'t'"!  ™7 
they  can,  in  the  mind  of  In"  ^ir^.K  a  dKf •'' '!"" 
pretation  from  that  which  I  have  rflen  them  B?.. V  I" 
these  fact,  hear  on  their  lordships'^ltalmem'j  How  rasf 

10  oe  an   American,  must  cmlimie  to  serve  or  eo   tn  ftw„.- 
support  the  assenion  that  their  lordsbipThave'l.  rfS 
to  release  ^mencan  seamen  adn.itted  or  proved  to  be  such  2 
But  perhaps  m  their  lordships'  view,  to  send  tL\l  r 
5"vice  and  detenUon  in  ship,  of  wano  conf?n.,^ln?-       " 
sons  is  to  release  them       It  «,,:,•  ^^^nnement  in  pn- 

"I  come  now  to  the  consideration  of  their  lordsbins'  nur 
pose,  as  expressed  in  their  secretary's  letter  of  reHh 
ullimo,  to  treat  as  prisooers  of  wa,.  fh«  a  •  '"^^jth 
who  have  been  impressed  ami  LlL-  '^™5';=»"  se^n'en 
Taking  into  vieTtlfe  manner  it-^*^^  ^'■""''  '*'•"'=«• 
person!  came  into  ttV™J,;,"e  B  mL' X^me";' th^ 

lated  in  the  veryact  by  wSfJ.r'F  .  J""''=^  '''"^  "'"• 
within  its  pow/rrand  Utat  tJ!l  '*"""  ■"""  ^"  "^^^ght 
as  any  of  Lu.  remain  ^"u::™:?  ---"  ates  so  long 
they  are  oneververoundrmwi'^?.'  *  f"  W^'n^m  that 
entment  i,  boi!ndf  rt,,  an t  ,h 'fr  ■  '  ''f  ""^  ^"'^''  «°'- 
release.     It  acnuired  tl  .™  -v    ""T^'^'="«  «»d  complete 

violence  ■-  hmXn  canT^  ''  'l  *'"'  'P°'''  "^  «"'''"f''» 
fi,l  w„,V."  Lw"  ^*"  "  ■^"'"n  l-''«ni  as  the  fruits  of  law. 

from  the  lawfuhtess  of  their  detentL^.  .f "  T'y.  Vis» 
unlawfully  tauen  car.not  "0'^^^,:  t'l^Ud^'fo  Tc! 


(0 


BARBARITIES  OF 


'C. 


knowledge  the  pretension  to  su^^h  controul  as  their  lordshlns- 
purpose  implies,  would  be  to  legitimatize  the  act  b/w^^^^^^ 

JmraSulnf  r^"  •  '^'^  ^"^^^"^  governm'ent^s' 
•vl!!.i  •  "^^'\^"^  «"  intention  to  take  then*,  and  this  dis- 
avowal «an  acknowledgment  of  its  obligation  to  restor^ 

^hThit:  r:  r."'^^'-; -^  ^-^^^^  saSeiTom  s 

wnicn  incy  were  taken.     Upon  what  c^mnnfl  i«  if    tK-/ 

^      as  prisoners  of  war  certain  British  subjects  who    havini 
flS  Ih'  k"*".'."  '^'"^'°"" '"  '*'»«  o&rwe',*  found 
raMec?  iXji"V"^  °"'  °^"«'  '""•     B"'  ^^  'hat  were  ™  - 
t^as  det^mtn^^""  "•'  """"'■•JB*^'  ''hat  will  be  thoueht^ 
who  h^^-    k'  '  P"'""*"  °f  *»■•'  "f  American  seamen, 
^ho,haw..gbeen  wrongfolly  taken  on  the  high  seas  and 
iorciWy  earned  into  the  British  service  in  Unfeof  oeace 
ara  fimnd  therein  at  the  breaking  ont  of  a  w^r  do  neher 
.crviceand  fighting  her  battles  ?  The  cond^t  of /ranci 
was  attempted  to  be  ji,sti6ed  by  certainittts  of  Enriand 
which  were  alleged  to  be  equaUy contJa^ t , tlifw  of 
nations.    But  what  j«"tlfication,  what  excuse,  can  be  ,«  «/ 
for  this  conduct  of  Great  Britain  towards  the  Lpressed 
American  „aBien  ?  WhatinfractioBor  the  law  of  Sns 
Hhat  violence  or  injustice  exercised  towa«is  British  subl 

^^LttT^^V'^  "'"  '='•"*'  "<='  ">  retaliate? It 
fK^  tT  !f  i  e*  ^'"^  ""''  spontaneous  permission  riven  br 
Iv!,  S"v  K""!^  »t 'he  commenceLnt  of  the  war"  f^ 
whhl?r-";  *"^J*"=''  "^^'^"y  ^'""""'J  <»e=cription,  fiund 

ST'  AnH  'T"!"""""'  "^  American  seamen  is  to 
whth  rri.  n  ?"l''y 'his  cannot  be  the  indemnification 
which  Great  Britain  otFersThese  unfortunate  men  for  tne 
wrongs  which  she  has  inflicted  on  them,  or  the  rewarf 
which  she  bestows  for  the  service  she  has  «ceived  a  S 

«  To  the  unqualified  prohibiUon  of  all  correspondence 
BriZni  ?y'<='.'^»''.'he  impressed  American  seamen  in  his 
Britannicc  majesty's  fleet,  so  unreservediv  stated  i„  ,K.  i"! 
ler  ot  their  lordships'  secretary  of  the  6th  insVantV  I  mwi" 
conform,  whatever  may  be  my  sentiments  and  f^e  ing"^ 


.t 


their  lordships 
e  act  by  which 
overnment  dis- 
v,  and  this  dis. 
ion  to  restore 
freedom  from 
ncl  is  it,  then, 
ar  ?  Not  ma- 
Bded  with  the 
for  detaining 
who,  having 
c,  were  found 
that  were  re- 
>e  thought  of 
lean  seamen, 
ligh  seas  and 
me  of  peace, 
ar  doing  her 
:t  of  France 
i  of  England, 
i»  the  law  of 
can  beftetup 
B  impressed 
w  of  nations, 
British  sub- 
•etaliate  ?  It 
►n  given  hy 
he  war,  for 
)tion,  found 
turn  to  his 
;amen  is  to 
mnification 
len  for  tne 
the  reward 
^ed  ft  their 

jspondence 
imcn  in  his 

i  in  thAlttf- 


THE  ENEMY.  , 

obtain  information  and  counLa^MT'''''^"''''^"'  *'«•  ^ 
co,Kluctine  themselves  umW.f'^'  Pn>pcr  manner  of 
ficult,  and  on  an  occasbn  S>'   „',^''.'"*'»""''  "">  •»»«  dtf- 

«amely,  how  to  act  w  Je  t-cZUT.r'  ?"'^.'°'«=°>n. 
of  war  beloncine  to  a  m,  J  „  ^  .  T  '°  '*'"'"'=«  ••>  »hip» 
rainst  their  foum«.?lf"f^*^«.*«"='' hostilities  a- 

sense  and  p.-opeS;^/i'r.  ??.'''''"''  '^"''  ""^  good 
ible  with  thei^r  gM^afd  heir  dl^ff  ''V^''  ^"'=°'»Vt- 
after  having  waitid  five  mlmJ,.  •  '"i*  ^^  P*"  '"^  been, 
ao„oftheirlordshios'i^ten.i^V"'''=««  fi""*  commu«ica. 

there  appeared  nomZZ^^^i^^T^''^'*'''"''^-^ 

themselves  „p  as  prisoners  ^f  2?  L„Tvu'^»«^ 
iy  light  to  that  which  thev  auwL     i       u^    comparauve- 
letters  have  related  the  "reS™  ^"  "'^er  mstances  U,eir 
threats  of  punishment    J?^S  ■  """'"  °^"  ^"^  ^hc 

^nexample^d  ha^r^^'^fT^^S.-^-P'-t^  <f  th, 

«ithh?rr5."^4°'j;:f«|««- to  admiral  Hallowe^^ 

oath  that  he  never S-SdanySn*"  ""''"'•'^  ««d«r 
ever  t.  serve  on  boird  the  Inrfip ,  •uf^''''^'"''*'  "-hat. 

BriUsh  vessel,  and  he  has  now  ?effhef,"''  "VJ^""""' 
was  due  him."  "o'* '*"  her,  losmg  what  surges 

SiR-Philips,  a  marineranf  v"''  ^^/  °"''^"-'  J««3- 
as  appears  by  ^  v^ZltotZTf^^'*''F"^'''^^^'<^ 
New  York,  informs  m7thatT'r?-  *°".'  "**'  ™"«<"^  of 

himself  on  board  the  "^no„,  ??"?*?"<=«  •>«  engaged 
atxertain  wages  agrf^C- ^.^Ift?'''''''^^''' '»°»'''» 
month5,in  said  vessel  »n-l  J '  !  ^^  ''"*  "o*  beer,  eieht 
Jtes.  but  th.  1.!?-- V  "".^ ''^•nands his discharsre  ar'!? 

'eqUestyoT;;mw;r;'luTs^T'f^?'''V°"'^"'»~^^^^ 
j^  .        "'""'s^^.of  the   &«,  aodif,  M 


'*'  BARBARITIES  OF 

Jhe  m^arincr  st,te,.  order   hU„   to  be  paid  off  and  ^i.. 

rsi^«,.^^  PePBiit  me  to  assure  you,  &c 

(S'gned)  ROBERT  MONTGOMERY 

.BrS:"'"  "'""'""'  ^'"^^  '^''""™''  ">y^  "•vr  of  Great 

Mmiral,  HalloZeflo  Mr.  Ahntgomery, 

a,  majesty;  Mfi  Malta  in  Mu2l Bay, 

the  23d.    As  thc?e  ifn„T   mentioned  i„  your  letter  of 

.h.  station  o;mt:n"f^„^tdTvV.°s:iort^rr  ^5"^  » 
and  as  he  has    sicned  artJi '/*'*' °'^""'"'«««"P''on, 

to«d  the  IndefSL,  I^ta  1  ll'^'''*.'""'l"'  «"'  •"• 
continues  in  her :  but !,<•„-!  .  -  ""  '  ''""  "''''« '« 
shall  deem  U  mj  duty  to  Ukc  hoTd  o/hf '*  '"'-  '"'"^''"^e  I 
confinement  as  a  prisoner  of  !tar!  '  """  P"'  **'■"  '» 

YSio-neth        '  ^ ''*"« 'he  honour  to  be,  Sec. 
,<b.„necl)  UKNJ.  HALLO  WELL. 


No.  IV. 

•er  taking  out  the  crew  fired  and  blew  Lthtr  '""'^'^^ 
e.sht  impressed  American  sealn  ;:.:^'^:„^'X' crt 
Of  the  (iiiernere  who  wpr#»  nKo..af^^       «»»"wiig  me  crew 

«!so  on  board  the  Const  m  ion  t  the  ari  ^''^"-  ^  '"'" 
of  the  Java,  and  was  sent  on  board  tha^"°"  7^  ?P'"''* 
.he  crew  were  removed,  et  heron  firt  ITm  '  ^".''  "^'^ 
Amongst  the  crewof  the  C  thTrte'ln  ill^itl ''/L'l?: 
-..«vmea  we.e  found,  three  of  whomTad"e.Umrii.* 


rm  ENEMY.  ^^ 

I  navy  of  Great  |     ^^'^^  Poughkeepsie,  April  1 6,  1 8 1 sT *  "^^^"-^^^• 

DtJTCHEaS    COUKTY,  S8. 

ItiVt^ofNe^^^^  being  sv^orn,  saith  that  he  i,  a  na- 

ZJ\vl^Z  P^*'^'  Wosite  Pouglikeepsie,  that  he  sailed 
fiom  \V ilifimgton  about  the  28th  of  Aoril    lam   Z    i       \ 

bug  Warren,   Wiliian.  Killy,  c^^infC  'on'tl';^. 

homeward  passage  in  September  following,  Llutimnr^^^^^^ 
td  and  taken  on  board  the  Pcacorlc  a  ft  .  » ;lk    i'  '^**™P'^®ss- 
Hnd  compelled  to  do  dutV     ^^P"*^*' *.,^^*^»»h  sloop  of  H..r, 
col  K^    i"^'  «="  to  uo  duty.      Tnat  while  on  bou-d  that  ves. 
^el  he  ni.de  many  unsuccessful  attempts  to  write  to  hL 

to  be  put  iatr,n,i  we  were  the.,  kept    ..  irons  al^n?  9; 

^•rbneJ  ?  ""•  *ef«  ^ken  out.  b.out^ht  to   he  gat-wa! 
s.rpped  of  our  clothcs.cVrf  a„d  ^,uXa,  <-uJ,^„,  ^     *' 
oW  o  Aa//  laaAe,,  u^dfiut  ,0  duty    ""''   '"'''  """  ''«"• 

and  that  they  did  no*  wki    ■    «   i  American  ship 

The  captaio  ordered  u^  -  *''"  "«"'"''  "'"■■  """"-y- 

'y.  to  blow  our  h.':inr'out;'»l"'"1.r ;'%''"'  "«- 
by  Stone,  who  then   HpH  o  ^^  »  ^      ^    *     ^^"^^  4»nswered 

ooui  place..    Wethcn  cor.imued  .t  uurpkcesaiidwere 


6* 


BARBARITIF.S  OF 


compelled  to  fight  lill  the  Pe.cock  struck  ;  and  we  wer, 

RICHARD  X  THOMPSON, 

n      LI         .      .  mark 

Fonghkccpsic,  April  17,  1813. 

Read  over  and  signed  in  presence  of 

JOSEPH  HARRIS. 
JOHN  S.  lUEAW. 

BUTCIIESS    COVNTT,  SS. 

1  J^nnT'"""'''''"''  ''""'?  '"'"•"'  '«!"',  that  he  is  ana. 

Idou  of  n"  TT-'  "T''''  P""Shkeepsie,  that  he  sail- 

eu  out  of  New  York  in  ihc  month  of  April,  1 8 1 2,  in  the  shin 

Minerva,  bound  to  Ireiand  ;  that  on  herhoS.dbc     S 

pa^uge,  m  J„Jy  after,  this  d,poncl>t,  wiX  th    e  oT 

American  seamen,  San„,el  Davii,  Wn  .  Young    and  Jol,^ 

Brown,  w.rft  impressed  and  t..ken  on  board  of    he  B.id  h 

,  U..p  Actcon,  David  t-mith,  captain.     We  «"re  taUen  ol 

Saturday  evening  ,  on  Mrr.d.y  mon.ing  we\vere  t  oLht 

o.l,e  gangway,  and  informed  we  mustlnter  on  boa  d  tl " 

ship  and  live  as  other  seamen,  or  we  shouU  live  on  oatmeal 

and  water  and  receive  five  dozen  lashes.    IM.Is  de^cnent 

lefu'se  t^rn^"'  "?'  <«!>«='-  ''^■•^  •"•prised  with  Z^Z 
.  efuse  o  enter,  and  each  of  them  were  then  whipped  five 
dozen  lashes.     On  Wednesday  following,  we  were "■>»  » 
all  brought  up  and  had  the  same  offer  .nade  to  us  to  ento 
which  we  refused,  and  we  ivere  again  whipped  four  doz, 
en    ashes  each      On  Saturday  alter,  the  like  offer  was 
made  to  us,  and  on  our  refusal  we  were  again  whipped 
three  dozen  lashes  each.    On  Monday  following,  still  re- 
fusing to  enter,  we  were  again  whipped  two  dozen  each— 
Un  \\  ednesday  lollowing  we  were  again  whipped  one  doz- 
en each,  and  ordered  to  be  taken  below  and  put  in  irons 
until  we  dKl  enter  ;  and  the  captain  said  he  would  fiunM 
/he  aamned  iankee  rmcuh  until  t/iey  did  enter.      We  were 
tnen  put  in  irons  ;  and  laid  in  irons  three  montts.     Uur- 
mg  tlie  time  of  our  impressment  tie  ship  hud  »n  action 
and  captured  «  French  sliip.     Before  this  i^rtimi  m-  ,vr.,e 
taken  out  of  irons  and  asked  to  fight,  but  we  refused  ;' and 
after  the  actiou    we   were    again  ironed,  v.beie    we  re- 


THE  ENEMV. 


and  we  were 
'0  years  and 


05 


MP  SON. 


/ 


HARRIS. 
iiiEAR. 


It  he  is  a  na« 
that  he  sail- 
ly  in  the  ship 
ijwai  cl  bcund 
three  other 
U,  and  John 

the  Biitibh 
•c  taUen  on 
ire  brought 
n  board  the 
on  outmcal 
3  depcnent 
th  him,  did 
iipped  five 
were  again 
is  to  enter 
i  four  doz^ 

offer,  was 
n  whipped 
g,  still  rc- 
en  each. — 
;d  one  doz- 
Lt  in  irons 
Ad  {lunish 

We  were 

hs.     Dur- 

sn  action 

ised  ;  and 
e    we  re- 


mained utitil  the  ship  arrired  at  London.  After  arrlvinj; 
there  we  first  heard  of  the  war  with  America,  and  that  the 
Ouerriere  way  taken.  This  deponent  took  his  shirt,  Sam- 
uel Davis  and  William  Young  took  their  handkerchiefs, 
made  su  ipes  and  stars  for  the  #.merciui  colours,  and  hung 

It  over  a  gun,  and  gave  three  cheers  for  the  victory - 

The  next  morning  at  6  o'clock,  we  were  brought  up  and 
whipped  two  dozen  lashes  each,  for  huzzaing  for  the  Yan- 
kee flag.  Shortly  after  this  we  were  all  released  by  the 
assisstance  of  the  American  consul  and  ctptain  Hall,  who 
knew  us.  -• ,? 

This  deponent  further  saith,  that  all  had  protections,  and 
showed  them,  and  claimed  to  be  Americans  at  the  time 
they  were  impressed., 

JAMES  TOMPKINS. 

Sworn  before  me  this  17th  day  of  Apiil,  1813,  at  which 
time  the  said  James  Tompkins  showtd  me  his  wrists 
which  at  his  request  I  examined,  and  there  appeared  to  be 
marks  on  boih  of  them,  occasioned,  as  I  suppose,  from  his^ 
having  been  in  irons* 

WM.  W.  BOGARDUS, 

J^ustice  of  the  Peace. 


^.  V, 


VIOLATIONS   OT    fLAOS    Of    IVLXJCE, 

Montreal  Prison^  6t/t  May,  1 8 IS. 
^J^-"!  am  an  unfortunate  American  who  was  taken  by 
the  Indians  on  my  way  to  Maiden,  with  a  flag  of  truce  from 
general  Harrison,  on  the  night  of  the  5 1st  January  and  af. 
tcr  a  variety  ^f  indignities,  too  tedious  to  mention,  I  was 
broagtot  here  and  put  into  the  dungeon  for  33  days,  and 
have  been  up  on  the  centre  floor  a  week.  I  wish  to  ace 
you,  If  possible,  and  have  your  advice.  Sec.  8cc. 

In  haste,  your *»,&€. 

*^Am  UEX  M'KEEHAN^. 

Surgeon't  mate  2(/  rrgt,  Hd  hig.  Ohh  Militm, 
Lieutenant  Dudley. 


66 


BARaARITIES  OF 


that  the  nature  of  U  cSlni  h'^l? '' ''°''  '"'''"•"'«'i  "e 
orders,  and  colonel  LethbS  wL  rt  ''•'"".  '"'""•'"y  ""'" 
™y  liberty.  I  was  also  h^rmeV .?  /""  '"  ''''""'•o  ">« 
would  probably  in  a  few^,"f™"',  '^^^^^^  and  myself 

CoLLethbridgetoWrae  heV„t,L  '^  !['«  United  Slates, 
and  take  my  j^Je  In  les^ran  ""k'^"""""  ^  o'clock, 
J^ton  called  a^  said  tl  c  tovp^t   ""^ /our,  major  Shack- 

next  despatches,  to  send  or  aTL       P""""^*  '''"'  the. 
case^  and  then  1  wo„W  hi;:':  he?.^„f  P«"  '«'«tag  'o  m^ 

"htd/°Hrh:u^:L^;otrr''>;r- '-otyet  abo,. 

s»*on  much  grfcatcr.  ^^''"'^^^  ^«  their  compas-~ 

•  ,  Tour's,  &c. 

Major  Shackleton  also  tolf  t^!^^^  M'KEEHAN. 
unautKorized  to  tel?  me  ^  h^lScl!'     ^"^^f^^^  ^«es  was 

tieutenat  Dudlejr.  ^  M*KEEHAN. 

.SxH^I  am  requested  b/iS^ 
^s  pre.sent  unpleasant  suLaon      Het  at  tSi?f?'"'  >'^»^  <^^ 
v^eUas  to  he  confined  tohi"  bednnH  h.!        u^'^^^'^'^^n- 
tends  here  to.  examine  our  slurlT       ^'  ."^^  P^^'^o"  at- 
chance  to  send  oS^a^ne^^^^^'^--<^  ^-  -^ 

I  am  confident  ^^tiie  DSr^ase^     ?' '"''  ''^"^*- 
»P  cedy  aid,  particu^i^^k^^nf  ^  1^*^"'^^  ^°'^e  very 
lodging,  a?c.      """^'"'^^  ^^  '^*^^P^«=^s^iscpnfined8ituauonl 

Vour's,  respectfully, 

GEORGE  H.  RODGERS 
lacutenam  Dttdlev.  ^-^^^^^^^  ^{afea  Anny^^ 


aalri 


THEENESiy.  if 

'  Or,  A^'Kechan't  A'arraiive. 

On  the  31st  of  January  last,  I  was  ordered  by  genwaf 
Harrison  to  proceed  to  the  river  Raisin,  with  aflag  of  iruce 
and  fron.  thence  to  Maiden,  if  not  stopped  by  the  JndS 

^^fnTrr"'*'"'  '^°°'°*  «he  Rapids  orthe  Mkn.i  at  dart; 
and  not  finding  a  company  of  rangers  as  expected,  «e  en. 
.'„^f5f    fl°  a-^^vcthehorscand^cariole  before  the  door, 

Infl  "f?"'"'^"^ ''J' '*''""•  ^''°'"  >nidnieht  the  Inl 
ians  fired  in  upon  us, killed  Mr.  Lamont,  uoundcd  iny- 

?nl  M.  ?  ^T^  T^  "'  prisoners.  ,  After  despatcL 
log  Mf.  Lamont  with  the  tomahawk,  scalping  and  strip. 

S^L^'.h^"  "»?'•  "y  ''»'•»«.  l»^esa,  great  coat,  blank. 

which  ,h''"  '^l""}!^.'  ^-"^  °"«  h«ndeix)  dollars  i^  gold, 
which  the  general  had  sent  to  procure  necessaries  for  the 
wounded  ofgeneral  Winchester's  army.  *^'"'°'  ">«- 

rhat  night  I  was  made  to  walk  more  'lan  20  mfles.to 
*here  captain  Elliot  Was  stauoned  with  a  party  of  Tnc^anl! 
The  captain  treated  me  politely,  and  sent  me  to  colonef 
Proctor..    1  was.  scarcely  seated  before  the  colonel  began 

t^fi  Ki^";-^«^*'"''*S*°'  «»"iaon.  said  he  had  been  used 
to  figljt  Indians  anrf  not  British  (  found  fault  with  my  ta. 
stinic  ions,  and  .aid  the  flag  was  only  a  pretext  to  cover  a 

wWch'l'^i:!:,.-  '  'T'f  "^  ««««s  with  indigSnt 
which  1  belieire  has  been  thi  cause  of  all  my  Uoubles 

til  the  sth  February,  when  I  was  informed  by  Proctor'i 
aid,  that  1  s;,ouId  attend  on  the  wounded  with   Dr:  Bower 
M.dthat  I  would  be  sent  to  the  United  States,  bm  bv7d!?: 
fe.-ent  route  from  that  which  I  came.    Dr.  BoVer  in  a  few 
days  was  sent  home  and  I  detained.  •  »ower  m  alew 

On  the  2(1  of  March  I  was  arrestedby  order  of  c«lnn,.i 

re™cr'on'reSf^"^°!;-"r|ns.  on.  a  [irh^te^'rrlit 
MonL^I  li  u  '•'!,''''°"',''^'''"S  any  trial,  ordered  to 
Montreal,  and  burned  oa  from  Fort  George  nio-ht  .„^ 
day  aUhough  thinly  clothed,  and  the  weZ^*'v™|  coTd 

thesstb  wLn'  /•'i*""'-'',"^"'"'"*  being  finished  on 
^L^,'".'!!_*''*"  ?  """'d  aLMon'-'eal,  and  without  bein^ 
.;;,';'"".°"'i  'i';"*n*'°s  "••  suSered  to  ask  any  myself.  I  wa« 
of  he ^,i  ^''"T""'/5'>t  or  ten  feet  belowire  lirfrce 
of  the  ground,  where  1  had  neither  bed  nor  bedtUng,  chJi'^ 


i 


99 


BARBARITIES  OF 


i 


bench  or  stool;  denied  pen,  ink  or  paper,  or  even  the  use 
of  a  book,  for  two  weeks  Theonljr  current  of  air  that  pass- 
ed  through  my  apartment  came  through  the  bowels  of  the 
privy  ,  Here^  1  was  kept  33  days,  when  I  was  to  my  ereat 
joy  put  up  with  the  American  prisoners,  and  with  Uiem 
permitted  to  remain  till  last  Monday,  when  I  was  liberated 

C^nll!.!  n*"'""''^^^^^  ^"^^^y*  °f  the  navy.!: 

tutll  ^r'^''  "'^  to  ti,«  governour,  told  me  the  outrage 

hh  bSdt^         ""^""'^""^ ""'  ""^  P^'^^  ^^»  ^^^^?y  jo 

I  leftiburteeaAiBerican  prisoners  in  jai!,  viz.  George^ 
^nU^^r''  o^","""*  ^'*'*^"'  *^"^y  5  Wm.  Ilollenbeck, 
2^1  fn?  r^T  ^^' D^'"**  Jones,  Har^r  Jones,  Lewis  Minoi; 

Sw/^'^1^"\^"''  ^""^^  Campbell,  Schoharie  ; 
inajor  Watson,  Ogdensbur^  ;  Alexander  M'Gregor,  Bals' 

IZ  rZ  ,7'fJ^?.-  -  '^^*^  confinement,  notwithstand- 
ing Colonel  Lethbridge  and  Major  Shackleton  had  pledged 

OntJt  ,V''.?f''\^*^"^*^y*''^^^^  ^'^  left  Montreal  for 
Qu€beck,that  they  should  have  the  liberty  of  the  town 
cluring  the  day.  But  the  captain  was  scarcely  gone!  whL" 
the  pledge  was  either  forgotten  or  disregarccd.  Thepris- 
3?  ^^^^''e  not  permitted  to  proc«re  such  thing,  as  their 

h^ffZ  m"'°'''^  ""^"^^  ?'°^"^«-  S<>^nctimes  they  ar^ 
half  a  day^wuhom  water,  and  two  or  three  days  without 
wood;  and , f  they  complain,  they  are  cursed  and  abused 
by  the  jaUor,  and  told  they  are  only  allowed  a  quart  of  wa- 

tfnn'f  n^  ?.•  \  ^"^  requested  to  represent  their  situa- 
tion  to  Gen.  Dearborn,  which  I  intend  to  do  as  soon  as  I 
arrive  at  Sacket's  Hurbor.  "^  ' 

Thisisasketchof  thcindigniies  I  have  had  to  put  uih 
with  since  the  last  of  January.     I  am  yours,  &c. 

SAMUEL  M'KEEHAN, 

, .    5ttr5-eo;*'«  mate,  %d  regimtnt^  Ohio  militia. 
Albany,  May  24th,  1813. 

To  hia  Excellency ^  MaJor^General  Dearboi-n, 

Si  a— Without  introduction  or  apology,  I   beg  leave  t© 

state  to  your  excellency,  vhat  on  the  Sist  nf  Tannar..  i^.. 

I  was  ordered  by  genera!  Harrison  to  proceed  to  the'  river 

Kaism  With  a  flag  of  tnace,    I  was  required  in  my  in- 


THE  ENEMY. 

•  Bnti|h  officer  ai 


6A 


structions,  if  I  met 

cced  t9  Maiden  (if  too  great  danger  did  not  appear  from 
the  savages.)     The  same  evening,  thirty-three  miles  frooi 
tl>e  river  Raisin,  the  Indians  fired  upon  us  and  killed 
Mr.  Lamont,  (one  of  my    attendants)  wounded  myself 
in  the  foot,  then  conveyed  me  to  cf^ptain    Elliot,  who 
took  me  to  the  river  Raisin,  and  from  thence  sent  me 
to  general   Proctor,  at  head -quarters  in   Sandwich,  who 
swore,  by  God,  that  the  flag  and  papers  which  I  gave- 
him  was  oaly  a  pretence  to  cover  some  dishonourable  ser- 
vice.    I  rebutted  his  insinuations  as  mcJderately  as  my 
indignant  feelings  would  permit.     General  Proctor  made, 
several  observations  on  general  Harrison's  abilities  as  a. 
comm.mder ;  said  he  was  used   to  fight  tindians,  but  not 
Uritiih  troops,   oco.     He    kept  wmy   Instructions  ;  did  not. 
even  inform  the  senior  olKiGer,  ensign  Bakev,  «>f  the  A- 
moiican  prisoners,  that  he  had  a  letter  for  hhn,     I  was  or* 
dered  to  a  tavern  under  the  care  of  a  French  sergeant.— 
I  waited  till  th*^  4th  of  February  before  I  wi^e  to  general 
Proctor,  demanding  in  what  character  I  wS^  considered  ;. 
how  long  I  should  be  detained)  andthecausse  of  my  de- 
tention.    '  .-"VA:   .  '■    ■^::  ,'..-..  ■...---     ■...;.,;■     ,:,..'.../■. :V-  , 

The  next  day  the  general's  aid  inforthed  me  t  wrs  i;c-~ 
cognized  as  surgeon's  mate,  and  would  attend  wiih  JOr*. 
Bower  on  the  American  wounded  prisoners.  On  the  12tU 
I  received  a  letter  from  general  Proctor,  in  answer  to  ona 
I  had  written  to  him  the  day  before,  of  which  the  following: 
13  a  copy  ;       \ 

Sandwichy  \2th  Feb,  18\3, 
Sir — In  answer  to  your  leUer  of  tbe  1 1th  instant,  1  am 
'  directed  by  colonel  Proctor,  commanding,  to  observe,  that 
you  were  sent  in  for  the  purpose  of  attending  on  the  sick 
and  wounded  of  general  Winchester's  army,  for  which 
purpose  you  are  liow  detained  ;  and  beg  leave  farther  to 
observe,  that  in  the  execution  of  your  duty,  you  will  render 
a  most  important  service  to  your  country. 
I  have  the  honour  to  be,  &c» 

A.  W.  M'LEAIN,  A.  I)  C. 

March,  when  A.  D.  C  M'Leain  informed  me  that  I  wa» 
accused  of   carrying  on  a_  private   correspondence,  and 


to 


BARBARITIES  OF 


Iff 


T^  °M     ot  t?*"^-  ''y""'  Indians)  and  the  weathe? 

clev«,„   r     .   ""'"''ItP'^""''^'"'-     A  feR.  day,  after  mV 
»  tuaU  m '  '"•l'*»=^  I^'«y  becan.^  acquainted  v>Uh  my 

«e  ntSl  h?  tr'?"''"°K"*'"'?"e''' »>«  '='"'M  not  liberate 
Jhe  VTh,fl.^  ^r'"'"'^  l>om  general.  Proctor.  On 
the  I  m  of  May,  eight  or  ten  days  after,  Iwa,  taken  frmn 
pnson,and,m  «on>p»ny  with  Uetitenant  Biidley,  "enlw 
tbe  United  States.  I  may  here  observe,  that  the  anart 
ment  ,n  «h.ch  I  was  confined,  did  not  comain  either  cha  r" 

weeks,.  Fresh  beef  was  furnished,  kM  no  salt.—I  was.le 
med  pen,  ink  and  p^per,  and  treated  uniformly  Uh 
U«  utmost  contemptby.  the  sergeant,  »hom  I  had  the 
honour  of  seeing  every  day  for  a  few  minutes.  Bv  th« 
request  of  fourteen  American  prisoners,  now  i„  Von 
trealja.l,„hose  n.mes  are  hereunto  annexed,  1  blL"" 
to  state  to  your  excellency,  that  thev  are  ke„t  i„  ..'£  .  !^ 
—cincnt,  sometimes  half  a  day  without  water,"  and  ^ 
quently  two  or  three  days  wUhout   wood  to  cook  wi[h  • 


and  securo 
e  most  un- 
akcn  by'  a 
:,  although 
requesting 
rev  of  any 
al  and  h«r- 
ir  (having 
e  weather 
8»  without 
.  any  my- 
^  the  sur- 
iBenfej  and  ; 
'  was  put 

after  my 

with  my 
govemour 
U  colonel 
our  to  in- 
Led  on  ray  - 
>el  Leih* 
tely.  The 

s«iid   he 
lonr,  the  : 
jrnour  on 
:  liberate 
tor.     Oii 
^en  from 
i  sent  to 
le  apart - 
cr  chair, 
'  of  two 
[  wasde- 
fily  with 
had  the 

By  tho 
n  RJon- 
eg  leave 

md  fre« 
i  with  i 


THE  ENEMY.  *,  j 

•  and  when  they  complained  the  jailor^s  curses  were  fr^^T* 
lavished  upon  them.  They  h  Je  not  the  privJl^g^^^^^^ 
curing  some  htUe  necemries,  which  the  benevolence^ 
some  humane  pemnsoiabled  them  to  do  by  giving  them  • 
ahttlc  money.  Sir  Geoi^e  Prevost  has  fid  them  thS 
their  confinement  is  owing  to  the  bad  feiih  of  the™  own 
government,  &c.  *  "*'^*^  P^" 

J  woi^ld  hare  stated  tij  your  excellency  the  knolvledee 
I  had  through  the  report  of  others,  of  the  outrages  and 
cruelties  exercised  on  |he  American  prisoners  tfken  at 
gencrd  Winchestel^'s  defeat,  but  must  refer  your  Sen. 
cytoMr.  Ruland.whohada  command  in  the  SJan 
nuhtia  last  summer,  and  wbp  was,  after  having  been  dis- 
Iws8e8sed4)f«n  his  property,  sent,  to  Fort  George  with  mT 
who  no  doubt^Md  many  opportunities  of  hearing  such 
things  triumphantly  spoken  of  among  British  officers  and 
-ubjects.  I  nave  the  honour  to  be,  &c. 

(SignecQ  SAMUEL  M'KEEHAN. 

VT.  r-  \r     TT  ,      Surgeon's  mate  iWregt.O.M* 

.Niagara  Coffee  House,  June  4y  18 13.  ^      , 


Geo.  H.  Rogers,  Major  Watson, 

V     X> .  S.  Army,  ' "  

"V^m.HoUenback, 


Seth  Barnes, 
•Gains  Hooker, 
Philaster  Jones, 
Harry  Jones, 
Jarcd  With^rall. 


Alexr,  M'Gregor 
Lewis  Minor, 
John  Campbell, 
Zebina  Conkey, 
Pliny  Conkey, 
David  Johnston, 


No.  VI. 


RANSOM    OF  AltfERlCAl^    PRISONERS  FROM    IN- 
DIANS   IN    THE    HRITI5H    SERVICE^  v.^ 

£xtrat;t  of  a  letter  from  Mr.  Woodward,  to  the  Set 

of  State, ' 

«  A  few  days  previous  to  the  thirtyfirst  of  J;amar>'  1813, 


^cretffey 


n 


BARBARITIES  OF 


il 


of  residence„obser..ci  s^me  tl^  '''"  ?'*°'''  "^^  P>»ce 
off  from    the  squadron  i"  a  dhe'r  ""<*  ""K"  coming 
"bnd.    The  reUtor  wa.  then  i„   h    °"  ^T"'*'  ""=  '"id 
furnuure  and  other  propel  J ''',t:'^^°^"■»<'"»g  Ws 
ed  therein  from  seeing   he  /nn°     ?    "'and,  and  hasten, 
my;  l>ut  the  said  teldl,^  t^"^*?"'  W^ach  of  the  ene. 
vasc-o^ingto  the  S  with  m'"fr  '"^^'  '""  ''"'^r 
den  with  hb  pronertv  »nH  •    .     ^°'"'  '""'  batteaux  la. 
appeared  sudde^nT/rj^back  Zi,°    "^^  "*"  =='«'^ne  ' 

tor  afterwards,  in^heXn.oonrH'"-'P'-  ''"''°  '^la' 
day  made  two  other  tr  n^l^.K  "^ '"''"""S  °f  ">e  same 
Kettingoff  all  his  bion  '^'on  ?h  "'""''  »""  'iucceededlt 
relator  thinks  it  was    h-        •    "'*'  succeeding  day,  as  thil 

offforty  or  lift;  barrels  .fhf'"'''"' ""'''•'  "'""d^d  t 
jvithout  any  in.er^Sion'trif^' '"""^  """=■•  '^<^> 
•"avrng,  in  his  first  trio  LTJL^  T'"''-     ^he  relator 
now  watched  the  movem;^^."  oflh."  '^"'''^^d  slaves,  he 

ba-Ses,  andUeTsome  LKv'^'^  ""'  ^  -'-  e^ll 
f^om  the  island.  Th '  rfla tof  i'"?^  '7  'he.;,  depart 
««t   menuoned   day.   ^    cola::^ 'll."'^!™ -".  of  the 


is  I 


e  friends  and 
ladbeen  able 

2d  you  u  Jet. 
otbcf  faiai. 


PRIVATE 
BAY,  AND 

r    ';  ■ . 
_•■,  • 

land,  ^tes, 
the  British 
Y    Admiral 
peake  Bay  . 
t  his  place 
cs  coming 
Is  the  said 
noving  his 
nd  hastei^- 
f  the  ene- 
l»is  relator 
itteai^x  Ja- 
schooners, 
1'hc  rela- 
the  same 
ceeded  in 
y»a3  this 
iand  got 
'  articles, 
e  relator 
Javes,  he 
his  farm 
he  saw 
^hc:re  in 
»  depart 
i  of  the 
il  of  Ms 


tieighbours,  went  to  see  whaf  fL^ 

island,  and  found  that  ihevhn  I-  !   "*;'^^ '^^-^  ^one  on  the 

anythingawayexc^tsoj^^^^^^^^^^^  "or  taken 

relator  then  took  o/with  him  n«     °^  ^''*^  *^«"^''-     The 
ot  er  articles  as  he  cS;  and  w^s  TurLn'  '1?  u^""^'  «"^ 
he  enemy  put  off  from  the  son^L      "f  ^  ''^ ''>^  Seeing 
iMowof  their  tenders      Th^" '''"''  ^^^eral  barjjes 

took  passessionoi  the  island  aL^f!!^?  °"  that  t^rening, 
a  part  of  the  next  day,  as  well  a^i^^^^^^  mghtand 

and,  on  the  last  mentioned  dav  LfAj?'' 'f '^^^  ^*^^'^»«^^«  » 
the  squadron,  which  in  the  m«L  f-  '^^l*^^^^^  ^nd  foil-  ^ed 

bay.     TherelatorseeSroVJ^^^  ^'^^'^^  "^    ^^^^ 

day  after,  again  w<int  OnVhe  isllL       "J'^Y'  °'  ^^^  ^^vond 
the  enemy  had  taken  and  ™^^^  ^«""d  that 

cattle,  eighty-six  head  ^f  old  111'"'.  u''''^  ^^^^  ^^  ^'^^k 
thirty  lambs,  that  they  had  ki  led^K"^  ^V'T'  '^'""'^  ^"^ 
sows  in  their  beds,  w  W  .,; "  ^^""t^  hundred  breeding 
they  had jaken  o^^Tm^st^^^^^^^  -nd  tha? 

they  could  catch.  From  h  1  hn^  "^>^L^^^  ^^  ^"PPosed 
^ome  ofHIsworstfuiSL^  .1  °"'^  /^'*^*^^^  ^'^  hid  left 
J^Iass  worth  abou  £ S,  ''i'^^''  ^^^"  ^^^  Jooking- 
file.  They  broke  I:  v^.^  bcks  ^nd  oT '  f^^^^P-^  in\ 
many  things  ab^^^  the  house      Tn.T  ^^^^^'  ^"d  threw 

which  had  been  occupied  ^  f am",  ^^  '^'^  ^^^^"'i 

desk  to  pieces  and  thret  l^ouThU  r^'- ^         ^^"^^^^  *^« 
things;  but  therelatorL^«       .    ''  ftirmture  and  other 
thing  was  taken  away      '^^'^'^^'^^^  ^^^««ect  that  any 
In  testimony  whereof,  the  sifr!  w:ti-       ^ 

Maryland,      ^  ^"^"^^-LlAiVl  SEARS. 

Talbot  county^    \  ^^* 

WUllmlrrti:!'';:^^' ""  jWs  35d  day  of  Ju„e,  ,8,3 


7-4 


BARBARITIES  OF 


SS"' '™'  *°  ""^ ''"'  "^"^  knowledge,  recoUecUoa 
Sworn  before  me, 

Talbot  county,        yoiMtt  »  .    - 

I  hereby  certify,  that  Peter  Denny,  Esq.  bcfort  whom 
thea^ove  affidavit  appears  lo  have  been  m^de,  and  X 
ha.  thereto  svibscribed  his  name  was  at  the  time  of  takW 

f  iiT-"^r^'  '*^^f'  ^'^^  •*'"*  ^«»  ^"^  of  the  state  of  Ma! 
ryland  s  justices  of  the  peace,  in  and  for  .he  county  afore- 
«aid,  duly  commissioned  and  qualified.  ^ 

^^ffitin?]?  ""^Tf'  ^^  thereto  set  my  hand  and 
affixed  the  seal  6f  my  office,  this,  twenty-fourth  day 
ofJune,  Anno  Domini,  1813.  ^ 

^^'  ^'^  *        JACOB  LOOCKERMAN, 

K        ^^,  Cierk  of  Taidot  county  courff 

Ctecil  c6iintyil,^0€'^i^  Mdryland,  - 

Pcrsunally  appeared  before  me  tlie  subscriber,  one  of 
the  justices  of  the  peace  for  the  county  and  state  aforesaid, 
Fiisby  Henderson,  and  made  oath  on  .the  hoi v  evangelists 
of  Almighty  God,  that  on  the,29th  day  of  Apiil,   m  3,  a! 
bout  seven  6  clock,  A.M.  a  considerable  British  force 
dis  nbuted  into  thirteen  barges,  commenced  a  hostile  at- 
tack on  a  lamUng  called  Frenchtown,  the  property  of  thl* 
<  eponentj  in  the  county  aforesaid ;  that  some  days^previous 
thereto,  a  battery  for  five  guns  had  been  commeLd  on 
the  wnarffbut  was  in  an  unfinished  state;  that  on  the  an- 
preach  o1  the  Btiush  force,  eight  or  ten  men  collected  and 
commenced  firing  from  the  battery,  and  stopped  the  ad- 
vance ol  the  barges  for  some  time.     The  ammunition  be- 
lug  expended,  the  barges  then  came  on,  and  a  firing  from 
them  commenced  of  cannon  shot  at  the  battery,  and  also 
at  the  dwelmg  houses  in  r^renchtown.    The  liritish  then 
landed  on  the   wharf  and  immediately  set  fire  to  a  new 
storehouse  on  the  wharf,  which  at  that  time  contained 
nothing  but  a  large  quantity  of  oats,  the  property  of  this 
deponent,  and  also  a  fishery  adjoining  the  whirf  was  set  on 
fi^-e  at^the  same  time  j  after  burning  the  said,  storehouse 
^iu  asacry,  a  loioe  oi  about  two  hundred  and  fifty  ma- 


THE  ENEMY. 


7S 


jcolIecUon 

iNNY.' 


rfe  whom 
and  wIm) 
of  taking 
>e  of  Ma- 
ity  afore- 
hand  and 
)urth  duy 

4  AN, 
ty  couYfi 


r,  one  of 
aforesaid, 
angelists 
I8l3f  a- 
sh  force 
)stile  at' 
r  of  thl* 
previous 
net;  d  on 

the  ap- 
cted  and 
L  the  ad- 
ition  be- 
ng  from 
md  also 
ish  then 
)  a  ne\r 
siUained 

of  this 
IS  set  on 
rehouse 
fty  nia- 


rtncs  was  Inarched  from  the  wharf  through  Frcnchtown 
and  up  the  river  shore  to  the  dwelling  house  of  this  depo . 
nent,  and  demanded  the  way  to  the  town  of  IJlkton  ;  that 
hncling  the  nver  must  be  crossed  on  that  direction  to  get 
to  Llkton,  the  whole  force  returned  to  Frenchtown,  broke 
open  the  upper  store  house,  which  was  at  that  time  full  of 
goods,  apart  of  which  was  the  property  of  the  United 
Mates,  and  the  reniamder  for  dififercrtt  merchants  of  yal. 
Unriore,  to  the  amdufit,  probably,  of  fifty  ov  sixty  thousand 
dollars,  and  plundered  and  carried  olf  pah  of  the  goods, 
and  set  fire  to  the  house  and  burnt  it  with  the  remainder 
01  the  goods.     This  deponent  saith  that  the  two  store  hous- 
es and  fishery,,  together  with  the  oats  and  other  property 
He  had  lathe  upper  store  house  burned  by  the  British   as 
atoresaid,  he  has  sustained  a  loss  of  about  three  thousand 
.  dollars. 

^worn  before  me  the  subscriber,  on  this   I2ih  diiv  of 
Juncf  181^,  \ 

ALEXR.  KJNKEAD. 

Cadi  county,  state  of  Maryland, 

Personally  appe^^d  before  me,  the  subscriber,  one  of 
the  justices  of  the  peace  for  the  county  aforesaid,  Cordelia 
Bennington,  living  in  Frenchtown,  and  made  oath  on  the 
Holy  Evangelists  of  Almighty  God,  thtt  she  saw  the  Brit, 
ish  on  the  29th  of  April,  1813,  land  ^^  wharf  at  French- 
town,  and  immediately  set  fire  to  an^HRit  the  store  house 
and  fishery  ;  that  on  the  British  breaking  open  the  upper 
store  house, this  deponent  went  down  to  the  store  house' 
and  solicitedthe  commanding  officer  not  to  burn  the  house  • 
he  replied  that  he  came  for  the  purpose  of  burniiur  the 
store  houses,  that  they  were  publick  property  ;  that  this 
deponent  replied  the  store  houses   weie  private  property 
and  belonged  to  her  brother  ;  the  officer  said  there  was 
publick  property  in  it  and  it  should  be  burnt,  and  ordered 
the  house  set  on  fire  and  burnt  it  vvith  all  the  tods  thev 
did  not  carry  away.  ^  ^ 

ms^^^  ^®^re  me,  the  subscriber,  the  12th  day  of  June, 

ALEXR.  KiNNead/ 


r« 


BARBARITIES  Olf 


C'cll  county,  ,ta,t  of  Maryland. 

="  8h.y  God,  that  she  suwiU  Brit  i"''  ^T^^'""*  ''f  ^i" 

"tely  «ct  fire  to  and  "ura  d^w,f  ,f  '"''"°"'"'  "'"'  '"""'"i- 
that  after  the  store  ho  ^V""'"  ''''"""^  »"''  fishery^ 

Hiarched  iipfrom  t'        •.  1"  '"■^'  5''^  niarincs   were 

and  burning  the  uruer  stnr,i.;  .  ,  "'"'  °'"  Plundering 
ed  in  ,h.  road  oppose  t"  n  "  u/cA  ^'""''''  r"-'  ''"'™^ 
con.mand!„5  th^  mariner^ho  ta  brmedThf  ' ,"'"  ""'"i' 
»ame  was  Wyhourne,  saiU  thdr  o°'  '  ,  '^  deponent  his 
wage  stable,  and  dest^u  the  «L„  ^'^  '"  ''"™  '!'• 

deponent's  soliciting  ofymno^^!.  T'^^V  """^  "°  '*•" 
"ages,  the  officer  relued.Lnni.,-"';  "'''  """"  ""<» 
cd  when  they  went  tranyp.L^"""7'^Y«"""'^'l'  '"'^ 
clecuons,  avid    cnc.uired  „r  ?k-    *?'  "**  ""'  '''"«<'  "t  the 

.neaning'Mr.aSrnlvlXlrr/  ''  '''='  ""'="'' 
.^.>.orn  before  mc.  tbe  s„bsc«beVftu"tU  da,„fW, 

^ALEXR.  KIN]^EAD. 

A.itstT^Lr^:^;ife^t^^^^^^^       Of  the  at.  of 

by  the  BiiiUh  forces*  «hcy  pSu»  .h.   ■"  ""c*  '='^'''' 
to  Frederick  and  Jl^c  t  "^^nd  ^a^V"",  ""^'f^'"'* 
pany  them  tp  the  S^  uS      On         *"'"'' '"  ^  ='=°™- 
met  by  two  mulatto' men   "a  baUean'"  "'^''.?  "%*."'' 
(the  name,  1  belike  of  the  officerl  in  1„*^T"'"  .^^'"l 
took  a  white  handkerclueirf^te^edk^T  '"'''  '  ""'• 
and  was  about  to  enter  the  bS  w.th  the  "'  "P°"'°°"'- 
cer  to  pmceed  up  the  u..r  to  info rm  tiJ  ?i°"'' '"  •"'• 
.nanding  there,  that  if  *e  w'ouW  noffilTunon  ,h"''  ,"""- 
cs  they  would  not  destroy  the  town    rh^^,"^?  "'"'"  ''^''8- 
ed  by  the  admiral  not  ^l^X.Tl.l^^l^^'T.^Z 
would  only  send  the  negroes  uith  the  message    ^., 
tkcy  were  known  to  the  people  in  the   fon  abX'  ttr^'" 
pected  that  they  would  believe  what  they  tdd  them  ••" 
\V^  were  then  opposite  to   Mr.  Wie.ke's  farm,  wWchT 
thmkmus;beaboutamUe  below  the  fort.     Thehntl.V 


THE  ENE.My. 


V 


71 


bcr,  one  of 
Jd,     Dclb 

9th  of  A- 
d  immedi- 

incs  were 
lundcring^ 
ere  form- 
le  office  1 8 
)oncnt  his 
burn  tlie 
t  on  thb 
ibles  and 
rally  aski. 
ted  at  the 
cf  uncle^ 


hich  t 
)atteaiv 


wilh  the  negroes  went  to  the  fort  as  directed  and  the  Brit- 
ish forces  soon  after  followed.  I  was  in  the  foremost  bout 
andcon;iniied  in  said  bout  until  their  retiun  down  the 
river  after  burnings  the  towns,  when  I  was  landed  on  Mr* 
W  ithcred's  shore  and  most  positively  declare  that  there 
was  no  white  flag  ever  hoisted  in  her  or  any  of  the  ©the** 
boats  to  my  knowledge,  dor  did  I  ever  hear  any  of  the  Brit- 
ish officers  or  privates  say  they  had  e\er  hoisied  a  flag,  or 
that  one  had  ever  been  fired  on. 

The  captfun,  on  his  return  dovvn  the  iriver,  declared,  tliat 
"if  he  could  catch  colonel  Veazey,  who  commanded  at  the 
fort  above,  he  would  quarter  him  and  give  me  part  of  his 
quarter  for  steaks,  for  th^t  the  fire  he  had  received  was  on© 
of  Washing  mi's  rounds." 

I  cannot  say  positively  what  number  of  men  they  lost, 
as  they  would  only  acknowlede:e  five  wounded,  but  think 
they  have  sustained  greater  injury. 

Given  under  my  hand  this  9th  day  of  June,  1813. 

bubSGnbed  and  sworn  to,  before 

SAMUEL  BOYER. 

I  certify,  that  I  was  at  the  battery  on  Pearcc's  Point,  on 
the  6th of  May,  when  a  squadmn  of  U<itish  barges  visited 
Georgetown;  that  I  had  a  full  view  of  all  the  barges 
untd  they  got  possession  of  the  battery  on  the  Ccecil 
shore,  and  that  I  saw  no  white  flag  displayed  fi'om  either 
of  the  barges. 

_  W.  SPENCER. 


We,  the  undersigned,  certify,  that  on  the  6ih  of  Miy 
last,  at  the  tiu\e  admiral  Cockbun^  with  a  considerable 
armed  force  at  ck-.d  and  destroyed  Eredefick  and 
George  towns,  on  Sassafras  river,  in  the  slate  of  Mary- 
land, were  in  or  near  the  breast  work  beld^  Frederick- 
town,  under  the  command  of  colonel  Thomas  W.  Veazey 
From  our  position,  we  had  a  fuil^^id  perfect  view  of  tlio 
ene.m^s  hostile  armament,  and  saw  nothing  with  it,  or 
preceded   or  followed  it,  that  indicated  or  had  the  an- 


pttj'a 


7« 


BARBARITIES  OF 


We  undernand  a  flair  of  tnrr- ♦,,  k^     --.•    • 
cific  purpcc,  .ccom^iel  br^^^th^^rr  -  tcT  ""• 
proiecttdbyanavalormiliu'rv  force  »""">''"<»  ""- 

>Md  to  be  idrn^  r^  Lk'  ^^''y^'-'l'  "head  of  the  rest, 
and  wa.  ,«,„,S^  K  '^°'='''»"''' »  carried  a  coloured  flat 
a^fuU  nf  «1  ^  '*''  ""'  '"'  "'"K  fifteen  armed  ba^S 

intentions!  ^        mcnacmg  manner  and  with  hostile 


■f. 


Joshua  Ward, 
John  W.  Etherington, 
Dela  F,  Heath, 
Jolin  V.  Price, 
Henry  E.  Coalman, 
Samuel  Dixon, 
Joshua  Gfreenwoorl, 
Kobcrt  H.  MaxweU, 
AVilliam  Etheringion, 
John  Loftis.        ^      ' 

We  Mw  no  flag  of  any  description. 


John  Duffoy, 
John  Ethcrington,^ 
Moses  N.  Carson, 

his 
Hezefciah  f^  Dowlia 

mark, 
James  S.  Price, 
Elias  See, 
George  Blaster, 


Joseph  Davis. 
William  Roberts. 
Dormer  Or  Jig, 

his 
Meshuk    X  Kendrickjj 
mark 
his  "* 

John  XConly 
mark, 
^iate  of  Maryland, 


his 

Nichols  i^T.Franki?^ 

mark, 
Joshua  lloffington, 

his/ 
Nathan   h  Parrdw. 
mark, 


Ceecil  C(^nty.        J 
On  the  loth  day  of  June.  Anno  Domini,  1313    m.M/,« 

Ske  oflf  n^°"%'"\''^'='"'  ^^'^  ">«>  subscriber, 
IJa-  ,  .  '^'"'®  *°'"  "^^  '"un'y  and  state  afoi-e! 
»?id,  and  made  .athonthe  Holy  Evangelist.  ^rA\^t 


V  ^«^^%  1 


THE  ENEMr.  r9 

tyGod,  that  the  facts  detaUed In  the  fare^oi^g  ccrtirical« 
arc  true,  to  the  b«&t  of  their  knowledgts  and  belief. 

Sworn  before  H.  B.  PENINGTON. 


T  do  hereby  certify,  that  I  was  at  the  breastwork  near 
Fredericktown  on  the  6tli  ultimo,  when  the  British  came 
up  the  river  in  their  barges,  and  that  I  did  not  see  a  flajF 
oftruce,nor  do  I  believe  that  the  commanding  officer  at 
the  breastwork  knew  or  supposed  there  was  any  such  thioK 

ly'ofTne^,  ms''^'''    ^^^^^""^  '"X  ^'^'^  '^'  twelfth 

c  .     u  r  JAMES  SCAN  LAN. 

bworn  to  before  the  subscriber,  a  justice  of  the  peace 
for  Coecil  county,  and  state  of  IVIaryland,  ihe  duy  and  year 
above  mentioned.  '  ^ 

II.  B  PENINGTOJf. 

The  deposition  pf  Richard  Barnaby,  of  Fredericktown, 
in  CoEcil  county,  Maryland,  aged  about  fortyeight  years, 
being  duly  sworn,  deposeth  and  saith,  that  on  the  morn- 
ing of  the  6th  of  May,  after  the  engagement  took   place 
at  the  fort  below  this  town,  that  he  went  a  short  distance 
out  of  town  to  see  some  females  to  a  place  of  safety,  and 
on  bis  return   he  met  about  twenty  of  the  British  trooDs 
armed,  commanded  by  an  officer  who  observed  on  meet- 
ing  ot  him,  here  is  one  of  the  damned  rascals  from  the 
fort,  and  then  enquired  where  the  damned  rascals  which 
were  at  the  fort  had  run  to,  and  ordered  him  to  go  with 
him  and  shew  them  to  him  ;  the  deponent  observing  he 
did  not  know  where  they  w^re,  the  officer  swore  he   was 
a  liar,  and  drew  his  sword  and  threatened  to   kill  him, 
one  of  the  men  presented  a  bayonet  and  another  drew  a  * 
dirk  and  swore  if  he  did  not  go  he  would  run  it  throuch 
him  ;   he  afterwards  went  with  them   as  far  as  captain 
Francis  B.  Chandler's   house,  at  which  time  Francis  B. 
Chandler  was  going  towards  his  house,  and  on  their  hear- 
ing »«tt)e  person  cail  him  captain,  the  officer  ordered  his 
men«^tt^kc  him  ;  the  admiral  coming  up  at  the  lime,  en- 
quired4a*c  reason  that  ihe  house  was  not  on  fire.     Aitei^ 
rifl^l^Tj  ?^P^"e^^t  retui-ned  to  his  own  house  with  the  . 
:i«nurai-f^ji£  »#<iucDveu  of  him'not  to  haY©  it  set  on  fire  j 


BARBARITIES  OF 

wuld  do  :  he  CnUhed   L "      '^^^  promised  he 

left  him.  ''""'''?'"  "  '^e  ^-ouse,  and  his  ptovisions,  and 
Givcnuadermyhandlhislsu,  Jane,  1813        * 

^  Ji-  B;P£N1NGTQN. 

kl^''!?!^'^'^  or  Frand«  B.  Chandlear,  o£  Fredeiv 
itktown,  CcEcil    county,    Maryland,    aeed   about   ♦!,;!. 

tuned  from  ihl  r.  ?  May  last,  just  as  he  had  re- 

and  headed  b^  Iffi:rStf  bfa  p^st'l"^^^^^^^^ 

that  he  caught  him  bnheTeattt;^:rh'!°!'°H*"'"i  I 
rascal  and  pulled  him  from  off  the^fens  anrf  f  '''"""*'*  I 
the  house  wiih»h»  „.,"".".    *'^P^'*no  ^^en  entered  ■ 

chreerand^SereVTlte  Jni'  "T^  "**  8"^*  """^  I 

ibr  fire',  ^r..ii7y\:^:x^,^  z^^j^^  ^^fr^  I 

stair  case,  window  sash  and  brW^g  the  „,ass  »d  st!  I 
the  house  on  fire  in  three  places  •  ^a.,t  ?""'.»""  'f  | 
mlrai  Cockbum  arrived  «n.ll,-,Y->  "'"'  "'"''  '"'•  I 
him  to  have  the  fire  nut  2  Lli  f  ''*P°??'"'  '^'88^''  I 
case  with  him,ahSthe^admTralaskilhir"'^^^  '''  I 

that  ,f  he  could  not  the  house  should  be  burnt,  and  ?,i'    I 

S'f jr  r.;  t  .•z.'fi-SS"  •':'  ?  I 


{| 


t  if  he  would 
promised  he 

irtcen  fowls; 
whole  of  hh 

tovUions^  and 


*8tice  of  the 
5  written. 
NGTOJSr. 

r  of  Fredeiv 
bout  thirty*, 
uth,  that  OQ 
he  had  re- 
s  house  and 
sons,  armed 
io>  runnings 
d  upon  th© 
>t  to  enter ; 
n  a  damned; 
len  entered 
gave  three 
and  called 
mtting  the. 
iSi  and  see 
5  time  ad- 
it, begged« 
reason  ihe 
t  he  could 
an  hour ; 
and  ask- 
this  depo- 
to  be.  put 
upon  hi* 
il  in  with 
after,  and. 
V  the  ad*- 
returned 
nm  whaft- 


THE  ENEMY.  ^-^ 

burnt  i  but  the  sister  of  , hi.  h""*"  *«  *»-dered  not  to  be 

warehouse  burnt  by  them  Si  ^'^  deponet  had  his 

goods  in  it  J  andZthi^,:  ir  =°"*'d=rable  quantity  of 
ft-  about  thrcThour'      '"""='^"^«  a  prisoner\i,h  thea. 

Given  under  my  hun^  this  I2th  June,  ISls. 

Sworn  to  and  subseriLril^^'^  ^-  9HANDLEAR.. 

H.  B.  PENINGTON. 

on  the  Holy  EvangeLl,  ofM^htv^J^?^^"'}  *«"'™ 
^h  that  on  the  momine  of  Ih^hL^'  t^  ^'='."''  ""* 
landing  of  the  BriuSfo«i„y«^^-^'''''"''  "P°»  "•« 
deponint  r.sides.ln  E  aU  ttl  i''{'°*"'  "'"''»  '^''' 
deponent',  hous^,  and  swor^hJr  v'S.""". '^""^ '<'  *^ 
him  without  arms  tht  Znf,^*'  "^  ^''^  ''«•  «>'  f°und' 

mth  their  "bay^l^SZyThin  ^i'^.r-""-  ?"'"S'> 
«ther  forces"  wiich  S.SL  .fL^t  ^o  -ii",  r**  """.'' 
Iiouse,  broke  it  on?n.  f^i,      u  '°  -"*  deponent's 

could 'can,  :;iZ?detUdt"esf7irr^^^^^ 
lasses  and  dirk«ijinri  k„      "/^"  t^c>  rest  wah  their  cut- 

store-housetd  L"^e^"Tt  "'p^"''  •'•^  '•''^'""S-^^^ 
most  acti,e  in  the  dostructif,^^t- h^  "  "PP"""'' '-"  '"'  '>"» 
in  the  town  wire  soon  afilT  ,?"'P'""'J'-  The  houses, 

ti'oyed.  *""  generally  set  on  fire  and  des- 

Sworn  to  and  subscrifedT^^rf  ™?f  ""^^^^P- 
peace  for  C.ci.  coun.y.on  the'  'da7:nd™;ea:  iO!:''^^^ 

1^-  B.  PENINGTON. 

^<^^:'^^^^^J^'\M-"  °?  Frederick, 


•:.^-- 


S2 


BARB:ARrnES  OF 


ate  t:.r  :-c,id"^:\r:nrt':  ,t^H  *t  «°-' 

air  th<»  m-«  «p  A    T  *  "^  ^**^^  asked,  where  are 

«ov*d^r,    he  stidT^'  L"?  ""  ^'"''™'=''  "'^y  "-^ 

bo^*-*  -vr  ooq  s  saice    to  spare   ner  child    fm*    \f  «i    I 
u  J  L  "ouse.     He  now^  marched  off,  afr*>rth#.  T«««r 

mid  :•  Cse-tr  Thfd  '""'''  ^"^K  '^°"'^  ^^"  -^ 
admiral  ro?n!lK"  .^  ^eponeat  then  requested  the 

he  had  none  ,  he  damned  him,  and  asked  i"hJ^r,tt      , 

u.  the  presence  of  this  deponent'^bsTr 'Zl;  '  offitT- 
wel ,  my   lads,  this    looks  well—to  which  nn  --^i 
njadc,  and  he  ordered  all  hands  on  toard  the  boats^^h!: 
thu  deponent  saw  the  British  two  and  aL^rJ^ie^^^^t 


on  the  mom. 
I  forces  land- 
ed-up  through 
at  his  brpth- 
re  headed  by 
^i  as  this  de- 
md  ©bseWed, 
I  firirtg  upon 
swered  no-* 
were  gone, 
U  where  are 
id  they  were 
o  the  shore, 
destroy  any 
a  black  boy 
one    of  the 
d.     He  then ' 
Jtroy,  Avhich 
hen  begged 
use  of  James 
stairs,  in  a 
days  old— 
PS*  M 'Don- 
hands,  and 
for   if  she, 
en  ordered^! 
er  the  mpn 
ly  afier  rc- 
[uested  the 
"collect  his 
snce  to  re- 
n  directed 
>rn2ed  him 
'Could  not 
^ards  a  fire 
d.     While 
c  admiral 
officers- 
reply  was 
^ts.     That 
miles  off; 


THE  ENEMY. 


43 


cnel  Vea4  a^d'th:  In^S  L  s^  'c^^S  ts  sU t 

bi.,ther  are  sufferers^taneaT^^^^^^^  ^^A 

Fredericktown.  ^  "  ^^  *^®  property  iii 

JanHTlf  a^'/^'^r^"  bfeforc^^^  f^^^,f 
June,  1813,  a  justice  ol  the  peace  forGoecil  county,      ^ 

H,  B,  PENINGTON. 

veei  hinv  and  r". "  ''"^''  "^  nriti'h  consistmg  of  be! 
.IkI  =        '^  forty  men,  commanded  by  an  officer,  said 

to  be  a  post  captain,  «,  the  6th  of  May  lastfwm^o  Hs 

'SuLl  Vrh^''''^'^,  P'''=^'' »  ^•'^'^ '^"d\",'enr»ired 
par^ularly  for  him.^nd  searched  every  part  of    he  house 

fin*g^'e''7heTtWh"'=^'^'f'  '"^"^  diipolmrdta* 

.ooK^rj^sS  t\&  °;ta7c'o'::r?.ht^^ 

"ulTm 'thror'""^5"'-<=  ,f  ^^y  ^°^^^  ^'^-  off 

wita  them,  the  officer  himself  took  down  a  pair  of  ham! 
.some  looking  glasses,  otiiers  of  the  party  tookTmucrof 

o^td   fnn  ^'  "-"T^'  P''"^'  ^'"""^  <="""«'.  &c  a"  they 
could    conveniently  carry    with   them  ;  ray  little    bov% 

=  --^..^^j.u  j.uiii  s^Y^ty  uung  on  the  farm  ;  the/ 


^'#4 


'BARBARITIES  OF 


fired  at  one  of  my  sons  not  twelve  years  of  a?e,  as  he  was 
driving  offa  flock  of  sheep. 

^  .        ^      .      .  JOSHUA  WARD. 

SwOTn  to  and  subscribed  before  me,  a  justice  of  the 
peace  forCoecil  county,  Maryland,  this  14th  June*  1813. 
i  ^         1^  H.  B  PENINGTON. 

The  <leposition  of  Toilus  Roberson,  aged:  about  thirty 
four  years,  who  did  live  within  about  one  mile  from 
Iredericktown  in  Coecil  county,  Maryland:  This  depo- 
nent states  that  on  the  morning  ofth^.etb  of  May,  he  was 
at  the  breastwork  near  Fredcricktown,  at  the  time  the 
Jlritish  armament  came  up  the  S^ssafrasa  river ;  that  he 
saw  no  flag  of  truce  ;  that  after  the  militia  were  obliged 
to  retreat  he  returned  home,  and  in  a  very  short  lime  saw 
a  party  of  the  British  coming  tov/ards  his  houses  ai^  he 
and  his  family  left  their  house,  except  two  black  women 
and  a  black  man,  who  state  that  jthe  British  took  the  de- 
ponent s  household  furniture,  and  piled  it  up  in  the  yard 
before  the  house  door,  and  set  iliem  on  fire,.which  com^ 
m«niGateu  to  the  house  and  consumed  it  also  ;  the  barn 
which  stood  about  one  hundred  yards  from  the  house  was 
set  on  fire  and  consumed.  This  deponent  lost  alj  his 
houEehoKl  goods  and  provisions.  He  saw  Fredericlilwn 
ir.  flames  previous  to  his  leaving  his  lK)use,  which  alarmed 
himself  and  family  to  that  degree  that  he  abandoned  his 
iiouse  lor  their  safety* 

Witness  jny  hand, 

e  ■       ,       ..    ,  TOILUS  ROBETSON. 

Sworn  and  subs  ibed  to  before  the  subscriber,  a  justice 
or  the  peace  fyv  CoecU  county,  Maryland,  this  14th  day  of 
June,  1813,  ^.  •    r  ^ 

^  H.  B.  PENINGTON, 


The  deposition  of  Moses  N.Cannon,  aged  about  thi.ty 
two,  who  lives  witMn  about  one  half  mile  of  Fredevick- 
townin  Coecil  county,  Maryland:  This  deponent  stages 
that  he  was  at  the  breast  work  neivr  Fredcricktown  on 
the  6th  of  May  last,  when  the  British  armament  came 
up  thebassafra^  river,  that  he.  saw  no  flag  truce:  that 
alter  the  militia  were   obliged  to   retroat,  he   returned 


"EBE  ENEMY. 


P« 


li<wne,4itta  was  occupied  in  turning  horses  out  of  his  wheat 
field,  when  a  party  of  the  British  came  to  his  house,  he 
rode  up  to  them,  mid  they  informed  hitn  that  l*e  was  their 
prisoner  ;  and  on  his  observino:  that  he  was  in  the'^r  pnw- 
or,theyinqul»edof  him  if  he  had  any  thing- Xoddttk,  and 
he  answering  in  the  negative,  they  told  Uim  ihey  had  got 
somcihmg  to  eat,  and  asked  him  if  he  wanted  his  house 
burnt,  anHh,  artiwering  in  the  negative,  they  told  him  to 
go  then  to  the  captain,   that  he  was  in  the  house  and 
would  set  lire  to  it ;  and  on  his  going  towards  the  bouse 
be  m«t  the  person  whom  they  called  the  captain  with  an. 
other  person  with  him,  loaded  with  his,  this  deponent's, 
bedclothes,  a  pfeir  boots,  and  a  number  of  other  articles, 
cavrymg  t4em  to^wards  his  men,  who  were  formed  outside 
the  yard,  at  the  time  an  officer  on  horscbark  rode\jp  and 
<inquired  of  the  deporeht  where  the  damped  militia  were  ; 
he  obs-rved  to  him  they  had  retreated,  pointing  at  the 
same  rime  towards  a  wood,  he  observed  he  must  burn  the 
deponent's  house,   and   on   the  deponent   expostulating 
with  him,  and -stating  the  disadvantage  he  would  labour 
undei    in  case  his  house  was  burnt,  he  then  inquired  of 
hiiw  the  road  to   the  mouth  of  Elk  rives,  and  if  he,  the 
officer^oould  march  his  men  there,  and  the  deponent  ob- 
sewedlhat  his  government  would  not  pernat  him  to  give 
him  any  instructions  ;  and  the  officer  observed  he  knew 
that  as  well  as  the  deponent,  but  that  he  might  trust  a  Brit- 
ish officer,  and  smiled,  and  turned  his  horse  and  ordered 
his  men  to  marrh,  and  they  went  oiT  without  burning  the 
house  or  asking  any  more  questions.     Tb©  depoi>ent  then 
went  to  a  neighbouring  house  to  see  about  a  part  of  his 
family,  and  on  his  return  back  towards  his  house,  he  was 
hredon  by  a  party  of  the  Briiish  statfoned  in  thepublick 
roiid,  about  one  hundretl  atxl  fifty  yards  from  the  depo- 
nent's house  ;    heathen  retreated  across  the  field,  and 
abandoned  his  house;  he  saw  after  riding  from  the  pain- 
ty who  Sired  on  him,       • '^rty  going   towards  his    house, 
v/ho,  ashe  supposes,  lie.  royed  oi- took  away  the   residue 
of  his  household  good^,    lid  broke  «he  window  glass,  sash, 
doors,  and  did  consideraUJe  damage  to  his  house,     Fred- 


S6 


BARBARITIES  OF 


'■•  •  '  ■•,  if 


cricktown  was  on  fire  about  the  time  the  first  partt^of 
the  British  came  to  the  deponent's  house.  rj,^ 

Witness  my  hand, 

c  .        ^      .  MOSES  N,  CANNON. 

Sworn  to  and  subscribed  before  me,  a   iiistice  of  the 

^uTJ'lll^        '''^"^^'  Maryland,  this  fourteenth  day  of 

H.  B,  f  EWNINGTON. 

I  do  hereby  certify,  that  being  in  the  fort  atPrcderick. 
4own  on  Sassafras  river,  on  the  morning  of  the  skth  of 
JWay  last,  when  a  battle  took  plaee  with  the  British  and 
the  milma^under  the  command  of„ colonel  Thomas  W. 
\eazy,  I  distinctly  $aw  the  enemy  from  the  time  they 
iirst  came  m  yiew,  and  discerned  no  flag  of  truce  or  tmy 
hing  resembling  one.  1  he  enemy  after  some  resistance 
landed,  burned !rederick.and  Georgetowns,  and  destroyed 
a  great  deal  of  other  private  pi^operty.  My  house  about 
right  miles  gri  thariw  f^om  the  fcrt,. was  plundered  by 
thcmontbeirway.de      the  riy^r.  ^-  >. 

r       r  t,  r^    V  JNO.T.  VEAZY. 

taamfras  necf^  deciL  county,  June  20M,  1813 

Sworn  before  U.  b    PENNINGTON. 

[Here  foli.>w3,  in  the  printed  volume  of  docurrt%nts,  a 

Etaiement  of  the  species,  quantity  and  valuation  of  pron- 

tfty,  burnt  or  otherwise  destroyed  or  taken  away,  by  the 

enemyatFredeiicktown  and  Georgetown,  the  amount  of 

At  Frederickto^^n  jDols.  15,871   07 

At  Georgetown  19,755  81 


Totul  bjirnt  and  destroyed  or  taken  off  55,636  88 

1  his  statement  is  .signed  and  authenticated  by  Messrs. 
John  J.  Cosj  John  Maxwell  and  James  Blackiston.] 

c'  Af  1  .   ,.    ,  Easternyiore^  Maryland. 

feiR—MultipIied  engagements  and  forgetfulncss  sue- 
ceeding  each  other,  h^ve  prevented  my  forwarding  to 
$Qutui3  statement  of  the  depredations  committed  on  mv 
propei'ty  ^at  Sharp's  Island,  by  the  enetny  while  in  the 
tbe^^peake.  On  the  I2ih  of  April,  while  I  ^vas  in  the 
act.  ol  removvig  my  stock,  &c.  they  landed  unwarHs  -f  an 

»  —  __^_^ — 


^^r' 


.NNON. 
tice  of  the 
enth  day  df 

Frcderick- 
i«  smh  of 
irkish  and 
lomas  W. 
time  they 
ice  or  ^ny 
resistance 
destroyed 
ouse  about 
indcred  by 

EAZY. 

5TON. 

urr^nts,  a 
of  prep- 
ay V  by  the 
unount  of 

371  07 
755  81 

■-  'I 

)36   88 
r  Messrs. 

'■] 

f-yland, 
less  sue- 
rding  to 
i  on  my 
e  in  the 
s  in  the 


THE  ENEMy.  g^ 

^^tlf^tl  '"*'"  andprevemed  my  removingany  thing.  They 
dtiainedmeon  the  island  until  the  irth,  in  whiih  tiZl 
they  «rere  principally  engaged  in  getting  wat^r     Decut 

cT■•^:h:re^i:^t^'''''tr'^^'"*•'=''  -•■  '"eothe^ffi, 

awavshoLlhl'^  ■'."?■  °^'''''  *'°"=''  °'-  8"^'"  "nd,  taken 
kirn  was  ?  ^.fi ''r '"''  "^  "  ''*"" '"''«  Admii-al  Cock. 
wi.h  .hfL  "  j'"'^'''  ■"  l'"»  'imc  sent  up  the  bay 
en's  shin  anTa'  f  «^:=»"^«'"  »»'  'h'  fl-^et-  Admiral  Wa.-^ 
IZ  Wh  .  ?  "^T  '*'"''"  ""'J'  ™««ined,  about  the  isl- 
Ueive  cL.ir.V"?'^?'"?''  '"«"'y-"B'«hogs,  foursheep, 
l«elve  pattle,  thirteen  bush.l»  of  Indian  corn,  and  inforn,' 
ed  mc  that  they  should  allow  the  following  prices  fo  Them  • 
hp,  two  dollars  and  fifty  ce«tS  ,  sheep,''  fwo  dX,^  am] 

W  pertsLT"'!\  '"'■•*''•'"  """-^  -P'«-  •'  -no,::  dt U 
IfUm^X  the  ^""'r'""™  to  the  island  some  week, 
aitei  wauls,  the  accounts  were  made  out,  to  the  amoui.t 

e  nme.Maf'^'rV""^  seven  dolla..,bik  on  thci.  ,'o  ! 

larsTn^rect     LV'''r°""''  "^^t"  about  lif.y  four  dul- 
lars  snspecie.    Before  I  returned  to  the  island,  the  licet  ha-l 
all  gone  down  the  bay.     1  understood  from  .h^  inh  Ait 
ants,  living  ,„  s.gh,  ^f  „.e  inland,  that  the  enemy  h."l  H.! 

xLTl^^d  ta?e„?lLrf  "''•"= '^'"'''   •  '""'"^"  'O'-'''"^'' 
.t  fiLf    f-,         '"J^ '■*'*«?' '"  number  uhielv -one;  sU. 
ty.five  ofwblch  were  one  half  and  three  Iburihs  blood   me 
rinos,«ndon.,full  blood   ram,  wlmh  cost  me  nmct  Te 

thrtJ.h'4ed    nli.'^'T  government  P>.  one  humlLl  .-J 

w::''L^°h";d:tl'i'i7r:r^-''ip::-'-'^'  -">  -'.io. 

w       .         II        ^-^  »^7  tmQiiiai  Warren  lor  lus  imro'Tin- . 
beauty  ui;d  bictd,  and  who  rorhi'rl      c     sv  ""co.iiiUoa 

head    •  ?  »»'»vr«^^.:  ,    •        F»^*"»i>e  ot   two   ciojluis   pci* 

Uutlast'vish    =,.        f^'',™'' '"'''  ""^'"S  P'i"cil>JIy  f;o' 
tms  last  visit,  at  twelve  hundred  and  three  t:  II ,.        .       i 
appear  by  the  following  sta'tcmcn;;     ""Cc  u.llai.,  .s  ,>..l 


dd 


BARBARITIES  OF 


believe  left  on  Ihe  Wand      TKl.  V      **  "ayonetcd,  and  I 
ourma,uif.ct"ires.  ^  l""  M"-c.ume  ,va,  ul„,ed  at 

,  .'*''?,?'•«  ,""'  ''e  a  loss  of  at  least  20  per>  cent    imon  th* 
nils,    sold  here,  and  p,„bably  a  total  lo.s  1?  i  TaU  for 
the   Untisli  government  to  pay  ihoin.     Ad.l  thi.  I,  .1? 
.n>o...u  above  given,  make,  ^.I  torioXa'd'oult 

Your  Jiiencl  and  i-ervaht, 
^  JACOB  GIBSON. 

On  the  sroth  J„,,,  ,8.3,  ca.e  Jacob (^::r^:::'f:^. 
ii^e,  one  of  the  justices  of  the  peace  for  the  s,4e  a  Murl! 
and,  and  lor  Talbot  county  aforesaid,  and  made  oafh  ^  t h^e 
Ho  y  Lv.„.,eU3t.of  Almighty  God,  that  what  is  conrained 
m  tbewuhin  instrument  of  writing,  is  just  anc' true  a, 
stated,  us  near  as  he  can  ascertain.  ^        anc.tiue,  as. 

,^,^    ,  .  WILLIAM  IIARRlSOiSr.     • 

.iW  have  the  honour  to  enclose  the  copy  of  a  letter 
from  Ueiitenant  Re.d,  giving  the  parii^itJars  of  the  loss  of 
the  schooner  Asp,  and:  the  inlniman  conduct  of  the  cnemv 
to  her  coniniander,   Mr.  Sigourncy.     Another  letter  froni 
le|termnt  Read  ot  the  same  date,  mentions  that  no  part  of 
thd-^nemys  force  were  then  above  Biaefestone's  island. 
He  far  her  states,  that  in  their  attempts  to  land  on  the  Vir- 
ginia siiorc:,  they  iiavebeen  invariably  repulsed. 

Very  respectfully,  &;c. 


C.  MORRIS, 


(Copy.) 


jrj      »»  uo/n/ii;  lun. 


THE  ENEMY. 

United  Stalet'  cutter  Scor/ii, 


89 


o         T   .       .,  ^"'""lac,  July  33d,  IB\2.  '* 

S,a_It  IS  w*h  much  pain  I  have  lo  infonn  you  of  the 
death  ofpoorSegourny.  who  wa»  killed  a  few  days  atro 
(I  cannot  say  when)  gallantly  defendine  hi»  vessel.     He 
was  aiucked  whilst  lying    i„  Kinsale    Creek,  by  three 
launches,  and  after  a  sharp  conflict  beat  them  off     Th" 
however,  on  gaining  the  mouth  of  the  creek,  were  reinforr' 
ed  by  two  more,  and  again  renewed  the  cinflTct     Abom 
(his  ume  Mr.  Segourney  got  wounded  through    he  boX 
1  he  crew  on  seeing  him  fall,  having  no  oIHcer  capab^  of 
lejidmg  them,  jumped  overboard,  and  gained  the  shora  • 
when  the  enemy,  who  by  this  time   succeeded  in  «ttn.^ 
on  bo,.xl  finding  the  colors  still  flying,  a,ul  Segourn^ev  I! 

K^'a'm^Xr'^''-^'^''^"'^''--  -'  -'">  ^e  b'^. 

thinking  them  toostrpng  for  him,  had  ran  the  scCr  o,'^  , 
.hore,  in  which  sHuat.on  the  enemy  f.und  her,  and  not  b 
mg  able  to  get  her  off,  set  her  on  fire.     The  miliii.    I  ow" 
e.er,  (who  must  have  been  slow  in  collecting)  by  tl  is  thiTe' 
go  down  and  beat  them  off,  retook  the  schooner  and  e«h! 
guished  the  Hames.  exim- 

o»rsott'  ""'"'""'"''^^'■•^^Soui-ney  with  the  hon- 

I  have  not  hoard  any  thing  of  the  crew. 
•  I  "JH,  sir,  yours  respectfully,  ■ 

eafit.  C:ur,c,  Mirris,  V.  S.  f,ls^!'Mutl  ^^  ^^^^0.  - 
doubted.'^"  "'"  ^  '"""  ^'""^  ■'"""""'^  "•''«'>  '^nnot  bo    . 


Extract  ,.J- a  letter  f ram  midMjiman  II.  M.  M'Ctintr,rb 

^'''^f  f'n^-le,  July  mk,  1^X3,  to  the. ecrcarZonnZ^^ 
vy  department.  ^  •'  '"'  "" 

We  were  attacked  by  fire  boats  j  we  coniin.mrl  ->,: 
he  same  as  b-fo,^.  but  having  so  fe^  men  wc  "ere  urabi 
torepel  the  enemy;  uKen  they  boarded  us  ihev  refbt'! 

^^n.f^:^^^^  "--  --  "Pward.  oFfif^'r,'! 
--     ---;.-.xv-,  r,-aicnc^a,pciicu  US  to  icuve  thc  vesseK  iis 

pep's 


I 


# 


90^ 


m 


BAII8AinTlRS  OF 


Sxtrarl  of  a  lettrr  f  -'*'     ~  '%■ 

^"lH  20<A,  1813       "    -^^i^SMa  milUiu,  <iu,.dJCin.atc 

color:  IrSe'K;  17^^  "^  "P'-«   >^efo,.e  ,u 
•m.e,  their  n„,„be..san»";'''f':'  "'"'  ^''"  "^   < 
"«y,  n,igh,  have  bee.,  rX^  ,  ol  >,  Tm"/'**^  »""  ^«v. 
TOake  il.eir  escape,  could  I  h„  °      '"'"'  '^*'<"-e  li  <v  ci,uld 
termifecl  ,«en.     The  t^^lL n,    '  ="="'"" '"ilcd  tw,„,y   d». 

l^^dy,  bur  continued  tofitht  till   h    ?     '""""''   """"Sh    ''is 
■here  were  ii,r.y  or  filty^f  ,  '  e'^'emr.'  "/''-"'i'y-     W,.e„  ' 
«hoo„e,'s   c-ew  asked   fo    onnn?,^,   "  f''''  °' "^  "^f 'he  . 
h'm.    At  this  instant,  i|,cfi,J'n,.?'  ''•'■^''  '►^^  <lcnied 
facapc  by  suiinn)i„s  „   fJ';LT/"»»;ni"g  Wade  their 
"naiantly  »hot  ih.ough  tbXad     ''^        ''  ^*goumey  was 
s«  on  lire  and  ille  b-u-ges  .wlj  off      -r^""'  *="'  shortly 
bravely,  and  M'CIintock  <  eScd^'h.  ^ '"'  "^""'^  '■°»e"t 
-citt  .0  .t„.e.raner  the  c^l^LVK  ,:::' -o^.^i^ 

SiR-On  '"'unoV  niehtthe  n"XT*7""'"'y*  '«13. 

comisling  of  one.  .evfn  yt, ,    \^Tf  ""  ^'"«'"''''  «"*  (• ' 
and  three  schootiers,  ancho,.^,i    1  '^^'&atcs,  one  brio- 

cracokc  bar  ;  about  laj'b^c  k   „'  °"*   "-"r  '"''<=    '"••'>«>  "^' 
Portsmouth,    by.persons    f  «,;,"o::r'"'^™^''of  it    .n 

«tely  got  up  and  ordered  the  cmtertn"'."-  ,   ^    '"■■'"«<)!-' 
runup  to  is'ewburn  and  give  t  e  ah,^       "u?"  '^'"X'  and 
.but  madea  very  nano>v  es^ane  f,.        ?'  "■''''^''  ^he  dick 
was  obliged  to  bcato.e^e  ,«Lh  ""  •"'*  ^^'^^^'  "^  »he 
while  they  could  row  ;  stU-.'^    ^^'""^  ''!"*■  »"<!   tide, 
miral  Cockburn   intended  to^^hlvr'-''',  '   '"="<='•«  Ad- 
the  purpose  oC  robbing  , be  b,„t. '?"^''   ^"*hurn,  for 
the  cutter  n,aking  heroes  :p''eo'i':hr.'^"*^'"'''  ^'^ 
he  said  such  was  bis  intention    a.S  I  ''"''"  =    ""leed 

.cJ  because  the  barges  did  noT'tal^e  iTer'  "}"f  ..""^rerat- 


•t-iC, 


[ 


"•e,  and  re-. 

r  of  tk^  id 
fd  Kintalc, 

before  tho  . 

y  Jind  sty* 
t^^t'V  could 
tWf'nty   de- 
be  lore,  (he 
't>"gh   his  , 
r.     When 
'lie  of  the  , 
*is  denied 
'i»iie  their 
Jiney  was 
*s   Shtilljy 
!rs  fought 
''•^i  g^Uvh. 
s  wounjl- 

1813. 
Hoh  fleets 
>ne,  brig- 
VQm   C)"-' 
'^^  it   -.11 
^n*oedi- 
^>'j  and 
ihe  dici^ 

as  she 
Kl  tide,, 
^e  Ad- 
lin,  for 
ted  by 
indeed 
spcrat- 

4.1 


f 


THE  EKEMY.  ^  v 

ti-u.«nd  r.g«r:;:  ::^t^^^^^  le  .  than   thre^  . 

captured  th.  privateer  bri^An^i^n^T"^      l?  '^'^'"  •  ^^^'^ 
the  letf      of*marcurarhLn     Tu*'''^  New. York,  and 

^^s- ;^it  rSi&  Y^°~^ 

clothe,  «Ul.^l  irav.n.tl^i^r'""^"^'''''''  ^'>'W^"'« 
•smmitteU,  and  S  cnmni  -^     °"'''  ''^  "°  depredations 

;;'<i -y. " i-in'omr ^^'^^T^ ^fV", '''='"  '"^^ 

«>■•  well  knowing  it  wasimn       k.         •  f' "'    ""^   '^'"  "'■ 

tl'e  two  places  two  hunrirp,  ^=Ji  >  ^'•,  ^  '"y  '""'^  "T 
«oa  rfxteen  r.undr^  fo^.  w^4  fh"  """"f ''  ■^'"'^P' 
the  inhabitant,,  some  of  whol.    f  7  r^'''  '"""•^"=''  'O  P«y 

they  have  ruiaed  a  mo&t  a  on  '""":'''' """-"g  ;  in  short 
Bend  my  trunk  with  wbat  bond,  .n  f '*"'•  ^  ^""^  ''""=  '° 
longing  to  the   UnitecS    „r^™^  "'■«  ■>«- 

escaped.  I  also  had  t  m^l^  ,'  ""^  ''T'^  "'«  '="««'•  which 
»Wc  pa,x..-s  belong  h?'tVtl^ol '  ^"'^  °^"'^  '""^'  ^'«'»- 
''cy  destroyed  my  office  ert^^l^  '  "  ''^^^  ^  ''"''"'«■ 
publick  and  p:.iJe  ,h„<'"dl?^'  ^''V  P^P"  '"  '''  ^otb. 
otherprope,?yof  m'iltL  .■  .Ti'j^y  '"^""y  ""^  =•" 
dred  dollara  worth     SfdfJn  ."^  ''"'''  "'«'"' eigjit  l.nnl. 

ty-four  where  U  ey 'deTaineri  n,     ,  ""^  f"  ''""'^  "'^  »'=^''n- 

days  before  thev  disc«vm.Lr  '  war   on  shore  two  . 

sume  they  sSe  „„  l^d  t ''"'  "  P"''"^''  °'^=" '  ^  P--«=- 
lerthey  had  kerZunt  1,°  '"■"'"'  °'''«'-'-«'i°n-  Af- 
turaed  me  adrilt  in  the  oil    ^  «-e re  ready  to  start,  they 

Sp^iards,nMoneof  whom  wf  ^  ""?"  '^*'  ^'"h  f""^ 
more-ihan  myself! in  con,?„,r'  acquainted   with  the  bar 

the  breakers  and  ve-vnar?"'"''^  '''"''''  ""^  ^°*  '■"" 
these  thi„ssvver«  ,n!;f.,"f:i°:':'y  ^'.«P«'  being  lost ;  all 

JftWe  admiral  Cocii,burr"'fT"J?'''"*,'"'*''="°'">''"'c  hu- 
^ocsbu,  n.     t  believe,  from  the  conycrsa- 


I 


IMA6E  EVALUATION 
TEST  TARGET  (MT-3) 


I' 


A 


V 
^ 


1.0 


I.I 


1.25 


■-  IM 

150     ""'^^ 


IM 

22 

1.8 


U    11.6 


m   _A_ 


(] 


Sciences 
Corporation 


^\^ 


« 


iV 


:\ 


\ 


.'^ 


(feV^     ^>\  WrS 


23  WEST  MAIN  STREET 

WEBSTER,  NY.  14580 

(716)  872-4503 


"^^"^    '^' 


4s^ 


n. 


BARBARITIES  OF 


^  I  overheard,  that  they  intend  to  visit  Beaufort,  then 
Wilmington,  and  m  on  to  the  southward. 

My  return*  shall  be  made  as  soon  as  I  can  gejt  what  re. 
mams  in  some  kind  of  order. 

Very  i'e8j^ccai4J5&^ 


Oh  the  niiTOifg  of  die  3d  May,  tKe  day  thi  British  ufi-^ 
der  commandlqf  admiral  Cockburn  made  the  ouack  on 
the  town  of  Havre-dp-aracc/,  pn  my  murn  from  the  com- 
Monr  where  I  had  deposited  some  ammunillca,  I  observed 
an  officer  on  th6  horse  of  Mr.  Jkmes  Wood  of  iliis  place, 
a  few  paces  in  a  S.  Wt  mrhcfion  of  thk  cliurch.    Ai^  fif st 
sight  I  wfaf  of  opinion  it  w^  one  of  bur  oflSfcers,  which  t 
Uiougjit'io  beadjutaiit»fKlnna,havitf^  heard  but  a  few 
rox)mentsrbefore  the  voice  of  Jo'hn  O'Neill  ciringoutin 
^2}ir^^  ""*  *^f|F^  "-mett  return^  we  can  beat  the  rascals 
off.      I  was  however,  dfeceived^as  thtsoffecer  was  !lhe  per- 
son who  took  O'l^^cill  prisoner  whiit  in.  the  act4»fentiTat- 
i!?.l/!lf  JPiJ^ia  to  return.     Not  knowing  at  what  tiihe/ 
ONeillwasUkcnbyhim,  I  advanced  in  a  dii^ction  to- 
wards  the  church  on  my  way  to  thje  magazine,  to  assist  in. 
carrymg  off  moi^e.  ammunition,  when  I  discovered  in  the 
ifdnt  of  the  church  a  file  of  marines.     'Jo  the  best  of  my 
recollection  J  was  then  at:A  distance  of  from  100  to  150 
yards  from  th6  offlcert>n  hbrse-back,  and  I  think  about  the 
same  from  three  mUiUa-men,  when  this  officer  fsaid  to 
|4|Ueutenant  Westfall)  with  a  druwn  sword  iii  his  liand,  - 
ipcing  the  onlifqghe  carried,  cried  out  two  or  three 
times,  "will  j;ott  surrender  ?»'   one  of  the  miliUa  men 
made  answer,  but  wh4t  i^was  I  could  not  diiJtinctly'  hear, 
and  imipcdiately  iTAcd  on  hini,  and  it  is  said  wounded 
him  m  the  hand.    Finding  it   impossible  to  reach   the 

magazine,  the  marines  thtn-beihg  round  tire  church, which 
was  contiguous  to  it,  I  bent  my  course  towards  Mr.  Sears' 
tavern  in  hopes  of  finding  some  of  the  Bnilshbffibers  there, 
and  bv  entreafy  to  save  some  of  the  pi ivate  property/ 
wjrtch  I  was  fearful  would '  be  destroyed.  On  reachinL- 
Ml%  Sears*  sign  post,  I  found  Jhe  fii^st  division  of  boats  had 
just- reached  the  wharf,  and  two  Ikrge  guns. were  fired, 


th£  enemy. 


93 


lufort,  then 
t  what  re« 


tritish  ufi«: 

attack  on 

the  com- 

r observed 

Ms  place,. 

At  first. 

9  which  I" 

biit  a  few 
ing  outin 
bf!  rascals 
IS  ihe  per- 
9f  entreat- 
vhat  time/ 
Action  to-.' 

assist  hi. 
ed  in  the 
St  of  my 
0  to  150/ 
about  the 

(said  to 
[}is-  Iiandyv 
or -three 
ilia  men 
ily  hear,; 
wounded . 
ach   the. 

h,  which 
r.  Sears' 

rs  there,, 
property, 
'caching 
oats  had . 
re  firtd, ; 


01T5  of  which  threw  a  ball  on  the  roof  and  knocked  off 
some  shingles;  th6  firing  then  ce««ed,  when  two  other 
gentlemen  with  myserf  advanced  on  the  wharf  and  asked 
for  the  commander  of  that  divi^idnofboat^.  ^  pei^ojl 
wham  I  supposed  to  be  a  midshipman  from  his  appearance, 
answered  «  captain  Lawrenc4  will  be  hire  diimtly  ;*'  ha 
then  asked  a  numbeV  6t  q^Xcstions,  -kich  ^,  have  you  any 
newspaper,  how  many  mlUtia  have  you  and  where  are 
they  stationed,  where  is  y<>ur  post-office,  &c.  &c.  to  all  of 
which  we  carefully  avcidi&d  giving  any  direct  answer. 
Some  of  the  barges  then  Warped  up  alohg  side  <rf  the  wharf, 
when  r  thought  it  most  prudent  to  leave  them,  being 
fearftiLthtit  I  should  be  made  a  pris<>nef.  I  then  walk- 
ed  u)5  towards  tie  ferry  house,  ibllowed .  by  the  two  «en. 
tlemen  who  went  with  me  on  tb«  wharf ;  we  were  met 
by  an 'Officei?  who  iminediately  ofrclered  lis  backv  After 
reaching  thi^ow^er  end  of  the  wharf  the  midi^i|Hiian  before 
mentioned  said-^-sir,  tbb  is  daptjOb  l^wrencfe^  to 

the  officer*    Lftwrenc^  theii  adersssed  us  in  words  to  thiso- 
mount, «  what  havei  you  got  to  sa^  for  yourselves ;  where 
18  your  raayot*  or  chief  magi&iu-at6  r*  He  wa?  told  we  had 
no  mayor,  and  there  was  ho  magistrate  in  the  place.    He . 
then  asked,  "4re  you  prepared  to  ranisom  tbe  towa?"  I 
a^ked  hirti  what  $um  he  demandcid  j  he  said  about  20,000 
dolUars.  We  told  him  no  sueh  sum  could  be  raised.  "Why 
then'V  he  replied,  «*  did  you  fire  Oh  us  ?  had  you  not  done 
Uiati  iehd  hung  out  a  Sag  we  would  have  tieated  you  bet- 
ter."    I  then  asked  Mm  what  was  thefr  intention  incom- 
ing, and  in  what  manhar  they  wouldhave  acted  had  a  fl^ 
heenhungout  oh  their  approach*     Tothe  first  question, 
he  gave  rto  answer  but  after  a  short  pause  observedj'*- about 
one  half  the  sum  now  demanded  would  have  been  taken." 
He  was  then  told,  sm<111  as  that  might  appear  to  him  it 
could  not  have  been  i  aiseil.     Then,  says  he  turning  hasti- 
ly  round,  *'  in  three  quarters  of  an  hour  your  town  shall 
be  in  flames  ;  you  shall  now  feel  the  effects  of  war."     The 
said  captain  Lawrence  then  went  into  the  tavern  of  Mrs. 
Sears  and  with  two  or  three  men  brought  out  a  bale  or 
boxofgood^  (which  was  said  to  have  been  lodged  there 
the  night  before,  belonging  to  a  lady  in  Georgetown)  and 
hiaced  it  a  few  narfta  In.  f'nnt  r»f  fk«  u^.,<.«  •  — 


VS..t.i4V    iiVM^V 


^!-Tvr%f  V  ,—  ••   'x^l^.  '^  fs  ^ 


,       M.^VkXVt 


UI««jt«vi 


n^^^^  BAMAHltlES  OF 

(name  iifikno#n)  entered  afterwards    and  brought  otrt»i 
Becond  box,  and  placed  it  near  the  first.    Captain  Law* 
rence  then  turned  to  him  alid  said,  "sir,  I  haveplacefi^ 
a  guard  here,  wemiist  now  ail^dto  other  business  ;  we 
will  see  to  this,"  pointing  to  the  goods,  "to-night."     The 
order  to  fire  the  houses  was  then  giveu,  and  captian  Law- 
rence walked  ddwfl  street  and  entered  the  store  of  S.  Hogg 
and  Co.  the  dooi-  of  which  had  been  previously  broken 
open,  anda  few  meii  were  in-  lhe^acti#f  taking  off  vi^ear- 
ing  apparel,  &c.  others  had  got  to  thfe  counting  room  dcbk 
in  search  of  money,  scattering  the  paperr,  fitc.  on  the  floor* 
The  sh&roeful  act  of  piUering  the  goods  was  however  re- 
seired  fot^  the  redoubtaWe  captain  Lawrenpe  ;  he  it  Was 
who  first  began  th&rshamefili  scenes  so  disgrctecful  to  an 
officer,  by  taking  ddHira  knivesv  forks,  &o  saying,  *»  ha  I 
the  very  things  we.  want,"  and  turnnig  round  called  in  a 
fresh  set  of  plunders  a^d  salcl^.^boyS)  hcrejs  fine  plUn* 
der  ;"  the  me^  did  not. wait  a  second  xnvit^UOn  j  but  set 
la  with  their  M^orthy  iisadep,  and  m  a  shoi?t  time  emptied 
tho  stor«,.excepting  some^  articles  which  ^ere.  of  iiul« 
value..-;.     "^  ^,;'    ■■^.^x■^..:■  ■■  -"r-^- -•■•■■•■■  \.,'„:.,:--,  V  .,  ^;,. 

P;  B^r^  \Vhen  I-found  that  captain  Lawrence  ordered' 
his  men  in  the  store  and  gave  the-ordcr  of  plunder,  I  re- 
monstrated with  him  OB  the.  impropriety  of  such  proceed* 
iikg,  and  observed  that.  with. civilized  nations  at  warpriv* 
ate  property  had  always  been  respected.  Hd  replied  in 
a.  liasty  manner,  "you  ought'to  be  mote  particular  in  youv 
choice  of  representatives ;  you  .wanted  -war^ni  you  shall 
uowfeeltheeffiects-^^  W/ T.  Kr 

Sworn  to^vthis  twentyMh  dt^. Of ilBn©,l»  13,  before 

ELIJAH  DAVIS/ 

PersonaUy  came^.JsCmes  Wood,  of  Havre-de-Orace,  be* 
fiire  me  the  subscriber,  one  of  the  justices  ofthe  peace  fo» 
Hartford  county,  and  made  oath  accordii^  to- law  ;  that 
cm  Monday  morning  the  Sd  of  May,  1813,  between  day- 
light and  sunrise,  as  he  was  riding  in  the  town  of  Hav re- 
de-Grace he  discovered  some  men  in  the  act  of  hauling 
up  the  shore  a  piece  of  artillery  that  had  been  mounted 
«B.tl\a  battei7)  and  from  their  dress  and  the  dulhicss  of 


:THE  ENEMY,  9^5 

♦hetnorninghc  took  them  to  be  Americans,  nop  did  he  di«-' 

cover  his  mistake  UQtU  he  was  made  prisoner  and  compell- 

«d  to  dismount ;  upon  wMcb  the  officer  commanding  the 

British  immediately  mounted  iiirhorse.     A  short  period 

after,  he  was  ocdered  on  ho;^dof  a  targe  in  company  wiijli 

some  other  prisoners,  which  barge  was.  mored  up  to  Mn* 

Sear's  wharf  in  con^jany  with  other  barges.     Some  short 

4ime  after,  he  discovered  a^house  at  sonie  distance  from  the 

crater  to  be  on^fire, which  excited  some  surprise  (the  hoi)9e 

belonged  to  Mr.  ^ohn  Tucker).be  observed  to  the.  cock- 

Bwain  of  the  boat,  there  was  a  house  on  fire,  asked  if  he  did 

fiOt  suppose  it  to  Jbe  sf  t  on  fire  by  a  rocket;  he  replied, 

t^  /lerha/is^  it  might  j"  directly  after,  I  saw  the  British 

kindling  aiire  in  the  yard  of  Mrs.  Sear's,  and  asked  them 

for  what  that  iwas  intended ;  the  cockswain  answered  to 

*ct  Ph^t  home  on  lire  |  J  then  asked  th«m,  why  you  are 

not  going  to  bum  the  building  i  The  reply  from  an  offi- 

/rer  on  board  the  same  J}sa*ge  (and  who  I  believe  bad  not 

been  on  shore)  was  **  yes,  sir,  we  sh^l  Uy  your  town  in 

.ashes  ;"  and  in  a  few  minutes  I  saw  a  general  conflagra. 

tion  of  the   greater  part  of  the  best  buildings,  during  the 

timrl  remainedon  board,  which  was  until  a  very  short 

i'lme  before  they  left  the  place.     Is^wthe  officers  as  well 

as  the  men  in  sma!l  squads' bringing  on  board  the  barges  as 

iheylay  at  the  wharf, /i/M»rffrf4  property  of  almcu  every 

description,  and  depotitmg  it ;  dudng  the  time  an.  officer 

brought  en  board  a  large  trunk  or  box,  and  calling  to  one 

of  the  men  sa'd  <M  wij|  give  you  two  dollars-to  take  care  of 

this  for  me  1  this  iV  mf .  owii  phinder  ;  this  was  a  stage 

passenger's  property,  and  therefore  is  mine."    He  further 

declares  that  he  has  no  knowledge  of  any  flag  of  truce  be- 

4ng  held  out  by  the  Iritish,  nor  does  he  believe  tl»ere  was 

.4iny. 

"  JAMES  WOOD. 

Sworn  to,  this  twentyiif^h  day  ef  June,  I « »3,  before 

ELISHA  DAVIS. 


Personally  came  Roxana  Mpore,  before  me  the  subscrib- 
er, one  of  the  justices  of  Harford  county,  of  Maryland, 
and  made  oath  according  to  law  5  that  on  Monday  morn- 
ing the  3d  of  May,  in  conscqwence  of  firing  of  the  of  British 


ad 


BARlARlTmS  6lP 


I  *■ 


itttii  the  U><«^n  of  HaVi^HjciOrace  I  fled  fot-  «ttfely  TfWv 
hjrtbMia.^Wtr^  from  hdme)  into  the  f^mt  of  Hie  house  ki 
THiWh  I  Uttd  ;  that  upon  the  fifing^  hating  «toptV  I  came 
MP,  attd  irtceting  an  officer  on  iforsdbaek,  and  \?ho  was 
wbujidcd  in  tUe  hand,' I  applied  to  Mm  for  pW)t>5cti6n,.fe«iN 
Jig;  ihjwty  from  some  of  the^en.  He  replied,  «<  1  <?ill  iiot 
hUHyoii  nor  shall  my  men,  but  I  will  buiti  your  home." 

uf.U^^^^^'l/^'"*  ^  ^*^**^  "^*  t^^  ^ut  of  it  AVith  my  ttttle 
childreo.    He  replied  »«thcn  I  will  hum  yt)ur  house  M^eh 
you^^nd  yoar  children  ill  it."    Thcy^itjce^ded  a  lifile 
nmhcr,  and  after  hayings  set  firef  to  ti#:^eiglibbtir  Ri^har^ 
Mf^«fieM»8taveni  house,  a  nufhber  oF  them  returned  a^d 
bcg^n  to  pillage  and  phifider.     TOcy  took    the    whole 
0!  my  bed   cldtbes,   my   own  cWthes,  aftd  all  myehiW- 
r^ns,  even    to   my   youngest  chiW's   a   baby   not   t#o 
i^inths  6!d,  together  With  my  cradle   fumimre.     Upon 
f%  sblicitm}*  them  to  spare  me  some  few^things,  one  re- 
plied «  I  Will  lake  every  thing  1  tan,  its  What  we  eame 
*or/   And  immediate/  seized  a  ^hawl  from  around  my 
neck,  and  which  was  at  iltat  time  nearly  all  tb^  coverfeji 
rtty  httle  baby,  whom  I  htild  in  my  arms  had,  and  earricl 
itawayj  they  more  than  onte  put  fire  to  the  houSe,  but 
lit)m  the  exertions  of  somo  of  my  neighbours  it  was  as  often 
jput  Out.    ;  ' 

^  ^he  f\irther'aeglar8s  that'she  never  saw  any  flag  bfti^ce 
h«d  out  oy  the  British,  nor  does  She  beliere  there  was 
any.  "  .  .;^j-'---:., 

-,  \.  ,.  ROX ANA  MOORE. 

SWtim  to,  tiits  twentyfifth  day  of  June,  is  1 3,  before 

JBUJAR  DAVIS. 


li  1 1 1 


Persoftally  came  Richard  Maiiftfietd,  a  eitj-zen  of  Havre- 
de-Grace,  before  the  subscriber,  one  of  the  justices  of 
thepeatfe  for  Harford  county,  Maryland,  and  made  oath 
accordmg  to  law  ;  that  on  Monday  mopmng^  the  third  of 
May,  iai3,  being  in  his  own  house  about  s^mrise  and 
Viewmg  the  British  barges  as  they  came  up  the  river, 
they  keeping  up  a  continual  firing  into  the  town  until 
they  reached  Mrs.  8 ears'  wharf,  being  about  two  hundred 
yards  below  this  depinent/s,  when  the  firing  ceased  ;  they 
tien  landed,  and  as  well  as  he  could  disco wr, at  the  dis- 


THE  ENEMr.  jf' 

Unta  from  which  he  stood,  immediately  launched  atwen. 
ty.rour  pounder  onboard  a  feny  bo«,  which  bilged  her, 

W  om  ^.hh'^ '"'r"  ''"^«*«"a,  soon  .,  they  moved 
her  out,  and  n  a  few  minutes  went  down  {  durinir  this 
ume,  two  of  the  barges  kept  moving  slowly  up  toi^d, 
ttas  deponent's,  and  as  «K,n  as  they  had  landed,  ^^l 
officer  ran  to  thi.  deponent's  ferryboat  and  called  out-I 
«ther«isnothmginher;"  «  cast  her  off,"  was  the  nnW 
which  was  instantly  done.  'Hns  deponenTand  hi"S^ 
bemg  at  this  Ume  on  the  wharf,  discovered  a  British  X 
cer  on  horseback  with  several  men  at  his  heels  raakinR  to 
his  house,  upon  wluch  he  returned  and  met  them  "few 
yards  ,n  front  of  his  hous*.  This  officer  whose  name  tbU 
deponent  since  learned  was  lieutenant  WestlaU.Td  who 
was  wounded  th«>ugh  the  handr  immediately  oHered  the 
house  to  be  set  on  fife.      This  deponent  remonTr.  ed 

T^^  '" -r  P!;»«?«^«'  "■■gwg  i*-B  being  unpreceSel 
among  civilized  nations  at  war,  to  burn  and  destroy  pri^ 
vate -property:  that  when  nations  were  at  warall  pubUck 
property  became  fair  objects  of  destruction;  but  that  pr^ 
valf  property  had  heretofore  been  respected  except  sS^h 

r«   '^Hi       ''^,''"^^^'  «"•  'il^t  might  be  taken  as  pi-ovis- 
ThUH  ""^Ply  r»  "by  G-d  it  should  be  burnt."_ 

r!TtT?T/'"^^''^^^^'"«  *>«»  ^n'e  "i'h  the  offi- 
hmlJ^^,  h  ^  ?■■  '•''"  '"°''«*ble  property  that  was  in  the 
house.  It  bemg  furniture,  stating  to  him  ,/.ar  t/mt  was  the 
deponent's  only  dependence,  and  was  all  he  had.  He  re- 
pUed  generally,  by  ordering  his  men  to  bum.  DurW 
this  conversation  the  men  were  in  the  house,  breakini 
and  destroymg  every  thing  before  him.    Mr.  kinR  theS 

coufd't^r  "^'"^  -""r^.  '«'"'•'  «''y^"S  that  wlfateie" 
could  not  be  saved  m  that  time  might  go.     The  officer's 

ZiVa  •*.?."'*•'  '"""^di^tely  they  .commenced,  and 
had  the  dwelling  house  on  fire  in  four  different  places  ia 
ILTl^T"-  '^"''.^  '!«P°''ent,  with  Mr.  King,  continued 
to  solicit  for  permission  to  save  some  furniture  •  after 
some  tifive,  lieutenant  M  ett/all  observed  "  you  ma'y  save 
What  yott  can,  and  what  you  can  save  shall  not  be  dis- 

1  ' 


98 


BARBARITIES  OF 


which  ^r'edt'coe  fu'l  forHh'^r.im'  ""?"!!»  ««™" 
uees  convinced  us  what  litted^n^^^'^ '■'"''' *="'  "'"■ 
on  the  word  of  a  B^Uish  offlr,,  '^  m  "''"  "^^  '°  ''«  P'«"<' 
cers,  carried  off  whl'h!SK'  "'»''«  ">«"-  "dedbyoffl. 

considerablf  rUk  T^ed "f^^'Xtr,"  "yj^'-"-"" 

were  Mowed;  ripping  up  beds,  throwing  the  feathers  to 
the  ai.-,  cutting  up  chairs,  breaking  open  desks.  &c&c 
Ihe  oWccr  who  made  the  attack  on  a  watnut  desk  t^ 
fused  to  have  it  unlocked,  but  after  breaking  ^en  the  IW 
discovered  the  inner  door,  exultingly  eSed    ah     r 

Je™sk"s!!lr°sr '  "''"^"  °-  '  "•"  -<l""nted  wCh  iiii,  ' 
uesks—or  some  expression  to  that  amount  •  ami  iJ;  J^: 
ately  brok^  open  and  continued  his.searha;  if  for  moi^' 
After  having-  destroyed  and  carried  off  near  v "he  S 
of  this    deponent's    property,    and    seeing  ihrbuildh^ 
burnt  down,  they  moved  down  to  Mrs.  Sem' wha  f  aS 
joined  the  other  barges.     This  deponent  wa;,Vn  advised 
by  some  of  his  friends  to  apply  to  sopje  of  the  officers    and 
ipdeavour  to  get  some  of  liis  property  hack     which  h« 
did,  but  found  such  obstacleu  in  the  way^l,at,  aft™in^ 
a  looking  glass  and  some  two  or  three. articfe;  of  smal  vaf 
ue,  he  gave  it  up.    But  upon  meetine  the  admiral  i„  !^ 
he  reftewed  his  applicati.^,  "nd  Iffe'r"  s,^rtSe?asT 
.  reeled  to  go  on  board  and  get  what  he  could      tTu  f 
.ponent  then  stated  the  impossibility  of  succeSune  Tvihn,!; 
an  officer  to  accompany  Jiim.-An  officer  ^^LSn 
after  repeated  attemptsto  get  some  of  his  praperty  h^was 
irom  the  abuse  .and   threats  of  beinjr  run  thro uo-h    "1 
a  sword    from  an  officer  of  marinef,    for   clZtj  h  ^ 
.property,  compelled  to  decline  ^'ny  further  exeS  ^'f 

^^iJT"  ^^  ^^'^^^^\:^ 

This  deponent's   observations    belns    confinerf/n   l,u 
.^h,«se  and  its  immediate  neighb<,rrho5  "^clT .^^'^ 


deponent, 
ng  flames 
few  min- 
be  placed 
edbyofii. 
:tions  and 
e  enemy 

and  car< 
;ht  as  to 
hen  corn- 
id  saved, 
t*  .barges 
athers  to 
&c.  &c. 
deski  ^e- 

the  iid 
I,  ah  I  I 
opening 
imtnodi- 
'  mohp\% 
ic  wh<:^ 

uildings 
arf,  and 
advised 
fs,  and 
lich  he 
getting; 
lall  vuU 
persQn 
was  di- 
his  de- 
^yithout 
n— -but 
he  wi^s 
b  with 
ng  his 
>n3  af- 
:?very 

lb   his 


THE  ENEMVi  ^y 

set  on  firelbat  wel  not  Z;umed      A  n      k""'? ' ''"' 

John    n»j«^n    „     ^    «j  "  >outn  or  about  seventeen,  ana'^ 

O'Neal  A«n^  if  he  could      r?^'T.!''"^  '^  "°"'''  '^"'V' 
chafued  on  DamU      -r.,-       "  ^eal  has  since  been  dis^ 

S^om  to  this  twenty-fifth  day  of  J^  ^S!l^'  ' 

EJLU AH  DAVIS.    ;' 


,  No.  VIII. 

,  OUTKAGeS    at   HAMPTOJf. 

^tractcf  a  letter  from  General  Taylor  to  Jdmr,.„,  w 
rcn,  dated  Head  Quarter,,  Aorfol,  2m  ineXT"'" 

celWmhT''  *'"•  e"«f  "nd  astonishment  of  the  ex- 
jiTtLn^  'LP?Pr^  and  persons,  committed  by  "e 
DM.  T?i^  '  ,'^''°/°°''  possession  of  Hampion.—The  res! 
mekA  l"  ^'"'  y""-- personal  character  le.ds  me  ,0 

make  known  these  excesses.    Ii  would  not  b.iome  me  ^ 


•  tf  » 


1«9 


BARBARITIES  OF 


"  ?h«  h„^         r  course  of  enquiry  and  punl.hment  is  due  t* 

■  l^u  ,n  h      "k'"*"'"  '^'»»— B«' '"«  *o-''l  will  suppose  .ho* 

■  ^  ol,,  -.k"^  approved,  if  not  excited,  «hkh  a,e  past^ 
■' »n„  J!  "^  '"?P""i'y-  I  do  not  however  deprLte 
•■•ny  measure,  which  you  may  think  necessar,  or  proper 

-Jjut  am  prepared  for  any  species  of  warJare,  which  you, 

Zliu^  f'T"^,  •""  •'"»«"««•     It  »  .'or  the  Lite  of  C 
.  maniiy  I  enter  this  protest. 

..I.iy^*?'''  '"  tW&partof  the  country  merely  in-.!-s  no- 

.  .dictate  of  our  warfare.    The  character  it  will  hereafter 

...kssurae,  whether  of  mildness  or. ferocity,  will  ma.eriauj 

,  .^^P^l  on  the  arst  operations  of  our  arms  and  on  the  pe  ^ 

•:.  •manL«"''p°'  and  dispositions  of  the  respective  com. 

Tnot        f°^'"y»e'f..  la»»ure  you  most  solemnly,  that 

.;.  J  neither  have  authorized,  nor  will  sanction  any  outraw 

.   «n  humamtyor  the  laws  of  civilized   warfare.     On  thl 

■  •  t„°?hr't  ^  ""'"'  "  '■"'  "°  '"»  '»  "y  personaf  ho„our"tl « 

: '  i  h„,t^?K  Tl '""""''; '°  "P""""  ""•  P""""*  «very  exces* 

•  'Ln.^^     ''*'"*  ^*"'r*"-*  ""'  be  reciprocated'    ItwUI 

■   ^?  w^,     u  ,y  •"  "'''^"'"  ""^  '"'» «»'eparal>le  fr„m  a  state 

n«r„r    !'"'".f"rr°P^™'''""'  ^e 'empered  by  the  mild. 

.  -ness  of  civilized  life,  or  under  ycurauthority  be  agBra- 

•tdlhem  ••  "'"^'"  P''"'°"»  "^'^b  canb/instille'd'in. 


Admiral  Warren  to  General  Taylor. 

■  ITu  Brttannick  Majesty^a  shift    San  JD^mthgo,  Hamfiton 
'  Hoada^  C/ieaa/ieake  Bayt  June  29,  1^13. 

'^fl^'^}  ^^"^^  ^?  acknowledge  the  receipt  of  vour  letter 
o\  thks  day,  statmgr  thai  you  had  communicated  to  your 
eovernmem  the  proposal  of  an  exchange  of  prisoners,  and 
also  that  some  excesses  had  been  committed  by  the  troops 
m  the  late  aff.ir  at  Hampton.  I  have  communicated  to 
my  friend,  sir  Sidney  Beckwith,  the  commander  of  his 
majesty  s  forces  on  shore,  this  part  of  your  letter,  and  he 
will  have  the  honour  of  writing  to  you  upon  the  points  to 
which  It  alludes.  •  *^ 

I  beg  leave  to  assure  you  that  it  is  my  wish  to  alle- 
viate the  misfortunes  of  the  war  commenced  against  my 
country^  by  every  means  in  my  power  :  at  the  same  lirae 


Brigfad 
[States'  tr 


jnt  is  due  tm 
ppose  thou* 
ch  are  pass- 
'  cJeprecatc 
)i  or  proper 
which  youi 
ake  of  hu- 


m  tra  no- 
i  hereafter 
I  materially 
on  the  per- 
ctive  com- 
imnly,  %h^t 
my  outrage 
.  On  the 
)nour,  thj^n 
sry  excess* 
^.  It  wiJI 
"pm  a  state 
'  the  miJdf 

be  aggra- 
iistilled  in« 


jour  letter 
A  to  your 
)ners,  and 
the  troops 
inicated  to 
[er  of  his 
r>  and  he 
points  to 

h  to  alle- 
;ainst  my 
%me  tim.e 


THE  ENEMY.  iqi 

tVe^twTnSs.'^  "^^^  *"^  ^'-''  ^^^^  -^^r  ensue  between 

r<5lcrn-.^\  ^  ***^®  ^^^  honour  to  be,  &c, 

^    Admiral    r.K    M     ^^HN  B.  WARREV, 
Brigadier  fca?   T  '  ?^"''  ""^  commander  in  chief. 
State&s^t^Hampto'r^'*'''   commanding   the  United 
^  true  co/iy_JAMES  MAURICE,  Major,  acting 
assistant  Adjutant  General.  ^ 

Sir  Sidney  Beckwith  to  General  Taylor, 

Bia  Majesty's  ahi/i  San  Domingo. 

SiR-Admiral  sir  John  Warren  havJh/"""  ^^'  '®.*^- 

of  which  you  comrtaTat  Hamn,     ^''"'  V''^'  "'«  ""^sses 

«<,■  <ui  eyewiinets,  I  could  not  have  crerlirrrl  i>  ii. 
the  recent  attempt  on  Cranev  Island  ,h.  ,"*""?''  «•  At 
tunk  by  the  fire  of  your  Tun,  m.  '  "^  T^'P'  '"  "  ''"'•ee 
boat.  Severel  AmlriJL^.  i'  ""^  '°  ""^  *'«''  °f  «'» 
wded  off  from  the  iS    '  J  •"""'*  y°"  "">''  «oIemnly, 

fired  upo!,t™d  It I'ttTo"  nr*' t^^^^ 
iiaturaltQ.suchaproceediL;hI  ;   .^"''  a  Iceling 

«  Hampton.       P~"'*''"e>  '^e  men  of  that  corps  landed 

|-time„ts  of  ho Jur  aldTlanSis  Ze^a^ne^^tl  t^ 

(^'ened)  SIDNEY  B/cK'^vfm 

,    Brigadier  General  Tavlor    J^"'"''"- f'^'^''  Oenerai. 
|St««^troop3  at  Norfolk?     •    ^""""""••"S   the    United 

^  true  c<./ij,.-.JAMES  MAURICE,  Major. 
^g.3  acting  ajsisunt  Adjutant  General. 


102 


uXRBARirir.S  OF 


ITtad  Quarterty  A  orfolky  July  1,1813; 

Sir— .It  aflbrcls  me  ihe  highcBt  saiisfaction  to  receive 
your  assurunce  that  you  wish  "  to  curry  en  war  with  every 
attemion  to  the  unfortunate  individuals  in  whose  immc« 
diate-  viciniiy  military  optrations  may  take  place." — Such 
sentiments  can  alone  give  splendour  to  coirruge  and  con- 
fer honour  on  military  nkill.  Worthless  is  the  laurel 
steeped  in  female  tears,  and  joylebs  the  conquest  which 
have  inflicted  needless  woe  ob  the  peaceful  and  unresist- 
ing. The  frankness  with  which  you  admit  the  excesses 
at  Hampton  is  a  guarantee  against  the  repetiiion. 

I  cannot  doubt,  sir,  your  conviction  that  the  scene  des- 
cribed by  you  at  Craney  island  \vas  really  acted.  But 
by  the  very  reason  it  appeared  to  you  incredible  and  in- 
human, it  should  have  been  unauthorised.  Your  own 
perception  of  propriety  shall  decide,  if  facts  should  not 
have  biten  asceituined  and  redress  demanded,  before  retal- 
iation was  resorted  to,  a  retaliation  too  extravagant  in  its 
measure,  applying  not  to  the  perpetrators  of  the  alleged 
ofience  on  their  comrades,  but  to  the  innocent  and  help- 
less. I  have  reason  to  think  that  you  arc  mistaken  in 
your  impressions  fJi*  the  conduct  of  ourtroopj*.  at  CraiM)y 
island — that  they  waded' into  the  water,  on  the  sinking  of' 
ygur  boat,  is  true — but  I  learn  that  it  was  for  the  pupose 
of  securing  their  conquest  and  assisting  the  perishing-— 
one  person,  perhaps  more,  was  shot,  but  it  was  only  for  a 
continual  effort  to  escape,  aftei'  repeated  offers  of  safety 
on  surrender-r-such  at  least  is  the  representation  made  to 
me.  If  however  your  yielding  troops  have  bejsn  butch- 
ered, it  is  due  to  the  honour  of  our  arms  tp  disclaim  and 
punish  the  enormity.  The  fame  of  my  country  shall  nev-^ 
gy?  be  tsrul^i^ed  by  such  coRduct  in  the  troops  under  my. 
coinmitl^ti*  1  have  to-day  ordered  an  enquiry  info  the 
factsi  by  a  N^ird  gf  field,  office rs--pro per  measures  shalL 
be  taken  to  pfll^^S*^  whatsoever  of  impropriety  may  have 
been  committed.  I  fli^tter  myself  you  will  perceive  in 
these  measures  a  disposition  to  afford  no  cause  of  re- 
proach iaany  future  conflict.  When  we  meet,  letu^com.. 
bat  as  soldiers,  jealous  of  the  honour  of  our  respective 
countries,  anxious  to  surpass  each  other  as  well  in  magna- 
nimity as  in  pdurage. 


THE  ENEMY. 


\0T 


Acccptt  sir)  the  asburance  of  my  high  consideration  and 
respect, 

(Signed)  ROBERT  B.  TAYLOR. 

Brig.  Gen.  commanding. 
To  Sir  Sidney  Beckmth^   Q*  JM,   General  commanding  Mr 

land,  forces  qf  //,  iJ.  A/*  Hamilton  Hoadus 

A    COTY, 

JOHN  MYRES,  Aid-de-Camp. 

Extract  of  a  Utter  ftom  Briff.  General  Taylor^  to  the  Sec*- 

rttaryo/,  fVar^  datedy 

j\ orjolky  2d  July y  IB  IS.      ' 

I  enclosed,  as  was  promised  yesterday,  copies  of  the 
letters  written  to  Admiral  Warren  and  General  Beck  with. 
My  aid  who  carried  them  down  yesterday,  b|»ught  back 
a  letter  from  Admiral  Warren,  of  which  a  cop^is  enclos- 
ed, and  has  made  a  statement,  of^  what  occurred  in  his  con- 
fere  nxie  with  the  General. 

Th  letter  of  the  Admiral',  though  polite,  is  certainly 
not  responsive  to  any  thing  which  has  occurred  ;  and  the 
conversation  with  the  General^  though  equally  civil,  is 
obviously  designed  tq  prevent  any  further  discussion  of 
the  subject.  From  the  report  of  prisoners  and  des^ters, 
there  is  too  much  reason  to  believe,  that  before  theattackon 
Cranky  Island,  the  cupidity  of  the  troops.had.been  excited 
by  a  promise  of  the  pillage  of  Norfolk;  to  inflame  their 
resentments  after  their  failure^  and  to  keep  alive  the  hope 
of  plunder  at  Norfolk,  there  is  much  reason  to  fear  that 
our  troops  have  unmeritedly  been  charged- withnoiscon* 
duct  at  Craney  Island,  and  that  made  a  pretext  for  their 
excesses  and  their  conduct  at  Hampton.  I  entertain  no 
doubt  of  the  justification,  of  the  honour  and  magnanimity 
of  our  men,  by  the  report  of  the  board  of  officers*  I  do 
not  m3an  that  the  subject  shall  drop,  but  when  I  communi- 
cate the  report,  I  shall  leave  the  British  commander  the 
alternative,  either  of  adopting  similar  measures  in  his  own 
army,  or  remaining  under  the  imputation  of  having  excit- 
ed the' "  troops  to  commit  thesQ.  excessep.  Our  troops-^are 
highly;  inflamed. 


lOi 


BARBARITIKS  OF 


.  ....  .  V     - 

JVbtet  for  cafitain  Myer9  in  hU  interview  with  Mmiral 

Wavrtin* 

A  defenceless  and  unresisting  town  has  been  given  up 
to  iiidiscpiminaie  pillage— though  cif  ilized  war  tolerate* 
this  only  as  to  foruaed  places  carried  by  assault,  and  af- 
ter summons. 

Individuals  have  been  atripped  naked— a  sick  man 
itabbea  twice  in  the  hospital — a  sick  man  shot  at  Pem- 
bnoke  in  his  bed,  and  in  the  arms  of  his  wife,  long  after 
the  defeat  of  the  troops — bis  wife  also  shot  at  and  wcand- 
ed,  a  Mr.  and  Mrs.  Kirby. 

Females  have  i^en  not  only  assaulted  and  personally 
abused  and  struck— but  even  violated. 

Ifoccasl<||ofrer8,  notice  may  be  incidentally  made  cf 
the  infbrmMn  given  by  prisoners  and  deserters  of  the 
promise  to  punder  at  Norfolk. 

As  to  the  imputation  on  our  troops  at  Crany  Island,  if 
admiral  Warreri  should  mention  it,  deny  the  fact  and  state 
the  actu-J  conduct  of  our  troops,  in  going  into  the  water 
to  assist  their  men,  and  then  giving  them  refreshments  as 
soon  as  they  entered  the  fort.  Refer  to  the  conduct  of  all 
our  pr^oncrs,  particularly  those  taken  from  the  boats  of 
the  Victorious. 

JNO.  MYRES,  Capt,  and  Aid-de-camp.  . 

(Copy.) 

Ifead'QuarlerSf  A'orfollc,  July  ^d,  \B\3. 

SiS— In  obedience  to  your  orders,  I  proceeded  yester- 
day with  a  flag  of  truce  to  admiral  Warren  in  Hampton 
Roads,  to  whom  I  handed  both  the  dispatch  for  himself 
and  that  for  6h  Sydney  Beckwith.  The  admiral  receiv- 
ed nic  with  civility,  and  with  many  acknowledgement*^  for 
tbetermsof  your  letter.  Sir  Sydney  was  on  shore  at 
Old  Point  Comfort.  Feeling  some  difficulty  about  the 
propriety  of  delaying  on  board  for  his  arrival,  I  was  about 
to  depart,  but  admirul  Warren  expressed  a  wish  that  I 
would  remain^  saying  that  he  would  desire,  no  doubt,  to 
giv^  a  reply. 

Sir  Sydney  did  not  arrive  till  8  o^clock.  Be  express, 
ed  great  respect  for  ihe  motives  that  had  actuated  you,  sir, 
Ir*  the  measures  which  you  were  pursuing— ihey  wer© 


THE  ENEMY. 


103 


iven  up 
oleratei 
and  af. 

:k  man 

Pcm- 

g  after 

wc4nd- 

'sonalljr 

lade  cf 
of  the 

and,  if 
id  state 
water 
lents  as 
^tofall 
sats  of 


813. 
jrcstCP- 
imptoft 
kimself 
i^ceiir- 
nt^  for 
I)  re  at 
ut  the 
i about 
that  I 
ibt,  to 


Dress* 

J-  -  -  -_ 

3U,  sir, 
wer© 


more  than  he  deslrcd-i-it  was  sufficient,  he  said,  if  your 
own  mind  was  saiisfied.  He  expressed  regret  at  the 
trouble  you  had  taken,  and  much  deference  for  yourchar- 
.icler— with  a  resolution  to  vie  with  you  in  efforts  to  con- 
fine future  operations  within  the  bounds  of  humanity  and 
usages  of  war.  He  said,  in  allusion  to*  the  pretended 
conduct  of  our^»en  at  Craney  Island,  that  it  proceeded 
no  doubt,  from  a  few  of  the  more  disorderly.  I  denied  the 
charflfc  ai'.ogether,  as  I  had  done  in  my  previous  interview, 
when  it  was  made  the  justification  of  tlieir  outrages  at 
Hampton,  on  the  ground  of  retaliation. 

1  found  that  ii  was  not  his  intention  to  give' to  your  des- 
patch a  written  reply.  By  the  light  manner  in  which  he 
glanced  at  the  subject  of  your  investigation,  I  could  per- 
ceive that  it  was  pressed  farther  than  was  desirable  to 
him.  It  was  my  w:sh,  however,  to  be  able  to  report  to 
you  the  problplity  of  a  like  course  of  enquiry  on  his  part, 
and  I  enumerated  the  catalogue  of  abuses  and  violence  at 
Hampton.  I  mentioned  the  pillage  of  the  town,  and  the 
wanton  destruction  of  medicine.  That  individuals  had 
been  stripped  naked.  A  sick  man  stabbed  twice  who  was 
in  the  hospital,  A  sick  man  shot  in  his  bed  at  Pembroke 
and  in  the  arms  of  his  wife,  who  was  also  shot  at  and 
wounded,  long  after  the  defeat  of  the  troops,  a  Mr.  and 
Mrs.  Kirhy-— >and  finally  the  assault  oti  females,  their  be- 
ing struck  and  personally  abused  and  even  violated. 

At  the  mention  of  the  murder  of  Kirby  and  the  wound 
given  to  his  wile,  sir  Sydney  distinctly  admitted  it.  The 
ethers  he  appeared  not  to  be  acquainted  with  the  partic- 
ulars of,  and  expressed  some  concern  at  it.  He  said^ 
that  he  had,  however,  on  coming  to  a  knowledge  of  their 
conduct,  immediately  ordered  the  embarkation  of  the 
trooDs  that  were  concerned,  with  a  determination  that 
they  should  not  again  land,  and  that  while  he  was  unable 
to  control  a  past  event,  the  responsibility  of  a  recurrence 
should  rest  on  himself.  That  the  troops  under  his  com- 
mand were  stranger::  to  him  on  his  arrival  here,  and  ap- 
pealing to  my  knowledge  of  the  nature  of  the  war  in 
Spain,  in  which  these  men  (meaning  the  French  corps)  he 
said  had  been  trained. 

Thus  far  he  thought  he  coul4  not  gi?e  a  more  coDviac* 


1^ 


3:/\RBARITIE:S  OF 


ing  proof  of  the  sincerity  of  his  prrtfcssibRs  than  in  the 
yithdrawal  of  these  troops,  and  that  he  had  moreover 
just  been  employed  in  finding,  a  new  watering  place  on 
Back  river  in  order  to  remove  fi-om  Hampton  and  to  quiet 
the  minda  of  the  inhabitants. 

He  assured  me  that  in  making  such  a  pledge,  as  he  was 
doing,  it  should  not  be  lightly  regarded — that  he  would 
either  send  away  these  troops,  or  wait  the  arrival  of  others 
far  new  operations.  He  concluded  by  expressiiig  a  hope 
that  you,  sir,  would  in  future  use  no  reserve  in  communis- 
eating  any  subject  of  imprQpriety,vand  on  his  part  that  he  ■ 
should  certainly  do-so,  with  a  due  regard  to  the  liberality 
of  your  conduct.  Me  hoped  the-  subject  was  at  ,rest,  I  • 
Uok  my  leave*.       I  have  the  honour  to  be,  kc^ 

JOHN  MYRES,  CaM 
and  ^id''de*cam/i\ 
Brig,  Gen,  Robert  B,  Idylor^  JVarfo/k,^.  ^ 

Mxtracta  qf  a  letter  f ram  Gen,   Taylor,  to  air   Syd/tey  ' 
Beckwlhiguarter-master-generali  commanding  the  land  ' 
Jorce  of  H,  B,  M.  at  Ham/it^on  Moada^  dated  head^quar^,  - 
tcray  July  St/t,  I &1 3 . » 

"  Khave  now  the  honour  to  transmit  to  ybu  the  pro- 
ceedings of  the  board  of  officers  convened  to  enquire  into  ' 
the  transactions  at  Craney  Island. «-  They  doubtless  will 
convince  you  that  iir  that  affUir,  the  American  troops  mer-  - 
ited  no  censure  ;  that  their  conduct  was  distinguished  by  •' 
humanity   and  magnanimity  j  and  that  the  distance  to 
which  you  were  removed  from  th6  scene,  by  rendering  it 
fffipossible  that  you  could  be  informed  of  the  motives  of 
their  conduct,- unhappily  Jed  you  to  draw  conclusions  e- 
qually  mistaken  and  unmerited.  - 

You  have  done-me'  the  justice  to  declare,  that  the 
mfasures  pursued  by  me,  evince  a  disposition  to  permit 
in  my  troops  n»  abuse's  on  humanity  or  the  laws  of  civil- 
ized war.  As  I  cannot  doubt- the  existe ace  of  similar 
sentiments  with  ycu,  1  have  a  right  to  expect  on  your 
Rart,  measures  equally  decisive  and  unambiguous.  If  I 
had  deemed  it  needful  to  forbid  openly  »o  my  whole  ar- 

mv  all  >nrtR  «^r  im'nfArtv'Uifir  .    anA  tn  Alw,^.^*-  «  ^..(.i:_i     : 

ligation  of  char^?s  beliejQd  to  be  unmerited,  but  having 


I 


THE  ENEMY. 


WT 


m  in  the 
moreover 
place  on 
d  to  quiet 

is  he  was 
le  would 
of  others 
kg  a  hope 
ammunii. 
't  that  he 
liberality 
r  ,rest,    I 


Sydney  ' 
the  land 
id^uar-,  - 

he  pro- 
aire  into  * 
ess  will 
►ps  mer-  ~ 
ished  by  ■* 
ance  to 
lering  it 
)tivcs  of 
iions  e- 

hat  the 
permit 
)f  civil- 
similar 
on  your 
.  If  I 
iole  ar- 
ik  inves- 
having  . 


^ 


the  unction  ofyour  imputation,  I  put  to  your  candour  to 
determine,  if  excesses  iayoupuxwps,  admitted  by  your- 
self, and  some  ot  them  of  the  most  atrocious  character, 
should  pass  unnoticed.  My  conduct  and  your  declara- 
tions give  me  a  claim  to  ask  that  these  excesses  be  pun- 
ished. ,  Your  army  will  4hen  learn  the  abhorrence  yoii 
feel  for  such  acts,  and  be  restrained  by  the  fear  of  your  in- 
dignation from  similar  outrages.  But  if  these  admitted 
excesses  are  passed  by,  the  impunity  of  the  past  will  be 
construed  by  your  troops  into  an  encouragement  of  future 
outrages,  and. your  own  humane  intentions  be  completely 
defeated  ;.  neither  can  you  be  unniindful  of  the  propriety 
oC taking  from  my  army  the  pretexts  for  impropriety  by 
a  iknowLedgeof  effectual  restraints  on  yours, 

"  I  am  lully  impressed  with  th«  liberality  of  your  con- 
duct m^  promising  to  remove  th«  troops  who  committed 
the  outrages  at  Hampton  from  the  opportunity  of  repeat- 
ing these  enormities.  .  But,  besides  that  my  confidence 
in  the  gallantry  of  the  American  troops,  forbids  me  to  de- 
sire any  diminution  olyour  force,  such  a  measure  being 
liable  to  misconception  by  our  own  troops,  might  not  at- 
tain yc;ur  object.     The  rank  and  file  of  an  army  seldom 
reason  very  profoundly,  and,  however  erroneously,  might 
ascribe  their  withdrawal  to  the  desertions  which  have  on 
everyopportunitytakcn^plaee  in  that  corps,  and  in   their 
unwillingness,  if  any  should  have  been  displayed,  to  fire 
on  the  American  troops.    >If  this  should  unfortunately  be 
the  case,  your  force  will  be  diminished,  without  securing 
the  great  ends  of  discipline  and  humanity  for  which  you 
had  with  so  much  liberality  made  the  sacrifice.     I  am  the 
more  pressing  on  this  subiect,  because  I  have  reason  to 
believe,  that,  even  sinse  your  assurance,  though  unques- 
tionably against  your  good  wishes,  very  improper  acts 
have  been  committed  by  the  troops  on  James  river.    The 
(lomestick  property  of  peaceable  private  citizens,  respect- 
cd  by  all  civilized  nations,  has  been  pillaged,  and  what  fur- 
nished no  allurement  to  cupidity,  has  been  wantonly  de- 
faced and  destroyed 

"  If  such  acts  are  either  directed  or  sanctioned,  it  is 
important  to  us  and  to  ihQ  world  to  know,  what  species 
o^warfare  the.ad'ms.  of  Great  Britain  mean  to"  wag«.     If 


loa. 


BARBARITIES  OF 


authorized)  it  vrill  be  of  little  practical  avail  to  know  that 
the  director  of  theses rm 8  entertains  the  most  liberal  per- 
sonal disposidons  while  these.dispositions  remain  dormant 
and  inoperative. 

**  If  I  am  troublesome  on  this  subject,  charge  it  to  mi^ 
anxious  desire  that  nothing  may  occur  to  embitter  our 
feelings  and  those  of  our  respective  nations.  In  the  pro- 
gress of  the  war,  charges  of  inhumanity  have  unhappily 
been  frequent  and  reciprocal.  1  am  not  indiftei  ent  to  the 
infamy,  which  such  a  charge  fixes  on  the  officer  who  ci- 
ther encourages  or  permits  it.  I  derive  the  highest  sat- 
isfaction from  the  assurances  you  have  given  of  similar 
sentiments.^  Wc  have,  sir,  become  enemies  by  the  sa- 
cred obligations  we  owe  our  respective  countries.  But 
on  the  great  and  expanded  subject  of  human  happiness, 
we  should  be  Iriends  by  the  sympathy  of  our  feelings.— > 
Let  us  then  cordially  unite,  and  exercising  effectually  the 
powers  with  which  our  governments  have  invested  us, 
give  to  our  warfare  a  character  of  magnanimity,  confer- 
ring equal  honour  on  ourselves  and  on  our  country, 

Extract  from  general  orders, 
Aat.Jdji,  Gen,*a  office^  Aorfoik^  July  7,  1813. 
The  general  commanding,  has  deemed  it  proper  to  re- 
paonsirate  against  the  excesses  committed  by  the  British 
troops,  who  look  possession  of  Hmnpton.  It  has  .been 
attempted  to  jusiify  or  palliate  these  excesses,  on  the 
groui.d  of  inhumanity  in  some  of  the  troops  at  Craney 
Island,  who  are  charged  with  having  waded  into  the  river 
and  shot  at  the  unresisting  and  yielding  foe,  who  clung 
to  the  wreck  of  a  boat,  which  had  been  sunk  by  the  fire 
of  our  guns.  Humanity  and  mercy  are  inseparable  from 
true  courage,  and  the  general  knows  too  well  the  char- 
acter of  the  troops  under  his  command,  to  doubt  their 
magnanimity  towards  an  unresisting  foe.  It  is  equally 
due  to  the  honour  of  the  troops  engaged,  and  to  the 
hitherto  unquestioned  fame  of  the  American  arms,  for 
honour  and  clemency,  that  the  imputation  should  be  in- 

i'CStioratp/1- 
o •- 

If  the  charge  be  well  founded,  the  array  must  be  puri- 
fied by  punii>hment  for  tliis  abomination*    If,  as  the  com- 


Jiow  that 
3eral  per- 
1  dormant 

B  it  to  mi^ 
)iuer  our 
n  the  pro- 
unhappily 
ent  to  the 
'  who  ci- 
;hest  sat- 
>f  similar 
ythe  sa- 
ies.  But 
appiness, 
:elings.— 
tuaily  the 
ested  us, 
)  confer. 
try. 


>  1813. 
per  to  re- 
\e  British 
has  «lbeen 
>s,  on  the 
Lt  Craney 
the  river 
ho  dung 
the  fire 
able  from 
the  char- 
lubt  their 
s  equally 
id  to  the 
arms,  for 
lid  be  in* 

;bc  puri- 
the  com- 


I 


"iH^Ji 


THE  ENEMY. 


109 


tnander  hopes  and  believes,  the  conduct  of  our  troops  ha» 

hcen,p(itscon«tru«jl,  the  world  should  ha?e  an  authSndck 
record  to  rep^  the  impuiatioH.       *•  . 

Heiherefci«e  directs  that  a  board  of  officers,  to  consist 
^f  C9I,  Freeman^prewdienl,  Lt.  Ccds  fioykin,  M^on  and 
Kea^,  do  ppny^ne,  :the:.day  after  to-morrow,  at  s  iSace  to 
be  app<nnVCdiiy  the  president,  for  tlie  purpose  of  invesU- 
gaung  these  charges  and  report  accordingly. 

'  JAMES  MAURICE,  iW^yor, 

*dcting  a8ai9tant  adjutant  ^eneral^ 

'        .J  ?^P.^f/0.*:   THE    BOARD, 

^n«,J^4^nP^MviPgfe«en  gone  through,  the  board,  af- 
ter deliberate  and.matufc •consideration,  dopronouncethe 
following  opinion  1*^ 

Thatitappeavs  from  the  testimony  adduced,  that  on 
the  $Sd  of  last  month,  in  the  action  at  Craney  Island,  two 
t)f  the  enemyV  boats  in  front  of  their  line  were  sunk,  by 
the  fireof  our  batteries  ;, the  soldiers  and  saiifers  who  wer^ 
m  those  boat*  were  consequently  afloat  and  m  danger  «f 
drowning,  and  being  in  front  of  the  boats  which  wercs  ua- 
injured;  to  disable  these,  oiarguns  wene  necessarily  fired 
in  a  direction  of  the  men  in  the  water,  l)ut  with  no  inten- 
tion whatever  to  do  them  farther  harm;  but  on  the  contra- 
ry, orders  were  gi^cntopre  vent  this  byceasing  to  fire  grape 
and  only  to  fire  roun^  6hot  f  it  also  is  substantiated  that 
one  of 'the  ^hemy'  who  had  apparently  surrendered,  ad-  ' 
ranced  towards  the  shone,  about  one  hundred  yaj'ds,'whea 
he  suddenly  turned  to  his  right,  and  endeavoured  to  make 
his  escape  to  a  body  of  the  enemy  whoiiad  landed  aboT,'e 
the  Islatid  and  who  Here  then  in  view;  then  and  not  till 
then  was^ie  fired  upon  to  bring  him  back,  which  had  the 
desired  effect,  and  he  was  taken  imhurt  to  the  Isltoid. 

It  faruhcr  appears  that  the  troops  on  the  island  exerted 
themselves,  in  acts  of  hospitality  and  kindness  to  ihe  un- 
resistmg  and  yi^ldiiig  foe. 

Therefore  the  board  do,  with  great  St^c  ifaction,  declare 
asthcirunbiassed  opinion,  that  the  chari^e  alledgcd  a- 
gainsf  the  irbop&  is  unsupported  ;  and  that  the,  charac- 
ter of  the  American  soldieiy  for  iiuiittamty  and  magriun- 


uc 


BARBARITIES  OF 


^^^^y^^*»  PPt  *>««»  cpmmittcd ;  but  on  the  contrary  ow- 
(SigneiJ)  C.  FREEMAN, 

-      _         .  A.  T.  MASON, 

^       .^t.CoLcommandinga^h  re^t,  infantry, 

/  ■  F.  M.  BOYKINi 

,4^f,Col,  commanding  3d  regt,  infantry, 

T.  READ,Jun. 

-   ^  ^f*COm?nanding  artillery, 

'J*.  cARBER,  recorder, 

A, txue  and  correct  co/iy, 

'•  J.  MAURICE,  itiajor, 

.  Mting  asnatant  adjutant  gfineral, 

Vepy  of  a  note  from  air  Sydney  Beckwith  t%  general  Toy- 
lor,  dated  H,  M,  4tkip  San\Dvmingo,  64h  July,  1813. 
Quavtei:.masler-gcncral.«ir  Sydney  Beckwith  l?cg&  leave 
return  Ins  Nit;ick;i(i\tledgemcW8^to  general  Taylor  for 
l^^pojue  communication,  ^d  to  wspeat  his  earnest  wi^h 
.tlm|n|nilitary  operations  should  be  carried  on  wkh  all  the 
libcr^uy  and  humanity  wbich.bfteomes  the  respective  na- 
tions.    Any  infringement  of  the  e^tabU^cd.usages  pf  war 
v^ill4n§]tanjjy  be.npuced  and  punishe4. 

^Extract  o/,«  ^^^^^ M^irig7 Gen  Taylor,  to Ahek^^ 
u  Tu  V  '2^  «;^^' ^^^f^^^-^^^^v^M  July,  1813. 
"The  board  of  QfficeracoFivened.to  examine  Uie  charge 
brought  gainst  pur  troops,  in  iJie  affair  at  Crancy .  Island, 
have  made  such. a repm as  an  American  could  desire^ 
lenc.o^ed  a.cppyyeiiterday  toahe  IkiUsh.  commander, 
with  alettcrof  which.atopyis  ooclo^d.  .The  bearer  of 
n^de?p^tch  was  jfnet  by  .a .  flag,,  the,.officer..of  w.hlth  re- 

.cc»ed  the  despatch,  and  a^/ew. hours  after  returned  with 
»n  answer,  of  which  a  copy  also  is  enclosed.  I  fear,  from 
the  ^^^encrajity  of  uS:  terms,  that  UtUe  a^diomion  of  the 
system  hnherto  practised,  is  to  be,  expected  ;  but  some- 

.  tlung  IS  gained  by  placmg  the  enemy  so  decidedly  in  the 

,wong.  that  the  world  cannot  doubt  to  whom  is  to  be  aJ! 
cribed  any  excesses  which  hereafter  may  be  committed  on 


TIlE  ENEMY.  ij, 

SStrace/ro*  an  Official  Letter,  addroed  by  Mai.  Crutch, 
fitld  to  Oov.  Sariour,  dated 

York  County f  Half.  Way  Houk, 
«T«-:  ;  .         .        •.  -few  20M,  1813. 

of  tiie  e,Sr„'""'"  tiT'-""  •^*r">^»he  »»''»ge  like  disposition 
bAurS^  ''  .?.  "I*""  B^t^S  possession  of  the  neirh- 
ner&hh""  ^  ^f- "  "r  »"«"^  Although  Mr  hL 
"a  Jef^ton  t^^iJ"""*/  ""'*'"' ""  ""aMne"  might  be  felt 
OT  ye«eM,„^K  "°'^"""'"  Amerlcn^the  fiirt  is,  that 
bSrieH  !  I '^i."^'''"""*  •*"«'■*'  «le«a  bodies  Ivinff  ,.,f.^ 
tS  K*"  "'V'unded  not  even  assisted  into  town,  a!- 
&.n«?JL':f'"''.'r,'=''^"''J"S  towards  a  cold  and  in'h^. 

Shf cL^wio/r'"  [''*  ""f-""""'*  fern"!"  of -Hampton 
Tn  the^"ot  ,°L'''*''r  ''•^'"'"'»'  *«f"»  suffered  to  be  abused 
foe  it..  .K.  '^""'fi''  •"""'er,  not  onlv  by  the  venal  savage 
SL'r^^K".f '"''"?'*"*  *'"'  fofJiu^ta  blacks  who  were  en- 
couraged by  them  in  their  excesses.     They  mlh„ed,  a.,-! 

wife  in*^h    K-*'**'\'*"  •"*™  '"='"''■"'  "eoU  shooting  his 

dog  while  lying  under  his  feet.  The  murdered  Kiibv  was 
»ymg,  last  night,  weltering  in  his  bed."  ^      ' 

^'c^f^^'^^"""  '^■Conner  of  the  Cavalry,,  to  ' 
Charle,  K.  Mallory,  M,,..Ueutenant  Goye,„ouroJFir. 

ksiviniTrif 'f"^^^  in  Hampton  with  my  troops,  that  place 
«   .Wy  toorf  ran  cold  at  what  I  eaw  and  fieard—Tbe'kw 

gratuUle  us ;  tears  were  shedding  in  every  corner—  he  in. 
amous  scoundiels,  monstci-s,  ditroyed^le?y  ^„^Z 

J  ,>  tha  mmen  ^ere  ravished  by  the  abandoned  Huffiam  ! 

r=?r„S«"^''?„tl.";^^l«"<'  V-^*?  '^i'"  violence  by 
fn  «»»„i..Ti;"'-  '  "■""'"\'""'""">^  American  arm  present 
to^venge  their  wrongs  ?  But  enough-I  can  no  more  of 


113 


BARBARITIES  OF 


"  Thejr  have  received  a  reinforcement  of  20C0-~tn  all 
6000  mtWancl  NMolM,  c>i*  Rlchiii^na  ia  tlSeif  immedlaie 
aim.  Protect  yourselves  froin  sudh  scenes  aa  we  have 
witnesiied.  They  retired  id"  gi-cat  confusion,  leaving  be- 
hirid  3000  wt.  ijeef,  mi^^kcts,  ammunition,  canteens,  £cc. 
&c.  and  some  of  their  meni  whdm  We  tobk. '  It  is '  8upp..s.' 
ed  that  tlifey  apprehended  art  immediate  attack  from  1 600 
of  GUI'  men  which  eaufeed  them  tb  rjrtrcat  so  p^ccipitate- 
ly .  My  friend,  rest  assured  of  one  thing  ;  that  tlie^  can- 
not conqtier  Americans— they  cannot  stand  theiT^—^if  we 
had  I'SOo  men,  \*c  sboUId  have  killed  6r  taken  (he  greater 
pai'tof  them.**  ^  '  ^ 

J^vom  the  tame  to  the  aame^  dated  Jftnatead'a  Mill,  near 

Mam/iton,  July  \k)th,\Sl$,  ' '^ 

He  ATI  Friend— 

"  Your  favour  of  the  7ih  has  just  been  received  through 
the  politness^f  Major  Cruichficld,  who  had  it  forward- 
ed to  me  at  this  place.  I  am  surprised  to  heaf  that  J^ou 
have  among  you  a  man  who  would  endeavour  to  apologise 
for  the  unprecedentad  villainy  and  brutal  cbndtiTct  of  the 
enemy  in  Hampton.  Be  ataured  ef  me^fact^  that  fhat 
which  Unformed  you  of  in  my  laat^  wo*  atriekiy  tTU&.  '^ 
.  «*  You  request  me  to  make  known  to  ycu  a  few  of  the 
distressing  particulars  in  «  way  which  will  force  conviction 
ufjoh  the  minds  bf  the  incredulous.  I  ivill  attend  to  It,  ftiy 
friend,  that  you  may  be  enabled  to  confoond  such  with 
positive  proofs.  At  present  you  must  content  yourself  with 
the  ioUowing,  and  belUii'e  itUa  hti^^ualyak  any  fact  be^ 
yond denial:   '-'^  :   '  ■ --^i-'-nnX-^^^  --'-  ^  '^^'^^^-  <■;.■  v..-,:.  ;,(•,:;. : 

Mrs.  TurnbuU  was  pursued  up  to  hef  waist  in  the 
WMer,  and  dragged  on  shore  by  10  or  13  of  these  ruffians, 
who  satiated  their  brutal  desires  upon  her  after  fulling 
off  her  clothes,  stockings,  shoes,  &c.  this  was  seen  by 
your  nephew  Keith,  and  mariy  others.  Another  case—a 
married  woman,  her  name  unknown  to  me,  with  her  in- 
fant child  in  her  arms,  (thie- chHd  forcibly  dragged  from 
her)  shared  tlie  same  fate.  Two  young  women,  well 
known  to  manV)  whose  names  will  not  be  revealed  at  t^ia 


i}:\ 


THE  ENEMY. 


113 


1^0— m  afl 
immecfiute 
wc  have 
eavlng  be- 
|tcen8»  tec, 
ii  suppws- 

riecipitate- 

iT*— *if  we 

fi€  j^reater 


W/V/|  near 


I  through 

t  forwiitcl- 

that  ii^ou 

fetor  «he 
that  ifiat 
liT.  '^ 
5wof  the 
onviction 
to  It,  my 
uch  with 
pselfwith 
fact  bc' 

St  in  the 
i  nifHahs, 
r  fulling 
seen  by 
r  case~a 
h  her  in- 
ed  from 
en,  well 
d  at  fhi9 


time  suffered  in  like  manner.  •Dr.  Colton,  Parson  Hu!- 
son  and  Mrs^opkins  have  informed  me  of  thohe  partic- 
ulars. Anotncr,  in  the  presence  of  old  Mr  Hope  had  her 
goirn,  8cc.  &c.  cut  off  with  a  sword  and  violence  offered 
in  his  presence,  which  he  endeavoured  to  prevent,  but  had 
to  quit  the  room  leaving  the  unfortunate  victim  in  their 
possession,  who  no  doubt  was  abused  in  the  same  way.— 
fOld  Mr.  Hope  himself  was  stripped  naked,  pricked  with 
.  a  bayonet  in  the  arm  and  alapt  in  the  face  ;  and  were  I 
to  mention  a  hundred  cases  in  addition  to  the  above,  I 
do  not  know  tliat  I  should  exaggerate."    %  ..,„ 

Extract  qf  a  re/tort  made  to  major  Crutch/leH,  by  TAomaa 
Griffin  and  Robert  Uvelij<,  Eaqrt.  dated 
^,  _,  , .        „  YoRi,  4th  July,  1813. 

Upon  reachmg  Hampton,  a  scene  of  desolation  and 
destruction    presented   itself— The    few  inhabitants   wc 
found  m  town,  seemed  not  yet  to  have  recovered  from 
their  alarm— dismay    and    consternation    sat   on    every 
countenance— reports  had  reached  us  of  the  \iolence  and 
uncontrouled  fury  of  the  enemy,  after  they  bad  obtained 
possession  of  the  place— their  conduct  in  some  cases  be- 
ing  represented  such  as  would  have  disgraced  the  days 
of  Vandalism— our  feelings  were  much  excited,,  and  we 
deemed  it  our  duty  to  piirsue  the  enquiry  as  far  as  prac- 
ticable,  and  areiiorry  to  say,  that  from  all  the  information 
we  could  procure,  from  sources  too  respectable  to  per- 
mit u^  to  doubt,  we  are  compelled  to  believe  that  act* 
of  violence  hiive  been  perpetrated,  which  have  disgraced 
the  age  in  which  we  live.    The  sex,  hitherto  guarded  by 
the  soldier's  honour,  escaped  not  the  rude  assaults  of  supe- 
rioar  force^  nor  could  disease  disarm  the  foe  of  his  ferocity, 

•^The  fbrm«r  o^these  gfiitremm  acted  as  lurgeon  to  the  detach, 
m«»it-  lateljr  sutipaed  at  Hwipton,  and  is  a  younj  geaUeman  of  the 
first  rc.pecub.lity-.the  latter  i.  'president  if  the%cademy  ^t  thafc 
place,  and  suads  deservedly  high  in  publick  estinmtoa.  Mrs.  Hopkia, 
iuTicMciit/  ''^''^'y^'^^  respectability,  and  ,of  the  most  unqueXna- 


J.     •wl.!- 
T      


Thb  -wonhy  old  geaiieman  is  faowtng  beneath  the  pressure  of  ase 
being  near  70  or  older ;  has  a  numerous  family,  aoit  of  &em  loos,  no# 
« the  Kiv we  •£  Uxcir  country.  "  ^    ,   ww 

2 


114 


BARBARITIES  OF 


The  apolo|<y  that  these  atrocities  were  commitied  by  the 
French  soldiers  attached,  to  the  British  forces,  now  in 
our  waters,  appeared  to  us  no  jusiificatiotiof  those  who 
employed  them,  believing,  as  we  do,  that  an  olTicer  is,  or 
should  he,  ever  respc-^p^^^'f  for  the  conduct  of  th«  troops 
under  his  command/' 


To  the  Editor  cf  the  Enquirer, 
Sir — Having  just  returned  froth  Hampton,  where  I 
made  myself  acquainted  with  all  the  particulars  of  Brit- 
ish outrage,  whilst  tliat  place  was  in  their  possession,  i 
am  requested  by  many  persons  to  communicate  through 
you,  to  the  publick,  the  information  I  have  given  them*  I 
do  this  with  no  hope  or  expectation  of  satisfying  those 
who  require  other  testimony  than  Major  Cruichfield's  or 
Captain  Cooper's.  I  too  well  know  there  are  those  among 
us,  who  will  still  doubt  or  pretend  to  doubt.  But  as  \  be- 
lieve this  clasd  to  be  few  in  number,  and  inbignifi(.ant  in  the 
publick  estimation  ;  as  I  firmly  believe  that  a  large  major- 
ity of  all  political  persuations,  are  open  to  conviction  and 
feelingly  Jilive  to  their  country's  wrongs  j  I  cannot  with- 
hold fiom  tnem  the  facts,  whose  simple  recital  will,  ac- 
cording to  their  difTerent  temperament>  inflame  them  with 
rage  or  fill  them  with  horrour.     ' 

My  nume  you  are  at  liberty  to  give  to  the  publick,  6r 
only  to  those  who  inquire  for  it,  as  you  think  proper.  I 
have  rea^pn  to  believe,  that  those  who  know  me,  whether 
Federal  or  Republican,  will  know  and,  acknowledge  that 
I  am  incapable  of  publishing  a  falsehood— -and  I  aver, 
that  every  statement  inconsistent  with  the  following,  no 
matter  on  whose  authority  it  is  made — is  untrue~in  proof 
of  which  I  solemnly  undertake  before  the  world  to  estab- 
lish every  fact  contained  in  it,  provided  any  gentleman  will 
sign  his  name  to  a  denial  of  either  of  them. 

'  I  went  to  Hampton  willi  a  determination  of  enquiring 
minutely  into  the  truth  of  reports,  which  I  hopcdy  for  the 
hondur  of  a  soldier's  profession  and  of  human  nature,  to 
have  found  exaggerated.  In  the  investigation  \  rcsolve4 
to  depend  on  the  secoifd-hand  relation  of  no  one,  where  I 
could  mount  to  tbe^iiginai  source  of  evidence — ^but  sine© 


THE  iNEMY. 


115 


id  by  the 
,  now  in 
jose  who 
;er  is,  or 
h«  troops 


where  I 
of  Brit-  * 
essioU)  i 
through 
them*  1 
)i2^  those 
[ield's  or 
e  among 
as  1  be- 
nt in  the 
e  major- 
:ticn  and 
lot  wit  h- 
will,  ac- 
em  with 

blick,  6r 
oper.  I 
whether 
6ge  that 
I  aver, 
ving,  j\f> 
■in  proof 
to  estab- 
man  will 

n  quiring 
^  for  the 
Uurc,  to 
rcsolve4 
where  I 
)ut  siuc& 


in  some  cases  this  was  impracticable,  I  feel  it  a  duty  care- 
fully to  distinguish  the  one  class  from  the  other. 

That  the  town  and  country  adjacent  was  given  up  to 
the  indiscriminate  plunder  of  a  licentious  soldiery,  except 
perhaps  the  house  where  the  head-quarters  were  BKcd,  is: 
an  undeniable  truth.  Every  article  of  valuable  property 
was  taken  from  it.  In  many  houses  not  even  a  knife,  a 
fork  or  plate  was  left.  J^ritish  Officers  were  seen  by  Dr. 
Cotton  in  the  act  of  plundering  a  Mr.  Jones's  store*  His. 
house,  althoi^gh  he  remained  in  town,  wasrii^cd,  jEind  his 
medicine  thrown  into  the  publick  street  just  opposite  where 
many  officers  took  up  their  quarters,  who  must  hare  bcetk 
eye  witnesses  of  the  scene.  The  church  was  pillaged  and 
the  plate  belonging  to  it  taken  away,  although  inscribed 
with  (he  donor's  name.  The  wind  mills  in  the  iieighbour- 
hood  were  stript  of  their  sails.  The  closets,  private 
drawers  and  trunks  of  the  inhabitants  were  broken  open, 
and  scarcely  anything  seemed  to  be  too  trifling  an  obi- 
ject  to  excltjB  the  cupidity  of  these  robbers.  Several 
gentlemen  informed  ,ine}  that  much  of  their  plunder  was 
brought  into  the  back  yard  of  Mrs.  Westwood's  house 
where  Sir  Sidney  Beckwith  and  admiral  CockUurn  re- 
sided. But  I  had  no  opportunity  of  seeing  this  lady,  who 
it  was  mid  would  testify  to  the  fact.  In  short,  Hampton 
exhibits  a  dreary  and  desolate  appearance  which  no 
American  can  witness  unmoved.  Dr.  Wardlaw  and  Mr. 
John  G.  Smith,  of  this  city,  visited  it  in  company  with 
me;  and  their  indignation  was  equal.  They,  and  every 
one,  who  saw  and  heard  what  I  have  stated)  united  in  ex* 
ecrating  the  monsters  who  perpetrated  those  enormities  ; 
and  political  distinction,  if  any  existed,  were  lost  in  the  no- 
bier  feelings  of  pity  for  the  sufferers,  and  a  generous  ar- 
dour to  avenge  their  wrongs. 

Here  it  may  be  necessary  to  notice  a  publication  I 
have  this  moment  read  m  the  Alexandria  Gazette  of  the 
12 th,  where,  among  other  things,  it  is  said  on  the  author- 
ity of  a  *^  Gentleman  who  was  in  Hampton  the  day  after 
the  evacuation  by  the  enemy,"  that  it  was  believed  there 
that  nearly  all  the  plundering  was  committed  by  the  ne» 
groes  ;  and  that  he  saw  many  "  articles  brought  to  the 
Magistrates  which  had  been  secreted  in  negro  nouses  "--• 


114 


B^RBAI^IR9  OF 


That  some  plundering  may  have  been  committed  by  the 
ne  j^roei  who  (as  I  was  told)  were  embodied  and  paraded 
through  the  streets,  is  probable  enough — that  the  expres- 
sion of  such  an  opinion  may  have  been  heard  In  Hamp. 
ton,  is  likewise  probable— but  I  do  utterly  deny,  that  it  is 
fjeliered   there,  by  any    person    worthy  of  credit,  that 
«'  nearly  all  the  plundering  was  committed  by  them."    Let 
the  gentleman,  then,  who  gives  this  account  state  from 
whom  he  derived  his  informatioii.     Let  him  give  the 
names  of  the  Magistrates  who  received  the  plunder  thus 
found,  and  his  own  ;  and  let  him  declare  what  were  the 
main  articles  he  saw  brought  in.    I  will  not  directly  haz«- 
ard  the  assertion,  but  I  am  very  much  inclined  to  believe 
there  were  no  magistrates  in  the  town  at  the  time  spoken 
of,  unless  Parson  Holson,  Dr.  Colton,  orCapt.  Wills  are 
magistrates ;  and  with  all  these  gentlemen  I  conversed, 
and  heard  not  a  whisper  countenancing  the  statement  in 
tlie  Alexandria  paper.    How  it  is  known  that  the  negroes 
had  the  address,  first  to  impose  on  the  British  command* 
ers,  and  then  on  the  American  troops,  which  <^  induced 
them  to  retreat  to  York,"'  and  leave  Hampton  to  be  plun- 
dered by  these  artful  rogues,  that  gentleman  is  left  to  say 
.-4>ut  that  the  American  troops  did  not  retire  to  York,  in 
iconsequence  of  such'  information,  is    undoubtedly  true. 
Nor  is  it  less  true  that  Captain  Cooper's  troops  arrived  in 
lime  to  prevent  any  plunderrin^  of  the  least  consequence, 
after  tke  evacuation-^— and  in  time  to  prevent— what  many 
gentlemen  there  believed  to  have  been  a  plan  concerted 
between  the  black  and  white  allies— the  firing  of  the  town. 
That  "  admiral  Warren  expressed  his  regret  that  the 
inhabitants  of  Hampton  had  not  all  remained,  as  in  t'm 
case  no  plundering  would  have  happened,"  is  possio 
enough  ;  since  it  admits  the  fact  of  the  plundering,  a 
conformable  with  the  answer  given  to  Captain  Wills, 
who  complained  to  Cockbum  and  Beckwith  of  the  de- 
struction of  his  ijrivate  property.     «*  Why  did  you  quit 
your  house  ?'*  said  \h^.iG  honourable  men.    ♦»  I  remained  in 
my  house," ansvfftv^  ?>octi>r Colton  «*and  have  found  no 
better  treatment.'' 

That  Kiiijy,  WM  for  seven  weeks  or  more  had  been 
confined  to  hit  bed;  and  whose  death  the  savages  only  a 


tt 


'  in 


The  enemy. 


iir 


d  by  tbt 
paraded 
I  Qxpret- 
1  Hamp. 
that  it  is 
!dit,  that 
I."    Let 
ite  iVom 
give  the 
der  thus 
^ere  the 
ctljr  haz^ 
believe 
spoken 
i^ills  are 
Qversed) 
ment  in 
negroes 
mm  and* 
induced 
be  plun- 
ft  to  say 
'ork}  in 
\y  true, 
ived  in 
quencey 
t  many 
Rcerted 
e  town, 
hat  the 
in  thu 

>0SS!r) 

a 

Wills, 
he  de- 
m  quit 
ined  in 
ind  no 

i  been 
orIv  a 


little  hastenedi  was  shot  in  the  arms  of  his  vrife»  is  not  de- 
nied. Tnose  vf  ho  wish  for  farther  confirmation,,  may  go 
and  t^ke  him  trom  his  grave,  und  weep>  if  they  can,  feel 
for  an  Arnertc;aa  citizen,  over  hia  mangled  body.  They 
may  ;i  J  to  his  wounded  wife,  ond  hear  her  heart  rending 
tale,  und  then  they  may  turn  to  thi  account  of  the  ^ntlc 
man  and  derive  c9ns9laiion  from  the  CJtcuse /a/A/cA  / 
never  heard)  **  !■  hat  It. was  done  in  revenge  for  the  refusal 
of  the  militia  to  give  quarters  to  some  Frenchmen  who. 
were  on  board  a  barge  that  was  aunk  by  our  troops  who 
contitmed  to  fire  en  Uie  ahnobt  drowning  men,  when  mak- 
ing fo>' the  i>tiiorc."  Thiii  vile  slander  on  our  troops  will, 
I  have  no  dpv^t,  be  met  in  the  proper  manner  by  the  gal- 
Ijmt  oTPj'.erSrho  commands  them  at  ^t^orfplk.  fiut  the 
WfSrst  IS  to  cbpne.  A     • 

I  conversed  with  a  lady,  whose  name  is ,  mention^  in 
captain  Cooper's  le^er,  in  company  w^th  parson  poison, 
'^6ctor  Coltoii  and  capt.  Wills.  Her  story  igvas  too  ^hock- 
ing in  its  details  to  meet  the  puhlick  eye.  When, I  had 
convinced  her  of  the  object  I  had  in  view  in  visiting, her 
—that  it  was  dictated  by  no  impertinent  cnriosity^but  a 
desire  to  know  the  Mfhole  truth-r-to  enable,  me  on  the  one 
hand  to  do  justice  ^ven  to  an  enetny  ;  or  on  the  9th^r,. 
to  electrify  my  coui^trymen  with  the  recital  of  hqr  suffer-- 
iiigs-^she  discovered  every  thing  .which  her  convulsive 
struggles,  between  shame  and  a  desire  to  exppse,her  bru- 
tal assailants,,  would  permit.  This  woman  Ayas  seized 
by  five  or  six  ruifians— some  of  them  dressed  in  red,  and 
'afieaking  correctly  the  English  language — and  striiijied 
naked.  Her  cries  and  her  prayers  were  disregarded,  and 
her  body  became  the  subject  of  the  most  abominable  in- 
dece' jr.i  OS.— She  at  one  time  made  her  esscape,  and  ryn  in- 
to a  creek  hard  by,  fpllowed  by  a  young  daugl)ter  ;  H^hen 
she  was  dragged  by  the  monsters  in  human  shape,  to  ex- 
perience.new  and  aggravat:ed  sufferings.  In  this  situation 
she  was  kept  ^he  whole  night,  whilst  her  screams  wei-e 
heard  at  intervals  by  some  of  the  Americans  in  town,  who 
could  only  clasp  their  hands  in  hopeless  agony.  • 

Virginians;  Americans  I  Friend  or  Enemy 'of  the  Ad- 
ministration, or  of  the  War !  Go,  as  I  have  done  to  this 
woman's  house,  and  hear  ^d  §tc  her*   See  too  her  young 


nn 


THE  EKEMT. 


^ughter  on  the  btd  of  sickness,  iiirronsequence  of  the 
•    abuses  of  thuc  msjht  Tand  your,  hfcari,  if  it  b«  made  of 

"^penetrable  stuff,**  will  tlirob  with  Indignation  and  a  thirs* 
-  jQr rcveni^e,  and  your,  hand  Wtictively. grasp  Uie  weapon 

for  inflicting  hw .-        ^  ^ 

A  Mrs.  Btigg*  rc'itcd^onjsj  thira  woman  ^h'6  had 
come  to  H^mptonto  visit  her  huaband  who  was  in  tbo  mi- 
litia, w^i forcibly  tornfrom  her  siderby.foup^oldi«ra  dress- 
ed m  green,  and%lth.bc^7oung^'t•hilfU^^rhich  one  of  them 
snatched  irom  herarra«i  borne  to- tire  hdsj^t^l,  in  spile  of 
her  screams,^.  1"l»ey  hadprcyjojsl^  roijbed  themof  their 
rings,  and  Attempted  to  tear  open  their  boso-ris^.  A  Mrs 
Hop^ipa,  wha  was  n«tin  towii  when  I  was^iere,  obtained 
«ie  assistance  T  of  ah  officer,  and  rescued  the  woman  from 
her  rayishers  i  butiwt  untilonejof  them  had  gratified  hii 
ahomnftibled^h-e^rr  ' ;  ^ 

1  wa5  told  by  the  gentleman  wht)  accompanied  merthat 
Mrs.  tropkinsco«fi4»med  this  statement,  and  would  swear 
to  at  least  to  two  other  cases  of  a  similar  kind,  without 
however  giving  up  the  nam^i  of  the  yo«i^  and  rcsfiectabU 
women  who  suffexed.^i 

Doctor  Colton  and^aptain"  WiHs;  assfsfed  by  an  officer, 
icscucd  another  lady  from  the  greatest  of    ij  calamities. 

Oid>Mr;Hope,'*gcd,as  he.  told  majop.  Crutch  field  Yin 
my  presence)  64  or  esyears,  Avas  seiaed  by  these  wretch- 
es and  stnpbed  of  all  his  dothiaT:,  even  of  hia  shoes  and  \m 
ahirt.  A  bayonet  was  run  a  little-way  into,  his  arm  be^ 
huid,  as  if  m  cruel  sport ;  while  several  Were  held  to  his 
bneasr.  In  this-sitwatron  he-was  kept*  for.  a  considerable 
time,  aaa  would  probably  ha<re  been  anothcir  victim  to  their 
rage,  if  their  attention  had  not  been  diverted  to  a  woman 
who  had  sought frefuge  in.  his,  house,  s  They  followed 
her  into  the.  liitcb^io*  whither -she  ran  for  safety.  Mr 
Hope.made^off^midstr  her  agonizing  screams,  and,'  wh^ii 
he- returned  to  his  house,  he  was  told  by  his  domesiicks 

that  their  horrid  purpose  was  accomplishsd^  ;  This  I  had 
from  him, 

T^r^!^/*^!^^*'^^®^^^??.  r'^'^^^'^*''^*f*  «®^er  be  known. 
vTOuiciA  wiU  never  puVilsh  wuaii  they . consider  their  owa 
srhame--and  the  men  in  t(prn  were  carefuHy  watched  and 
©iarded.    Bat  enough  islttjwn  tP  jaduce  the  belief  of 


'uvai.     ucsj 


the  existence, of  many  other  cases,  and  enough  to  fire  ev- 
Ury  manly  bosom  with  Ihe  irrepfessiWe  desire  of  revence 
I  am  not  disposed  to  tire  the  publick  patience,  or  I 
could  tell  of  enormities  little  inferior  to  the  above.  But 
I  the  enemy  are  convicted  4>f  rohbeiy,  rape  and  murder-* 
land  it  is  unnecessary  to  add  lo  the  catalogue  of  their 
Icrimes. 

McriofVii^miarlwiHjrou  permit  all  this?    Fatheii" 

snd  brothers,  and  iiusbands,  will  you  fold  your  arms  m 

ipathy,and  only  curse  your  despbilcps?  No,  you  will  fly 

Ifith  generous  emulation  to  the  unfurled  standard  of  yoiu' 

Icountry ;  y^Mi  sii^U  imitate  theexample  of  those  generous 

Ijpitits,  nrho  are  even  now  in  crowds  tendering  their  seri:i- 

Ices  to  the  commander  in  chief;  who  are  pouring  from 

Iheir  native  mountains  ;. and  Soliadng  to  bs  led  against 

le  enemy  i^hereever  he  dares  show  his  face.    You  wiH 

prove  yoursel v^  worthy  of  the  immortai  honour,  that  the 

fcnemy  has  conferred  upon  yo«:ili  selecting  you  as  the  ob-^ 

Ijcct  of  his  vengeance — You  will  neglect  for  a  time  all  civU 

Ipursmts  and  devote  yourselves  to  the  art,  a  knowledge  cgf 

Iwhlch  the  enemy  has  made  necessary. — You  will  learn  to 

Uommandi  to  obey  ;  and  with  "Hampton**,  as  your  watch-v 

jvord— to    conquer*-  'w  , 

Believed,  ppon  good  authority,  td  be  colonel  JRichard  E. 
Parker,  of  Wjestraoreland  county,  Virginia. 

o         \      .  ■,  York,  4th  July,  18 1 3. 

aiw— Anxious 'to  effect,  asn  early  as  possible,  the  ob- 
jects of  the  flag. entf^usted  tous  %you  on  the  1st  inst. 
ye  proceeded  immediately  after  receiving  your  dispatches 
for  admiral  Warren  and  general  Taylor,  to  Hampton.  On 
«ur  arrival  •  at  ^le  laUcr  place,  some  difficulty  arose  in 
procuringa  vessel  to  convey  us  to  the  British  fleet ;  and 
after  some  ^e\^y,  we  werecompelledtojembarian  a  small, 
open,  four  oared  boat,  the  only  one,  it  seemed,  which  thi6 

fury  of  the  enemy  had  left  capable  of  floating -ir« 

proceede#%to^  the    fleet    of  the   en^my    with   tho   ut-. 
jnost  ucsjiF.icu  whidi  our  Uttie  skitt,  and  the  excessive 
hcatol  the  ^ay  would  permit  j  and  when  distant  from 


isl 


BARBARITIES  OF 


the  adiiiirkl's  sh^  a^ujt,  half  a  mUe^  { werei  met  an^  lil^; 

edjbjr  a  barge  of  tEe  enemy,  the'  officer  of  which  Was  ii|i« 

formisd  we  had  despatches  for  .admin4  Warren.     W« 

wer6  Inyiued  ipto:  the  ba^^  which  invitatioiii(ri^accept|i^ 

as  well  to  relieve  ours^tVe|(  from'  conBhement  on  .bioard 

our  little  vessel ;  to  lighten  as  much  as  possible  the  hui^, 

th'in  of  pur  oarsmen.;  and  to,  prgceed-with  as  much,  expe» 

ilkioh^as  was  practicable  toj^tain  the,  ob|f3cts  of  our  .miift 

sipn.    On  our  arrival  at  tHeadi^irarH.sii^i^^^^ 

we yere^lr^cted-toproceedto  the  ♦  Sceptre**  a  jme  bf  batdler 

shi{H6n  which  we  were  lofprnied  admiral  Cockbiurn  hAd, 

recently  howted  bisflag^.    Arriving  alppg^i^  of  this^p^: 

we  were  desired  by  the  bfiider '  of  the  barge  to  ascend '  the 

^\^:U   »  ''  '"'*'     "        •   ■:       ■  '   ' w     . ,    . 

snip.  .«_,^v..  ,  ....  ^     ^  .  ..       _^  :j; 

Upotic^r  reaching  the  deck,  >ve  fbunct  a  large  asscm^ 
bla^e-Of  o^iceri^ertainly  ar  greater  Quml;)cr  than,,cpu£d^ , 
be  necessarily /!^tachedtQji,jim^  thc^  spajce,  o£ 

text'  hiiniiCes  jJie  f^wo/  f dmirals^.  Warreii .  and  CocKburii»  apf : 
pr6ached-^to  the  /oraner  Ve -delivered  your  dispatchesl^ 
who Vpbn  perusal}  evinced  embarraasment ;  and  after  a 
short  pause,  said,  that  the  principal  object  of  the  flag  ap-^ 
peaked  to  be,  to  procure  sujppliesyfor  your  Ij^ospital,   4ie 
was  answered  in  the  afHrmative.     Could  not  these  sup*  > 
plies  have  been  as  easily  and  early  procured  irom  Kich* 
mond  as  from  Norfplk  ?  We  thought  j),pt«.   The  'admiralr 
theW  said  he  would  reflect  upgaa^. the  subject^  .and  return  usi, ; 
an  answer  soon,  and  retired  with  admiral  Cbckburn  to  the 
cabin  of  the  shipi  ,  Ape  liod  of  about  15  minutes  then  e- ^ 
lapsed,  when.admirai  Cockburn)  advanced  and  addressing 
major  jGriffi'n,  inibrmed  him  that  tl>e  admiral  would  see  > 
him  in  the  cabin.^  ■   IXpon.  niajpr  Q  rjflin'B  reaching  the  cab-  - 
in,  the  two  admiwils  only  with  i>im,  Admiral  Warren  -a^r. 
gain  repeated  the  opinion,  that  the  hospital  -siipplijes  couldii 
be    as   expedltiousiy  piocuredfrpm'  KAchmpnd  as  fronii  * 
NoriblkU-saying  it  was  contrary  to  their  regulations  ^to  I 
permit  even  n  flag  to . go  to  Norfolk*— ^at  it  was  their  in* . 
tention  to  land  Mr,  King.  wlw>  went  with  the  flag»  at  Sea- 
well's  Point,  ?\nd.jointly  with  admiral  Cpckburn  expressed  ^ 
an  rinwil]|n(riieB&  H}  netinit  the  flae*  to  .Drooaed-  ■      ■   Tbeif     ' 
were  answered,  that  if  the  fliig  was  permitted    to  proi^ .« 
ceed)  the  supplies  could  be  procured  sooner  than  if  the 


the  ft 
iftond» 
stpres 
were;  a 
medici 

V^tttp] 

Hatnpi 
•^he  usii 

tOHi      ! 

re<:^i!r^ 

anda^i 

Find 

that  tl 

jar 

>ag! 

a  shor 

might] 

shlp,io 

no  incr 

*ff/ was 

wind,  1 

thus  thi 

ingno  1 

mtned ) 

llpon 

knowie 

ton*    I 

quisitio 

d^ce  n 

ito  the 

idmirai 

■been  re! 

which  i 

Norfolk 

sir  Sidi 

should  t 

ourretu 

which   1 

5,  P.  M, 


I .  Was  *ii|i* 
eh;  W« 
acceptji^ 
on  botkvi 

ch»expe» 
our  roiift 
)oioitigo) 
J  of  batjtiifr 
cfaturnliAd, 


-*', 


.I..- 


e  assem«! 
tan  cbuld^ 
spajse.jpC 
bunir  aph»i; 
spatchesl^ 
i  after  a 

flag  ap-^ 
Ual,    4y[e 
jese  sup- ; 
in  KicH** 

tkidmiralr 
return  usi 
rn  to  the 

then  e-^ 
Idressingf 
ould  see  > 
;  t^e  cab-  - 
arren  -a^  r, 
ije^  could;: 

as  fronii  ' 
ilioBs  ^to  I 
their  in- . 
^,  at  Sea-  , 
jtpresscd  ' 

^^Thc¥ 

^ 

to  proj^ .« 
lan  if  the 


81^^  «jtti|yied  to  rtslii»feftrtiMj^  in  tfee^ia*4»  of 
the  following  d»y;  ^at  if  compiillcd  to  S^^  l^m^ 

Bdond,  tiirete  dayji^  prol»bl]f  itforfe,  ^ould  piss  beloi^-  the 
stores  could  reaeh  Hamptoir^  tttat  otir  wounded  aijd  sTcK' 
wei^sUlfcriog  for  medidflo^d  4iec6ifei^  that  all  thtt 

inedicine,  private  a»  well  J  as  pUbUfefc  Tif^OrtJr,  M^^^ 
\^^jify  destroyed  by  the  trdopa  wh^  ^at<4f  a^!ijt»6d 
Itoflpl^ih  wid  that  the  sn^liKs  absblutetir  .^^ife#'{^ 
^he  asrof  the  hosfStal  could  riot  be  protjui^d  fe  Hato-^ 
tooi  3^ie  ^miral  ^auT  he  bid  heaa^  that  the  fib^itaiiMtf 
Te^MredsotTiO  «u^ie^.  «e.traa  asked  i^to  #hcneis; 
and  assured  it  was  not  the^case. 

i%i^g-the  Mniiral  fMl^  Maio^  Oriffih  tj^ 

that  tl^^sppjited    humwhityof  ^mfe«d  'Wdrr«m   ft^rbid 
M^or^(>utc^lfi«s4d^to  ^bt  thtt^^^  for  the 

passage  of  a  flag  to  NorMt  w&uld  b^  Refused;*'    Aftfel^ 
a  short  time.  Major  Onflfei  ^wAs  Wbrnicd  that  the  fla«- 
might  proceed,  upon  condi^on^tfwsturtiingsloftW  side  tf^ 
ship,  m  the  saii^^essol,  With  theiiame^<^ 
no  increase  of  personii.    Tlife^esti^  mi^^i,. 

^^^rwas^coiii^ttod^o^^^^ 

mnd^  the  boat i^  too  stuaH  toii^%ite  the  Heads,  #,d 
thus  the^ect  of  .the  ^g  lirould  b*  defi^Mi^^^^ 
mgno  reteaaon^  «mj  coftditio^i  probaliki,  It  was  de4*^. 

Ilpon  the^sMbject  of  prisoners^  admiral  Wamn  acl 
;r  MC!/"!!^"*^  *^^  the  fl^t,  takfen  at  Hahvp- 
jmsiuon  on^this  tej^ok,  saying  bi^had  opened  correspond 
hTS/i^SrJ- 1:^'  tmt  nothing  w^  decided  relSJ^ 
to  the  omcers  baggage  captured  in  Mittftpton.  -The' 
»dmu.al  said,  that  such  articles  as  had  be^^found  had 

be<mrestoM,  and  mentioned  the  papers  of  Captdn^^^ 
^dv  had  been  ^.c^  in  the  ta^  of  Captaii^'SK^ 
Norfolk,  as|gs*ure*  Major  Grfflin  th^t  he  w«uW  d^ct 
\  SKlnsymkwkh  to  inqutris  further^  Id  ifW 
should  be  discovered,  k  Woul#  be  mado  knoWO^o  us^ 
ourretum.  We  Were  then  informed  4  migS  t^ 
«  D~iwir  =  "-^^'i^^'swiir  ui«  i  aiiu  I  eaciied  Isorfolk  after 
.,  p.  M.  repaired  teOas;  I^UpV  quarters,  who  d^wJIS 


xtW^ 


3hmmmm^F 


and-  W6rtri^i^<i^i*!^^^the  ;<fti|a*««*^  ji^  ifirtiilU^at  iC#^ 

\I%^tv«^  j>lifti*li«l.    TlH»«#<5  did,.  8rta^ej)t(8ilfed  with  Di;.  ; 

nI?^?  Q^r  reaeKin^a^u*  flMifeeii^l^^f  :de«>latibn^  m^ 
dfev^t*Oi;ti<p:  -i^;'^wn(fe^(  itf»U)^^  ibhabitarit^:  .MTi^  ' 

theii-  |siatm^-«dia^f«f«aiid>^mt|^^  eyery^cbtittv 

%ettand^#f*6p^i(^|^^  the  tVfi^lei^^airif  «n-^- 

cti;fitrolfed;l*i>i^^^^  ipttfe^^^sllto^^  thejr'4bt^^d'  pij^esi^ 

h^  \^^  pcrpctr*^dWh|ch  hiit^  dUgp;*^  4h<i  agfevjH' 
dl^'s  hom^rv^  cfecap^d^is?t^thl»J|^i^  a««^         sujSftri^ 

ariblosF  that  thte^c  .ap^l^r  ?i^p^q^)^tU:d^  tKidi?t-ent1i^ 
soldiers  attactifijJta$|te$Klli#^^fi^^  xjU^  sf^iJ^Jf^ 

appeared  to  us  tt&  justific^li*  0f  thosfc  #hQ:eiiit%e<** 
thetttV  t^|M"^gia9V«^^d0i^vt^^ 

\^0ha^the*<»ajiai^toh«y^vv:PP-^>-  • 

^tgned),  Rv  t.iyKI^^^ 


.  1  .i;l 


6f  Vatti-'  : 


/• 


'J^^' 


'p t^ officers  of  G ff^dl  BrUain, ,  by  .Indian*  in  U>jP  M^^ 

'   B^piiisl).     The  pillage  and  shootinTg  of  xAnicricatt  0^' 
^^**zens,andithe  burning  plHheir  houses  after  Burrel^      to 

JS/Jptisactu^J^.a  ieHt7*tfriim0fi^UMu$  ^Bt  H  oqdwar4r  M^q^^tp 

•  ■  ^ ;;: '  ■  ■-■'  ^:,  ■;  -..v--.--/  ;     .■  -■    r  JDE=f:rtoit;FBB  -Jldj^aiiJ. 

-;    »«-Tlife^  (tbic^lnbiibitao^s  ^pf  ^tichigan)  have  >mertMi»c<i 

'^  Copi^taPl  i^Pt^i^^'^^i^'^  '^^'  whfep'  ihii   Ameriaiii  ib^ceti 

'i^|^|lll6tldl4;d  the  leniiory,  and  when  an  cng^gewip»».t  h:^c! 

'^I&keh  pluce»  the  fur/ pf  the  tava^e  iiyind  4l  the  sight  of 

'^^Af  ^M' iHri?ell«cnhg  pn  the  dead  they  !o  i\e,  ami  pisi  l»u p>« 

PP  the  retiilitttory  treatment  of ^pritQuers,  or  of  the  dc«d, 

'  vrhith^  th^if  pi^fel  ibftode  Pl^  Wai^fiu  e  is  al vf a/s  likely  tP  pro- 

diaiM^might-dHvP  them  to  an  ignoble  revei^j*^  op  the  pris' 

venePB  ihpy^fittdin  the  couniry,  and  the"  iPbapiUiinsj  Pf  it,  who 

'are  Amchic«ifdtiafens^;*^hcy  therefpre^pi'essed  ««b- 

^jeet  onyorfi^attePtiPnppf  erious  tP  the-  battle  of  the  ^2^  of 

^y^^tta^rt^^;  g^tt  fc  ypur  ass^irirtiee  ihst 

■ypucont^dei^d  your  own  honor  pledge    for  their  feCTectUill 

^^^Stne^  thievresttlt  Pf  Ihat  ■  ibitttli^  -tfacts  aR6  before  thef r 
^1^^  Whifch  they^Papnot ^hut  -theii?  eyes  upan.n  tVosne  of 
^^tiiepi  ai'e  per&a^  unitnoWn  to  yotH^elft  1  \\i\  1  #i«pmet'atp 
*^«ph^  !^tiieh  l^bllieve  thei^twill  b^r  no  <^^  e^ab- 

^'^^;i^%/,;^spnft#pft^^^^  c4)itiilatitm  of 

Tthe  92d  of  Janua^,  ttl^j  tiaire^^  ecn  tcmabttwlied  1^:  it^ic 

^:'s|i^^es/-'"""---^'^^';f^"-v..v.*:::/i:;''^-^.:>:. .     ,  ,   ..,.■_.;;  ".-.f :;,,;:.■'  " 

^^Ai^^^l^^nd-,  "SoM^  pf  th«-^#isPPers  Jffier  thiit  capitulation, 
^iTavrbefeifii  theft  by  the  kl^a^iBS.- 

«  TAird.  Some  of  the  pmoners^  «ftcr  that,  f  trpitUlation, 
•lltiivcbecn  burnt  by  the  Mvag^      r 

yiFourth.     SPme  6t  the  Jhbabitantspf  the  t^rHtoiy  of 
"Michigan,  ditizens  of  the  Unilfed^^tutes  of  ^ipeHca^  aftef 


KCS. 


xfie  cdi/iiumUuiiy  riave'Dcen  suuiPy'  uit^^va^t 

^-^  M\Fifthy  The  houses  Pf  somP^  of  lie  4nhhbit^t^  pit  the 


r- 


^\ 


BAJ^Rj^-^IBS 


%|J?  burnt  by  ajcf!avag««.  .  u  »*^ou^iwn 

ge^^lhe  capuulaUc^,  have   becB  fiUlagi^d   by  theS 


^  "fBtjYqu  viU  have  tbe  g06ilrl^ss  to  appoiiit  a   dir'  for 

^to  hiiti,  1  elaiivq  to  the  the  sjaugbtfeivbtlfae  en ^mj^s  »ie)t 
a&il  )«^iia5b(T,,9n  thfcS^tl  J^uary  last.  ^    '   ^ 

^'^^^Mi'^'Wi^r/r^  Gen.  I>rocfm 

Ivljacl  ll)^  lionom-  to  rjctivc»,on  tbe  third  day  of  iliis. 

inajor  Maip,  reqiiestin^  me  tP  >roture  some  cvkciice  ofi 
tl^e  massacr^ofihe  American  P>'isonera,^6|^ib©  2Mdayi?a 

January  last.:         .;  -^^^iv'*:^!    v-    --^v.:^.: 

J^Vtf^J5^]^»^^vtQ  pelatenn  tbe^e^i^^^^^^ 
bave  tKih^_fcK>m<v of  tbeni,  bQ^^ 

«^i^rat|,an4j  send  yo^i,e^^s,of  >vkarilicy  havc.a^ 

of  t^em^t^t^,  oi^^liynlbrm^Uftivoro^^ 

lect  evidence  m  itself,  lea^s  to ,ibe  ^ucefj  vvhere:itmay,hfl[. 

"^^^^    \  ,  '■.;';- .:.,^  ::,^^^^^^^^^^^^^ 

**l)VQQTin6umcaiingyourmes^^  Mmi*  addiei^ 

fQijaething hj^vijig  relatio^to Aroerifz^ 
^??^^4li«S,toM»Mtbcpathtotbckirig^.  ^^ 

/ai  ^i^e  obyiQu&^y<^t^s4i^^^atia  a^^»^^^ 

declared  v^ar,  a  subject  orcuUen  of  pne'^artytc^^  « 

fer  his  aHf  giaiice  {o  |he  other  party,  wlthpurancurung  Mt^     W 
penaliies  oi  tjeason  :  andv  wliiJe  .io!b|n~  ^a*^  -■!S£^ii=  .  k:«        I 

mK  so»  J?eitber  ai^ithose  inn^$^(;  wbola/Sjp^a  ,b£      " 

forf,tbieni;  \  ,,„: 


^-^^ft. 


^'*«<'t^'^'Tprindtaes'Sfdipte^  States  on  ih^ 

subjcpt  of  expaiiiation,  are  ii^er&li%tit  are  p<;riWctly  icuip- 
^HSm  l6%  piiblick  enemy  ill  time  of'  war. 
-**^S6«he  of  die  i^rcndifn habitants  6f  the  territory  of 
Micliigan^  citisEens  of  the  United  States  df  America,  Sive 
been  much  urged  on  this  subjectvand  are  apprehensive  of 
beun^^furfh^r  iBbuSledi  7 

-e?  -^i  the  fur  hef  honcur  of  receiving,  on  the  eighth  inst. 
mij||«fal  message  by  y(w^^^  aid^de-camp  Mi^.  iyrL,cao, 
^9P»rantij^»m6  ih  was  hp^caphuJation  on  the  22d 

^>iaTy,  an4  ttikt  the  prisoners  surpendered  at  discretion. 

«  r,  therefore,  beg  pinion  for  that  mistake. 
»  «  The  princiries,  K6#ever,  of  the  laws  of  nations,  im-^ 
pc^e^plf%8*io%^lm6^t. equally  strong.*:'  >'H      " 


?vti%-^y:' : 


-r**«eni> 


Tf;-;^ 


TBj^K&LATiOir, 


S^i 


dUtrict  of  Detroit,        J 

tWj^ilitife€#(Sf  O^^pe^^^h,  the  distdct  of  Detroit,  Joseph 
I^(Brl^^%*abitaBt  onthb  river  au«  Raisins,  who  beirtg 
diilj^ii^drn  on  th»*Hcl^-Bi^Rclistsi  deposes  and  says  ;.Z 
thtl^onthe  rte«*dayatterthe  baUlc  on  the  said  river  Rai- 
sltfi^  short  time^or  sunrise,  he  saw  the  Indians  kill  the 
Aniterioan  prteoners,"  with  theii?  tomahawks,  and  that  they ' 
sh«^t^  stfteral,  to  wit,ithreey  that  the  Indiahs  set  the  ^house 
on  fire,  andthat  in  going  outi  the  prisoners  were  mai- 
aaisiNsdi  and  kUledaS  afoj^csaidythat  is  to  say  ;  three  were 
sh4^vthei  others  were  killcid  in  the  houses,  aiid  burnt  with 
the  houscs*-^  The  'Indians  burnt  first  the  house  of  jfcan 
Baptiste  JoVcauifte^  an^  afterwar4s  that  of  Gabriel  Godfrey, 
juftr. .  The  deponent  has  been  informed  that  there  were 
about  forty-eight  or  forty-nihe  prisoners  in  th^  two  houses; 
i  he  deponent  has  Been  dead  bodies  on  the  high- way, 
wWehihe  hogs  were  tenring  anti  catine^  lidr;  Brunot 
U)ld  the  deponent  that  the  Indiwus  h«\d  U*  d  those ^^  the 


1^$' 


BAK3ARITIES  OF 


piisoners  who  were  least  wounded,  and  th.Tt  the  oihcw 
^vcrcbuiiit  alive.  ^,.  i 

Antobe  Cuic'laric  a.id  Alexis    SivlUoti  iifhubitantu  on 

th€  Pivcr  EcoiCflK,  told  the  deponent  ihat  tivuprihoi^eis 

hud  been  burnt  in  the  boui»e  of  Uraiidon,  on  the  river  aiix 

bublea.     The  dciponeut  bus  \veurd  that  the  Indiurmluil 

lorn  out  tlie  hearts  oC the  prt*<iner6,  and  had  jiioughtifcherii 

tii^i  smoakin^  into  the  ho^iaeij,  but  did  not  rfccoHcct  tlie 

j;aavc&  of  the  mformants  j  he  bulicvcs,  hovvcvecj'they  iwct* 

iiieu  worthy  of  credit.  .   '-       i 

Tile  deponent  suy»  further,  that  after  the  first  ac4ion 

oil  the  river  Kaijn*  the  Ir.diani^  fired 4»B  one  named  bolo, 

.  Jxun-in»law  to  btephco  J^^beaUf  an  inhabitant  of  the  riier 

aux   Sablca,  when  ri;tutning  from  the  house!  of  ^raod*;ii 

JM)  his  fathei'-in-law  r  on  his  arrit  4>  h*  fealiooed  to  bis.  %^^^^^ 

^AJi'-in-^Iaw  to  open  the,  door,  »ayiugvibatjio.wa»ymoriaity 

>vom>ded ; .  S{c*phciJ  Labcau  opened!  the  door  and  t<>id  te 

^on-iii'iaw  to  throw  himself  on  ^  bed,  but  that^a  itiying 

to  move  be  fell  de^d.     An  Indian  knocked  at  ther  dooi's, 

iiiid  Lebcau  hgtvihg  opened  it,  received  a  ball  in  hi^  breast, 

fciid  fell  dead.     X  he  son  of  Lcbeau  made  his  escape  $  the 

indiar.3  fired  seTePi4  shots  at  him  which  did  not  reach 

iiim.      f.  . -je:„-  ■    .  -     ■    ^ ,    .,  ,-.\.. 

•IhedepoRent  says  fanbci^K  that  Bapliste  Co\iicur  was 
Jiiiied  nuar  the  houie  of  the  deponeni,  on  the  day.  of  the 
isccond  t>attle  of  the  riv.fr  ttaisin,  a  little  after  sunrise. 

The  depontnt  says  farther,  that  the  fi;dians  bavt  «lien 

threatened  to  burn  bis  Uoui»e  and  barn,  if  he  did  -not;  march 

with  them  against  the  Americans.     Tlic  deponent  -s»yi'  he 

is  an  American  citizen.    .  ...:-; 

Tlie  deponent  says,  that  several  ©f  his  neighbours  kav« 

tojd  him  that  Lhoy.  hud  received  the  f same  ihreiit.     Other 

setUements  huve  been  threatened  with  fire.     The  mills 

attjid  houses  on  the  nv^r  aux  Reches  were  buvntin  tli« 

^nonUi  of  Sep temte i:  last,  after  the  capiiuUiion  of  Detroit.. 

aAnd^^riliCT  this  deponent  said  not*     >  '*•  *         ■  ' 

V  JOSEPH  RGBEJIT. 
Sworn  aiid    subscribed  before  me,  the  4th  February, 


to    ■  Q 


£R  AUDA.JN>  I.  Pb^  B^  CL 


THE  ENEIW^. 


IMT 


«! 


Territfivy  nf  Michigan^ 
^  'district  of  Dttroit, 

i  Bfl  it  rcmettiUcred,  that  on' this  (Jay,  Feb,  Ihr  fojrtHi. 
'A.  D.  one  thousiind  eight  huodi'ed  and  ihirtecn,  pcrsoiiiil- 
ly  came  bcfape  the  Undersigned,  a  justice  of  the  peace  for 
thft  district  aforesaid,  viz.  Jo  hn  M  Dounell,.  an  iu hubiiunt 
ttftfee  city  of  Detruiti  who,  .-vficr  being  i3u-ly  sworn  upon 
tlj^Holf  EiViingtlbtSiof  Almiglity  Gad,  deposetU  and  saith, 
that  ai|w  djiya  after  ih^  battle  of  the  224of  Jl^iiwary  last, 
(ut(blS|||ier  Raisin}  he  was  personally  pit^e^t^d  44.  tU<: 
house Mkimcs  May »  Esq.  ^Iien,  he  heard  the  s&id  Jamds 
May  aik  Mr.  \V  ilUaro  JoncSi  the  acting  agent  for  ti^e^lndjlan. 
department,  if  thei*  w^uld  be- any  im^'oprieiy  iiv  piXi'chas- 
ing  the ptlsonere  from  the  Indiana  ;  ar^dihathe  heard  tjje 
Sitid  William  J&neft«ay,*  that  he  ihowght  tMre  would  be 
k6  impropiietf  iii  pmchasing  iheni,.  but  Avoufd not  undcir- 
tadte ' to  authorise  any  persoa  to  do  so ;/  tl.at  in  cons$<- 
qu6^ce  o|  which,  this  depoiient  purchased  three  or  four  ef 
liie.  pvis^neTjS,  amoiigst  the  number  was  one  by  the  miH^ 
of-.„-«^Ij<^r5iij;on,a*private  in  the  Kentucky  vdunteers, 
who  declared,  to  this  depon^nt^  that  on  the  ftist  or  second 
Uo,f  af^r  the  Uittfe  at  the  Hiver  Raisin,  on  the  22d  January 
l^t,  1^  i^  %d  si^.'niB  of  his  fe^ 

jwith  the  Indiniis  between  this  j^lace  and  the  river  Rai^i^, 
th^y.clMI"*  'rr>. to  where  oue  of  the  p^J  isoners  was  burnt,  the 
life  ju?t  c.  and  an  Indiad'kieking  the  a§*ies  oC hia . 

Isac'^y^sayiw/g  n€^^jon.04'abitGh.'>   .      .     \ 

.  TUis^^d<2poi  aiio  further  dcposeth  as  aioresaid,  that 
djCor-Bowei-s,  a  surgeon-s  mate  of  the  Kentucky  volun^ 
•  teersi  who  was  pui'c based >bf  him  and  some  other  ;gentle- 
mea,  stated  to  thii  deponent  '^  that  he  was  left  to  take  care 
«f  the  wounded  after  the  b-ivttle,  but  felt  rather  timid  on  ac» 
count  6f  ihe  savages,  but  thsit  he  rectiycd  such  assurances 
from  capt.  oi?  col.  Elliott,  of  the  saely  of  himself  a$  well  as 
the  re maiiiing  pvi'soners,  he  concluded  to  stay,  fts  sleigli« 
were  "promised  to  be  sent  to  fetch  them  away  the  next 
laorniiig  ;  that  ntrar  about  duy-light  of  the  moi-nin^ 
ioli:>w:ng  the  day  of  the  battle,  the  Indians  came  into 
the  house  where  said  Bowers  was  with  the  other  prison*. 
ci%aiid  proceeded  to  plunder  ahd.toin?diawlt  such-as  coul^l 


m 


BAHBARttlES' OF 


not  Wdlk  r  i^d  ftti^pilif^  the  Bftid  Bdwers  and  tKW  #oitn«|4M 
prisonenioi  all  their  clothtsi  that  whUe  thesak!  Bdvi^^m 
and(i^a4llierf»nloner8,  named  Scarls  and  Bradford,  as 
■  near  as  this  deponent  can  recollect)  were'  sitting  bj^^  the 
fire  in'the  Indian  campi-^n  Indian  came  up  who  appear- 
ed to  be  drunk)  and'called  the  said  Searls,  as  near  as  this 
i»ponent  can  recollect)  a  Madiion  or    Watftington,  then 
lookup  a  tomahawk  and 'Struck  the  said  Searis  on  the 
ahoulders  ;  that  the'-'Said.  Se«Ha  c»tghl  held  of  the  toma- 
hawk and  held  it  for  some  time >;  that  the  said  <  B<Mprs  ad- 
viaeiL  the  said  SearU  lb  submiuio  his €ate^i  wMMKatt  the 
Indian giKve hima second. blowi on  tht  heady kimmf  Koifi* 
ed,  and  stript  him  ;  dtitlirg  tbis^  time  the  said  Bdwiirs  andi 
Bradford^  were  'personall^i ,  pretent^andt^^  being  apftrcheni! 
slve  for  their  own  sfifiityy  that  he,  Bowerstvvan'  and  cinn^ 
up  toJheHoldikhief^CWho-sold  'him  to  hii^'  deponent  4ii^ 
othera)  who  took  him  under  his  protecti6ity  an^  was*  rexi^ 
ktnd  toittm.    ThiadepoReiit  further  dep>bfteth,;that  hehasg 
i^eason  to  b6liisve4))e  aforesaid  Bowei9'<aiidf 'HimHtefi  ««r«t 
BOW  at  Sa^dwkKtaiiCif^l^^to^ti^ef  could' ^^^>^ 
ample  information  relative  to  the  particulars  aforeiiaid.«t>4^  - 
And  further  this  deponent  aaith -not. ' 

JOHN  M'DONNELL. 
Sworn  and  slibsoribediit  my  ohan^rs  in  the  city  of  >' 
Detroit,  .the  day  and  ycarbefore  Written. 

MMES  MAY.  , 


APPURTENANCESTO  No.^v- 


•v^V-.-^V 


f\ 


No.  I. 


rfif,^a'rf5 


ftf. 


J\(oUfrom  MtHJo^  M*I)<fnntU  to  Jmmt»  MfiYy'Mtfi  /v 

:..■■'■■  ■■    ■  •  -''■*i^  n-Hi-m 

pSAm  Siii»<-4'-  had  a  coBY«£ia^oQ  with.  Mr.  Smart^i 
abputleaviAgyovtrrfhouse  to-day^ « who  had  a  conversationr 
^ith  Bowera  and  Bradford.    He  •  observes  that  I  have 

•mad^  agyeraj  materiaV.  grmra.in   rvty  aiE^vit -bef<H'e  'ViMt 

this  day.     He  sa)^-  the  prig^er  killed  was .  of  the  name 
.of  BiythC)  instead  of  Searls i  and  mentioned  some  otberT 
errors  that  differ  widely  from  what  I ;  h<t^  sworn  tOy  8f> 


%# 


THE  ENEMY. 


19* 


W^IA  ^M  be  had  instetdfftf  miiie.<^— ^Yovrs^: 

/         ;,  J.M'0ONNEU*.  t 


--  hi 


No.  n. 


^ptf  from  Mr.  M*DmneU  to  Mf^  Lt^n»i  hit  tterk. 


f  / 


.  I  wish  you  to  mention  t©  judge  Woodward, 4hat  j«m!l^ 
caliofi  U  made  for  mc  by  a  friend  on  the  other  side,  to  rd- 
makitilltbd  toavigation  op^i.  On  that  account  I  liope*^ 
timt iieirill  l»cep  back  the  d^iijt)$itlon  that'l  have  made  rc^ 
»at?dii%  thcTnurdci*«ommiitcd  by  tl»«  savage*  on  tlu;  w- 
«r r;KaiBins  aa  he  has  much  bettert^tlmony  to  subs^ntiat^ 
l|ct»  than  what  I  baire  aworn  to  on  hetorsai^  :;•  and  in  I  am 
sm^, if  the  colonet  was  even  dUpot ed  to  hear  my  applic«« 
iwii,  thai  afiidavit  wiU  be  «iotJgh  to  send  me  off,  or  el^  if 
I  was  allowed  to  remain)  J£lliott  would  set  the  Indiaiw  oa 


f»i»« 


■.*.••«' 


•K«.  XXVII. 


thanslAtiokv 


99, 


District  of  Detroit,     y 

Personally  ftppearcd  before  mcj  the  undersigned,  one. 
of  the  Justices  of  the  pe^ee  in  the  district  of  Detroit,  An-. 
toiEe-^|*oulard,of  the  liveraxix  Raisins,  who  being  sworn 
Oft  the  Holy  EvRngelists,  deposeth  and  says,*  tha^t  on  the 
next  day  after  vhe  l^si  battle  on  the  river  aux  Haisins,  he 
saw^be  Indianat  km  thtf  secreiaiy  of  the  Americati  general, 
who  was  on  the  h«M'se  of  the  Indian  #ho  had  bken  him 
pwsoner,  with  a  rlfl^  shot ;  that  the  prisoner  let!  on  one 
""  *"' " --•^-j*  ^jiii.«ix  wsisv  i^iTfaru   wnu   n  saure*  iinislied 

iJMn^^alpcd  hira,  utripthithyand  carried  away  his  clbihcsj ' 
ms  i:<^ained  t p^dar?  Qi>  the;  high-way,  before  th4 


0^ 


ijio 


tOMl&A^lT$iL  OF 


.^oorqf  ihc  c!cpqiTieii^,«!Td  ^tas  part^c^^t  up  by  tbe  hogs.  A|. 
tcnvMcJs,  the  rJ<>po!Jent,  toj|^i|i||' w.ith  Ivjincttiii  Lag^clle, 
Hvibort  .I^^croUrVCKiTlcft  Ch^fifif  and  Louis  La ioyfe,niok 
Up  the  corpse  at' (liiflk  of  the  evening,  ^injicjariJoiSit'^rtrii 
atcWhcJap  the  woo^ds,  Mi^^re  the  hogs  did  not  go.  'i^ny 
darc4  n'^t  to  bmy  it  for  fear  of  bchig  «urpdrfcd  by-  the  Jli^ 
diuns.     Arid  iirthor  this  depo^j^nt  i^iiit h  irvot "^ 

^   **"■*      ■  "'       'mark         ■■   ■  -•••^  ^7'- 
.Sworn.iMiclsul^Cjfibod.in  vny  prcs!encej,Ui.e  (5ibFi9,brufry, 
A$lji.  '  .      -'^       ■     '  '  .  ' 

PETER  AU]DJRAi;«f,i  Jj.P.  p.  p. 


'X 


i^  Nb.,XXVUJ>         • 

;I  hereby vCertify,  that  tiniine?it. day. aftQPitlic :lii5t,l)%ttlc  Qi^  »i 

.^^c  ijiv.civaux  Bikisiiis,  tbe^secyetany  of  the  Aincjicj^n  gci^w 

icral  tvas^ta^an  w^r  th^doarpf thf  depontnt  V  iWi9  Wioun^^^^ 

itji  sudiplftc^d'^a  ^o^aie;,  that^o^rfimwe^btt^iwJii^l^^frp 

near  the  house,  one  pr^  horn  shot  *himtnUhe  head  vil^i^ 

tlAe  ;  tUat  he  did  riot  f^ilVAJffihli.ho^se  until^ahother  Indian, 

drawiniyhis  sabre,  struck  him  on  t)|e  head  sifV^ral  tiitites, 

and  then  he  fell  tVtI|c  groijnd'i  »;4s  sfcaiped,  «tnpt  6f  bis 

clothes,  and  left  Oh  tiie  road,'  "wh^reiie  rcnriairt'sd  or.is  day 

and  a  half,  I,the  d^paiiiQntt.with.FiitincaisLasscIle,  Hubert 

Lacroix,  Louis  Crovin,  on  the  c»'C;ning  of  the  second  day, 

took  up  the  body,  carried  |ttd  t|ife'lrf4ipt8«if^i(ie>woodi, 

and  covered  it  with  a  few  brsinclTes,  but  -c»U)d  net  «tay  to 

Jttiry  it,  for  fear  of  itlir  4ndian»;4lTii|<»weiTe;  in  tiie  n<$igh. 

*bom^ood:;  and  m  i^Jiicxt  (^ayafcei^the  la^t  battje  liwas 

ineuir tire  boiMeiQf ..ClabrM Godfveyi  jith.^apd  the^^iQl^se  of 

•Jewi  Capti»fere  Jei^ettur.!,  wheite  ^  gi»eat  number  |  of  pt^ 

o^er»  .iy«Ee  colieeted  }  *#iidHhat  I  -iheard  the  sKJ^eaniinj*  of 

4iic .p;?ispn|;e».wbum  the  Jndian&rwere  tomalmwkihg  ;  that 

.t&B^^?agead3St  the  hottsiGs  onjfire  and  went  spff; 

Lfc>UIS>?1  BERNARD. 


i5ir/r^iV,Feb.  5,,1813, 


dit  Lajiijfe* 


i  >  t 


31  tmt^i^.ii 

I  ceHSfyithirih^;  bodies  (ififli^  AmierfcaWi^Ullc^riit' l*^ 
battle  dflli»l^lvi<^l<ieaUX^  ttai^liis,  o^  tl^^  i%rem}>  stfcdkid  eP- 
liHimty  Ittff^  ilDtti'idAeduhburM  ;  ahd^Uiat  1  haV^h^eth  tM' 
!i(|g^  and  ^gi  iMtiAg  tlicllil^.' 

y  he  !^J%  >|${)0ki*6d  tb'he  retidered  ntad  ^  w&  pi^si^^ 
dietJoliflffesiikibfioRh.  a  ? 

m#(}i«JliiJ«|lfcijioi^  Wr.  C«reirtic*smd  Fi<,  CodfrcJ^ioiiJ 
^  ni46)<and  have  liipuird  iMt  tliei'^  AV<rr«  pHkbnert  iii  ilie^. 

i 7M'mHMmi% ^- not daite  to  bui<y  tfte' dead 4rt  acc<Hjftt^ 
loflhelndiariJfc-  'W 

theydldfrtot  t^jO^  u|)'al'ft^i?a^ain^t'  the5^Am«1^ttawl-  * 

ALEXIS  X  LAB  AIDE.       ' 
..mark. 

<^  This  is  taccrUfyvthattjilfOt^^^  twcntf-cighlh  day 

fcoff^anu^  iW  DJist;  a^^^  V<^'^Vcairiet<)T*iy  dWel-  - 

.|ingbous^,pi|Uie.riyer;lti9U^4^iE^.^lty(9rined  me  that  on 
^ttfc i^t^i'jrtlteof tliat d*/ a'tf  'A|t:crf\ian  Ti^l'soWcJt'-  h^^^^  bfeieit 
>Hd^^  itC^the  Ihdian;c^xtt|i;  ^dthc-rgastois  sih^  k&6lj?itfcd  fbr 
*l{illiriig  hiai  was  because  h^kkde^pres^  as  hatred'  for 
jtlie.indums.  •     -  > 


««•• 


r  1  Pfer^dliallf' app'cl^Arcd^  b<abre'tA%'"^^^ 
[Jiftibilfitirafid  A'grtef IHhmta^^ 
/on  th^e  Holy  Eytngijlists  of  Almighty  God,  that  the  Rydlaaili 

ithc  16th  of  August,  rsiSf  one  chintz  gbwni'VMtCcfd'  s«i^n«.. 
and  a  half  dollara,  oitB  tfallHp-  g;<>HtnV  vafklfed  tlirHd' dollars 
sev^drtty-fivfe  (fd^,'  dt^  calimanco  petticoat   valiifedi  four 

one  |)alr  Mroo1ien-itbckiy||9,  scveiity -five  cents,voh6*  paiir  of 
«i)g'.glbVe^)v<^(l^d4li^  filty^'dtfiit^^  (Me  new  small  trunk;  two 


i^ 


^mnA'Rtrms  of 


dollars,  one  pocket-book,,  ttvo  doWaYs,  thread  one  ^olltii: 
needles  fifty  cents,  one  shawl,  one  dollar,  one  cambriGk 
handkerchief  sev«rttj,five  cents,  one  cotton  dilto  slkt^tn© 
tfRd  one  haJfcenisi,  one  sfeift  one  dollar,  three^fourihs  ©f  a 
p«iundof  pepper,  fifty  centi,  one,  cake  of  chocolate,  iiirmik 
«r  five  cents,  one  fan  fifty  cents/oneblanketi  three  doilarsi. 
one  c4«alc,  ten  dollars,  three,  yards^  check  ebtt^fciiiwet^ 
Ihree  and  three  fourths  cents,  one  sbawl  one  Jfcr,  on^ 
flttineUodsc  fown,  thrnedolters.   On  the  twelfth  Septem* 
ber,  taken oaHver  Rouge, one  tkeswit  aotret  hmef  fi& 
dtoUars^aaddle  and  imdle,  -  ten  dolkffsw    On  Frtday^  the 
^^  Septemberi  taken  on  river  Rouge,  one  oth(^  sadi^ 
««e,  etpt  doMtfra,  ane  paiHeather  leading  lines,  t^vo  ^ 
krs  fifif  cemtiJeadinj? litiea, sevcnty^Sve  cents,  one  ax^ 
two  dollars  fifty  cents,  chintfc^atches,  tw«  dollars, 
feworn  before  me',  at  my  chambers,  irthSepteQibe^ 

'      (Signei^  p,  iVtJIllkl AJ,  J.  1^:  D;i);t 

l^etter  fromjh^  Jfidiam,  to  ifte  infUibUanta  of  tj^e  rmeP 

i;he  Hurona,  and  the  other  tribes^  IndiatiiiMgcinWedr 

at  the  Miami  Rapid%  to  the  inhabitants  of  the  riv^r  Rii* 

vain,--^^  .-^V-       -vr-.  ;,    -'■  •      ;  ^^^■ 

FRIENDS  tUSTENI 

yp»  hmn  al  way*  t<^d  li^  you  weuld  giv^  us  liny  Ssiist^ 
ancejn'your  power.  '>>-^:- '  ■  ■"■h  ^-v'^'  .-.■■■••,•  ~  '"-'  ■^■'■-  ■  . ' 

We  therefore,  M  the  eniMi^isapproaehhjg  ua,  within^ 
twenty-five  milea,  call  upon  you  all  to  m&  up  ia*d  cdriits" 
here  immediately,  bringing  yoiil-  arms  alo&g  With  y^. 

/^SiM^ldyou  iaU  at  tklitime,  we  will  not  consider  yot^m 
Tutxn^U'hlm^^  aad  the  consequences  may  be  mi^  un-" 
jtleasam.  H 

W«are  irell  convinced  you  h^^  no^virfitiigB  ^^rtiddiiiff 

,«      1V«  are  your  friendft  at  present. 
(Signed)        ^  BOXMD  MEAti^v  ^ 


(3igna»d) 


WALK  IN  THE  WATJER. 
B^  am  mNm  re4mtfififf  aJurtic* 


rm  ENiEMY. 


ist-T 


133 


No.  XXXtit, 
"  JRAN$LATIQN. 

.i^mr_  c^  tfi^inh<ipitmi,  of  the  ^kenMrnn,  dated  Rmicrr^ 

J^JhehonoUrabU  judge,  Ji^ood^^^  Ri^ierre  au:^ 

^  StR ,— In  tile  xiiwbarrassmcnt^io  v^hiGh  we  find  ourseWea 
T^resent,  Oil  the  subject  of;  a  leuei:  addressed  to  colonel 
Ig^r,  on  the  pan  of  thpHuron?  and  other  savage  tril^^ 
^  ^^.  V  ^r  ^?"  ^?  ^eP^esent  to  you  the  sitotbnof 
^fe  lAhabitaiUs  of  the  mer  Raisin,  praying  you  to  assist 

I  ^«^^ad  great  coufidcpc:e  in  yourgreatknowledg^         , 

lor""  ^^  honour  to  be,  with  profound  resplct,  your 
obedient  sisfvatits;  r  ^  >  7^"* 

(Sigi^>       JAQUEfLAlilLLK, 

^A|Si  BAP'iqrSTE  GEROME, 
£?.^  x£  ^^PTISTE  BEAUGRAND, 
FRANCQiS  LA^SSELL, 
.,•I).^^I:CAN,,REm,v, v:.^f     >"■  -;a.;  • 

JE A^  ge  APillSTE  LASSELLE. 

jM-  thc^fimmem  taken:, ^^^  mimm^of\  rrmch^tvn, 

it V  7f  ^'  IS l3,/o  6risradier.^eneral  Winchester M 
Jirtttsh  Magara^  February  2^^  \m^,  ;  ;;-f 

|;or  tliQ, greate^t.nuttiher  of  our  unfortunate Abw-sol- 

t^^^  "'''''''"'  ^/'^°"'  ^«  ^^«  ^-d^^ted  tcr  the  ex- 
erti^s  of  our  pm^ner  ieUo w  diizens  th^re,  who  wU 
e^^pled  generosity  when  they  saw  their  countrymen  driv- 

f  ^|!^,>^eaith;ior  their  ransom,  v.  Nor  was  the  Woruration 
fej^berty  ^    We  had  ^  been  almost  entirdSS 

fpn^rmittctl  to  be  >j>rcpared,  weFp;^rnished  us. 

•«  On  the  8th  inst.  colonel  Proctor  ordered  me  to  tnalce 

Indians  suteequent  to  agreeable  tothebe^  ir^ 

Z^'S^.tfi^''T''^'^\  Xhe  enclosed  return  marked^, 
was  produced^  by  this  order.  J  mi^ht  have  added  the  ^1 
lant  captain  Natloanicl  Gi-ay ;  S.  Hart,  dcpulv  inener^r 
general,    captain  Virgil  ^'Crackln,  o/S^S 

M 


\u 


BARBARITIES  OV 


'  rei^lQitelSti  captain  John  H.  Woolfolfc  your  secretary  5  eiv^ 
-'-^  Levi  jyieUs,  of  the  rth  United  States  infantry  and  a 


Jinriibe^  of  p^vat'es,  %vhom  I  find .  by  subsequent  informa- 
tion^ have  beeo  massacred.  ^       '.         r 

*<  The  memory  of  past  services  rendered  me  by  captain 
Hart's  family,  made  me  particularly  anxious  10  ascertain  his 
fate.  .1  flattered  myself  he  was  alive,  and  every  information 
I  could  get  for  soDfie  timeflattered  my  ^^opes.  But  one  of  tho 
Jast  prisoners  who  was  brought  in,  told  me  that  ihe  captain 
was  certainly  maasjicred.  .He  was  so  badly  wounded  as  to  prc- 
vemhim  from  wallting^  The  Indians  took  him  some  distance 
on  ahorse,  but  at  length  took  him  ojBF^nd  tomahawked  him. 

"  About  the  lOtii  iTjstant,  an  Indian  brought  captain  MV 
Crackings  commission  to  Sandwich^rthe  paper  was  bloody. 
Tlie  fellow  said  he  took  the  captain  unhurt,  butsomotime  af- 
ter, whfen  stripping  and  examining  him,  he  found  an  Ii)dian 
scalp  in  his  bdsbm,  which  induced  him  to  kill  him.  This, 
you  cannot  but  be  assured,  is  a  humbug  of  ^e  fellow's  own 
making,  to  screen  himself  from  the  odium  of  barbarity.—- 
The  captain's  character,  and  the  danger  that  attended  hi« 
crrrying  suchfur^ituce.i^  a  disasti-Qus  batUe,  give  it  the 

"  Cuptaln  \yoolfoIk,  after  having  been  wounded  in  two 
places,  by  some  means  had  got  refuge  in  one  of  the  French 
houses  on  the  Raisin.  He  was  discovered  next  day  and 
dragged  from  his  asylum.  He  was  taken  tothe  housd  of 
a  Mr.  Lassellfi,  wherehe  taid  he  would  give  1000  dollars 
to  any  one  wha  would  purchase  him.  Mr,-  Lasselle  said  it 
was  out  of  hispo'vver,  but  he  had  no  doubt  his  brother 
would  do  it,'*  who  lived  at  hand.  .He  directed  his  owners 
to  t!:e  house  of  ijis  bix)ther,  but,  as  they  were. on. their  way» 
(kn  Indian  from  a  waste  house,  shot  him  through  the  head. 

"  l£n:»ign  Wells  was  takert  by  my  sidp  unhurt.  I  con- 
sidered him  as  alive  janiii  my  ariival  at  this  place.  Cap- 
tain N^gii  telU  me  he  was  killed  by  a  Potawattiniiie  Indiao, 
not  lops  ufter  he  wa^slakeJi.  i    ^t  " 

*<  JM^ny  fresh  scalps  have  been:  brought  in  since  the  bat- 
A/e,  a|)d  dead  bodies  seen  through  the  country,  which  proves 
th^  others  iiave  been  killed  whose  names  I  have  not  been  a- 
ble  to  find  out,  indepeQj^eA^.Qftbose  reported  to  coloAel 
proctor,   ,  ;^;  ""/  .  / 


THE  ENEM\ . 


tii 


^r- «  This  sir,  is  all  the  iaformaiion  I  have  been  able  tiW- 
lect,  c«nt«i*ning  those  Who  are  massacred.  The  fifteefi  or 
eighteen  mentioned  in  the  remarks  to  the  returii  made  tp 
colonel  Proctori  whose  names  do  not  appear,  weVetiot 
known  by  those  who  tew  them  killed. 

"Major  Graves  of  the  5th  regiment  of  Ken tncky  vol- 
unteers, I  have  been  able  to  get  no  information  of  further 
than  that  he  was  brought  to  the  river  Rouge;  on  the  23th 
or  26th  of  January  in  a  sleigh.  1  fear,  from  our  having 
heard  iMithing  of  him  sinte,  that  he  is  no  more,  and  that 
valuabU  oflieer  forever  l6st  to  his' country. 

«  The  dead  of  our  amtiy  are  still  denied  the  rights  of 
sepultufe.  At  the  time  4  left  Sand'  ich,  I  was  told  the 
hogs  were  eati-ig  them.  A  gentleman  told  me  he  had 
seen  them  running  about  with  skulls,  arms,  legs  and  other 
parts  of  the  human  Bystem  in  theirmouths.  The  Ffepch 
people  on  the  Raisin  buried  captains  Mart,  Woollolk  and 
some  others,  but  it  was  rriore  than  iheir  lives  uere  woiih, 
to  have  been  caught  paying  this  last  accusiomed  tribute  to 

TOOrtaUity.  ;-■  ■    r-:^l,:-/„jr:,^-..^    ■■  .    .  ' -^- I 

^«j  have  several  times  agitated  the  subject  of  burying 
the  dead,  when  in  company,  with  the  British  officers,'  biit 
they,  always  answered  that  :the3  Indians  would  not  sul- 


.-./■■ 


-.< 


B. 


Jtr^iiitn  of  t^e  Jjnerican  firiaonershU  \aer^ 
bytfie  )Jndian»  mbae^uent^o  the  hiHe  af  Frenchfown, 

1.  Pascal  Hicktnan,  captaihi  2.  James  E.Blvih,^  pri^i 
vate;  S.Charles  Gerles,  do.  4.  Thomas  S.  Crow,  dof  5. 
Oamel  l^amellV do.  0.  ITiomas  Ward,  d&i  7.  VVilHanv 
Butler,  do.     8.  Henry  DoWny,  do.    9.  John  P.  Sydney,  6g'. 

In  addition  to  the  above  number,  saw  two  others  toma^ 
hawked  at  Sandy  creek  myself,  nd  fihd  that  the  prison- 
ers now  in  the  hospital  at  Sandwich  saw.  ^ayfifieen  or 
eighteen  others^  treate^d  in  ibft  sHTn,  — 


\  jai       v^'^  t^WTk  •^j^*^ 


»r> 


v»     niCjf 


»ell  me  they  saw  one  who  had  the  appearance  of  harir 
been  burned  to  death.    Those  men  who  saw  Henrv  Ddv 


i 


.136 


BARBAIilTIES  OF 


ny  anJ  William  Butler  killed,  UW  me  that  the  Indians  left 

tl:emvvithoiit  scalping. 

w  r  ISAAC  L.  BAKER, 

•*  ?-n  li  -*  -;>;^  >-^^^  2rf  l/nittd  Stages*  infantry^. 

Colonci  H,  Proctor,  ,  •  ,  ^^^ 

Mx tract  of  a  letter  from  Major-general  Hartiscn  to  th'e 
Skcretary^ativar^  dated  ai  the  MiUmi  Ra^idsy  F^ffrud>^ 
ty  \\^  ISIS".  ■  ■     •     ■,;"';^^,  ■'  -.''"■'■■■■^  -^ 

,*<  I  have  the  honour  to  enclose  to  you  the  deposiuoji' 
©f  Mi&dard  Lubadie,  who  waa  at  the  river  Raisin  on  the 
22d  ult.  and  remaincd^there  till  ill e  5th  instant..  His  ac- 
count of  ilie  loss  of  the  enemy  in  the  action  is  corrobo- 
lAtcd  by  scven.l  others,  nor  is  there  the  least  reason  to 
doubt  hi'5  sialement,  as  it  regards  the  horrible  fiatc  of  our 
Momakd  mep.  There  is  another  circumstance  which 
plainly  shews  tivat  tl:e  BHtish  have  no  intention  to  coa- 
ductthe  war  (at  least  in  this  quarter)  upon  thjose.princi*  ■ 
pies  which  have  been  held  sacred  by  ail  civilized  nationf. 
On  the  30th  ult.  I  dispatched  doctor  M'Keha'n,^  sur- 
geon's mate  in  the  militia,  with  a;  flag,  to  ascertain  tl>e 
utuation  of  our  woundtd.  lie  was.  attended  by  one  of 
our  mifiiia  men  and  a  Fienchman*  On  the  night  after 
their  departure,  they  halted  near  this  place  for  the  pur- 
pose of  u4ing  a  few  hour*^  sleep,  in  a  vacant  cabin  upon, 
the  ban!;  of  the  j'iver.  The  cariole  in  which  they  trav- 
elled was  left  at  the  door  witli  the  flag  set  up  in  it.  They 
were  discovered  by  a  party  of  Indians  (accompanied,  it 
is  Said,  by  a  British  officer)  and  attacked  in  th^  manner 
described  in  the  deposition.  The  militia  man  was  killed, 
and  sculpfed,  the  doctor  and  the  Frencliman  taken*  Doc- 
tor M'Kefc  ban  was  furnished  with  a  letter  acldressed  to 
any  Briush  officer  whom  he  might  meet,  described  the 
character  in  which  he  went,  and  the  object  for  which  he 
WdS  sent,  an  open  letter  to  general  Winchester,  and  writ- 
ten instructions  to  himself  all  of  whichhe  was  directed  to 
sliow  to  the  first  ofScer  he  met  with.  Ho  was  also  sup- 
plied with  one  hundred  dollars  in  gold  tp  procure  necessa- 
ries tor  the  pritioners." 

The  affidavit  of  Mcdard  LabbuJie.,  late  resident  near 


THE  ENExMr. 


K7 


ians  left 
2ntry\ 


n  to  the 
Februa*- 


posiuott' 
on  the 
His  acc 
corrobo- 
:ason  iQ 
B  of  our 
B  whicfi 
to  coa- 
jprinci* 
nations 
I  ^  sur* 
Lain  th^ 
rone  or 
;ht  after 
,he  pur- 
an  upon, 
ley  trav- 
^  Thejr 
mice!)  it 
mannei* 
s  killed. 
i»  Doc* 
jssed  to 
bed  the 
hich  he 
nd  wiit- 
ected  to 
Iso  sup- 
iecessiw 

nt  near 


the  river  Raisin,  in  the  Miehi^an  territory.     He  beln^ 
sworn,  saith,   h    was  in  his  house  when  he  heard  the  guns 
at  the  commencement  of  the  action  at  the  river  Raisin, 
on  the  22d  January,  18 1 3,  bet  ween  the  American  fortes  un- 
der general  Winchester,  and  the  British, <>anadian  and  In- 
dian forces,  said  to  be  commanded  by  col.  St.  George. — 
After  some  little  time,  he  heard  that  the  Indians  were  kill- 
ingthe  inhabitants  as  well  as  t  he  Americans,  upon  which 
he  went  towards  the  scene  of  action,  in  order  to  save  his 
family.     As  he  W4Bnt  on,  he  was  with  one  other  inhabhant 
taken  prisoner  by  two  Wynadot  Indians,  and  carried  pris- 
oner to   the  Indian  lines,  from  which  lie  saw  great  part  of 
the  aclioa.     The  right  wing  of  the  Americans  had  giv- 
en fiiy  before  he  got  a  sight  of  the  action.     It  terminated 
after. the  sun  was  some  hotirshigh,  not  far  from  1 1  o'clock 
A.  M.  by  th«  surrenr"  .rof  the  American  forces  that  then 
remained  on  the  ground.     He  saw  ih«  flag  hoisted  by 
thefimish  sent  tb  the  American  forces,  and  saw  it  pass 
three  times  to  the  4w^«ricans  before  the  surrender/    He 
could  not  understand  English,  but  understood  that  general 
yS  inchester  was  taken  prisonev  before  he   got  to  the  lines 
of  his  own  men  ;  that  he^  was  compelled  to  can y  the  flag 
to  his  own  forces  after  he  ws^s  taken  j  that  he  understood 
th'5  reason  of  the  flag  passing  so  often  was  that  the  Araer- 
icans  refused  to  surrender  upon  any  other  terms  than  the 
wounded  should  be  taken  care,  of,  the  dead  buried,  and 
the  inhabitant^' protected  in  their  property.     That  the 
British  first  refused  to  agriee  to  these  terms,  but  finaily 
did  agree  to  the mv-  He  also  understood  that  the  loss  of 
the  British  and  Indian*  in  the  action  was  about  40Q  killed. 
He  also  understood  that  the  loss  of  the  Americans  in  tiie 
action  was  about  180  killed. 

He  knows  that  on  the  day  of  the  action  all  thc^prison- 
era  who  were  able  to  march  were  marched  off  towards 
Maiden,  the  wounded,  about  60  or  80  in  number,  left  in 
two  houses  without  any  of  thfeir  friends  or  a  physician  to 
take  tare  of  them,  and  without  any  Biitish  officer  or  men. 
About  ten  Indians  remained  behind  upon  the  ground— th® 
balance  of  the  Indians  went  off  with  the  British,  and  he 


■    wa&  told  by  some  of  the  Canadian  militia  that  X\i^- 


138 


BARBARITIES  OF 


had*  promised  the  Indians  a  frolic  that  night  at  Stony  creek,! 
about  six  miles  from  the  river  Raisin. 

He  was  liberated  after  the  line  of  march  was  formed 
for  Maiden.  The  next  morning  he  was  in  the  houses 
where  the  wounded  were.  That  morning  about  fifty  In- 
dians returned  ;  they  brought  whiskey  with  them  ;  they 
drank  some  and  gave  sojne  to  the  Indians  there,  and  be- 
tween 9  and  10  o'clock,  A.  M.  commenced  killing  the 
wounded,  theti  set, fire  to  the  houses  the  wound&d  were  in, 
and  consumed  them.  He  was  at  hi&fath«^r's  on  tUs  side 
ol  the  Detroit  liver,  about  seven  day.  r  .t  the  acti9n, 
arkl  saw  across  the  river  the  prisoners  mL  cd  off  for  Ni- 
agara fi'om  Mulden.    ,;■:■:,   \     >,^.^   >';;if> //^•.^.."•^  ;;.^  ;.<—:.■  •,  ^ 

He  §aith  that  he  saw  taken  by  his  lioiisc,  by  captsdn  El- 
liot, and  nine  Wyandot  Indians,  two  men  that  he  under- 
stood had  been  sent  by  general  Harrison  with  a  flag  to  the 
British.  One  of  the  men  (Mr.  Tessier)  he  knew,  the  oth- 
er he  did  not  k^w,  but  understood  he  was  a  doctor.  He 
had  not  an  opportunity  of  conversing  with  them,  but  un- 
derstood from  an  inhabitant,  to  whom  Mr.  Tessier  com- 
municated it,  that  tJhey  stopped  for  the  night  and  left  the 
fhg  hoisted  on  the  cariole ;  linat  the  flag  was  taken  away 
unknown  to  them,  and  thi|t%ie  Indians  Bred  on  them  ;, 
that  he,  Tessier,  told  theija  they  were  Frenchmen,  and 
surrendered,  upon  wlHcb  thue  Indians  ceased  firing,  and 
took  them.  Tl|«y  then  mentioned  they  were  sent  with  a 
jflag.     The  Indiana  said  tl>ey  were  liars,  and  took  them 

Mr.  Tessier  was  set  at  liberty  at  the  river  aisin,  and 
i«mained  two  days  expejot^i|J;  the  doctor  to  return^  j  at  the 
end  of  which  time  Tesslj^r  was  sent  foi'  by  the  British 
and  taken  to  Maiden.  He  understood  that  the  doctor 
was  sent  off  immediately  to  Niagara ;  the  doctor  w*s 
wounded  in  the  ancle.  He  understood  the  British  charged 
the  doctor  and  Tessier  with  being  spies.  And  furlhcj:  hei 
sailhnot.  ..  :r^'-i. -i^:'.C-:'v'';:. -■-:::  ^•>'' 

(Signed)  :       MEDAItD  LABBADIE; 

Witneas>  G.  Gratiot)  captain  of  engineers  and  inierpr^ 

tCP. 


THE  ENEMY. 


%S9 


Sworn  to  before  me,  this  Mth  day  of  February,   1813. 
Gamp,  foot  of  the  Miami  Rapidi 

(Signed)  C.  S.  TOO0,  dis.  judge  ad. 

\  R»*GRAHAM,  aid'dc-cainp. 

A  true  copy. 

*  J^'icbolatvillcy  Kentucky, 

'  '_  ^  ^/iW/ 24^A,  1813. 

biR— .Tour*  of  the  5th  inst.  requesting  me  to  give  you 
a  statement  respecting  the  late  disaster  at  Frcnchtown, 
v'as  duly  received.  Rest  assured,  sir,  that  it  is  with  sen* 
sations  th«  most  unpleasant,  that  I  undertake  to  recount  the 
infamous  and  barbarous  conduct  of  the  British  and  ladians. 
after  the  battle  of  the  23d  of  January.  The  blood  runs 
oold  in  my  veins  when  t  think  of  it. 

On  the  morning  ofthe  2  3d»  shortly  after  Tight,  six  or 
eight  Indians  came  to  the  house  of  Jean  Baptiste  Je- 
raume,,  where  I  was  ia  company  with  Major  Graves. 
Captains  Hart  and  Hickman,  Doctor  Todd^and  fifteen  or 

^enty  private  volunteers,  belonging  to  different  corps • 

They  did  not  molest  any  person  or  thing  on  their  first  ap» 
proach,  but    kept  sauntering   about  until  there  werea 
large    nui;nber    collected    (say  one  or  two  hundred)    at 
which  time  they  commenced  plundering  the  housos  of  the 
inhabitants,  and  the  massacre  of  the  wounded  prisoners. 
I  was  one  amongst  the  first  that  was  Uken  prisoner,  and 
was  taken  to  a  horse  about  twenty  paces  from  the   hoUse> 
after  being  divested  of  pirt  of  ray  clothing,  and  command- 
cd  by  signs,  there  to  remain  for  further  orders.     Shortly 
after  being  there,  I  saw  them  knock  down  Captain  Hick- 
man 9f,  the  door,  together  with  several'  others,  with  whom. 
I  was  not  acquainted.     Supposing  a  general  massacre  had 
ftommenced,  I  madr.  an  cflbrt  to  get  to  an  house  about  one 
hundred  yards    distant,   which    contamed    a    number  of 
wounded,  but,  on  my  reaching  the  house,   to  my  great   - 
mortification,  found  it  si    rounded  by  Indians,  which  pre- 
cluded the  possibility  of  my  giving  notice  to  the  unfortu^ 
nate  victims  of  savage  barbarity.     An  Indian  chief  of  the 
Tama  tribe,  by  the  name  of  McCarty  gave  me  possession 
of  his  horse  and  blanket,  telling,  me  by  signs/  to  lead  the  ^ 


^0i 


(I 


BA«:BAR1T1E8  OF 


firorsc  to  thQ»house  which  I  had  just  before  left.  Th6  Itv^ 
diun  that  first  took  me,  by  this  time  came  up  and  man|« 
fested  a  hostile  disposition  towards  me,  by  raising  his  tom* 
uhawk  as  if  to  gi^^  me  the  fatal  blow,  which  was  prevented 
by  my  very  gooU  friend  McCarly.  On  ixiy  reaching  the 
house  which  I  had  at  first  started  from,  I  saw  the  Indians 
takp  oi?  several  prisoners,  whom  I  afterwards  saw  in  the 
roud,  in  a  mosK.  mangled  condition^  and  entirely  stript,.of 
tiieir'clothing.  , 

Mr.  Bradford,  Searlsj  Turner  and  BIythe,  were  collect- 
ed  round  a  carigle  which  contained  articles  taken  by  tliQ 
Indians  from  the  citizensvt     We  had  all  been  placed  there^ 
by  our  respective  captors,  except  BIythe,  who  came  where 
"we  were,  entreating  an  Indian  to  convey  him  to  Maiden^ 
promising  to. give  him  forty  or.  fifty  dollars,  and  whilst  in 
the  actof  pleading  for  mercy,  an  Indian  more  savage  than 
the  other,  stepcied  up  behind,  tomahawked^  stripped  and 
sculped  him.     The  next  that  attracted  ray  attention,  -was 
Hthe  houses  on  fii'c,  that^contained^^veral  wounded  whom  I 
inew  were  notable  to  get  out.:    After  the  houses  wcr« 
nearly,  consumed,  we  received  marching  orders,  and  after 
arriving  at  Sandycree.kthe  Indiana  called  a  halt^  and  com'* 
menced  cooking  ;  after  preparing  and  eating  a  little  sweet- 
ened gruel,  Messrs.  Bradford,  Searlsi  Turner  and  myself 
received  some,  and  were  eating,  w^enjin  Indian  came  up, 
and  proposed  exchanging  his  mockasons  for  Mr.  Searls' 
shoes,  which  he  readily  complied  with.     They  then  ex- 
changed hat«i  after  which  the  Indian  inquired  how  many 
Hf^en  Harrison  had  with  hiiT),  and  at  the  same  time  calling 
S^eavlsa  Washittgtoa  or  Madison,  then  raised  his  toma- 
hawk and  strucii  him  on  the  shoulder,  whiGh  cut  into  the 
cavity  of  the  body.     Searls  then  caught  hold  of  the  toma- 
hawk and  appeared  to  resist,  and  upon  my  telling  him  that 
his  fate  was  inevitable,  he  closed  his  eyes,  and  received'the 
Siivag«  Wow,  which  terininated  his  existenoe.     I  was  near 
enough  to  him  to  receive  the  brains  and  blood,  aftar  the 
fatal  blow,  on  my  blanket.    A  short  time  after  the  death  of 
S earls,  I  saw  three  others  share  Uie  same  fate.     We  ihtn 
set  out  for  Brownstown,  which  place  we  reached  about   12 
«r  1  o'cbck  at  night.  •  After %eing  exposed  to  several  hours 


THE  ENEMY, 


inces<vant  rain  in  reaching  that  place  we  were  put  into'  the 
council  house,  the  Soor  of  which  was  partly  corered  with 
water  ;  at  which  place  we  remained  until  next  mornings 
when  we  again  received  marching  orders  fbr  their  village 
on  the  river  Rouge,  whieh  place  we  mad^at  day,  where 
1  was  kept  six  days,  then  taken  to  DotroJRd  sold.  For 
a  more  detailed  account  of  the  proceediflpi,  1  take  the  lib- 
erty of  referring  yoa  to  a  publication  which  appeared  ia 
the  puWick  prints,  signed  by  ensign  I.  L.  Baker  ;  and  tc^ 
the  publication  of  Judge  Woodward,  both  of  which  Ihave 
j^artictilurly  examined  and  find  to  be  literally  correct,  so  far 
as  game  under  my  notice, 

I  am  Sir,  with  dai  reg&fd, 
Youp  fellow  citiz  en, 

GUSTAVUS  M.  BOWER. 

^y  ^       ;  SurgettnU  Mite'f  5tA  rest,  Kentucky  volunteers. 

Jessamine  oowity,  to  wit. 
This  day  Qusta^rus  M.  B©wer  personally  tame  before 
me)  John  M^calf)  one  of  the  common  wealth's  justices  of 
the  peace,  in  ami  for  said?  county,  and  mad«  oath  to  the 
truth  of  assertions  before  stated  bf  the  said  Bower. 

Oiv&a  tinder  my  hand  this  24th  day  of  April,  1 3i?. 

JOHN  METCALF. 

lessfc  Bl€dso€|  Esq.  Lexingtoiu     iV  -  .^^^^^^^^ 

Le:ringion^  May 24i  \9\^, 
Sir— I  received  yo^r  letter  some  time  since,  relative 
^o  ilie  disastrous  affttir  of  Frenchtpwn,  of  tlve  a2d,  and  23d 
January  last.  For  the  partieuWrs  of  the  aciion,  and  the 
termsof  capitulation,  I  refer  you  to  ihe  official  report  of 
General  Winchester,  which,  is  correct  as  far  as  came 
withia  my  kno*vledge.  After  the  capitulation,  I  wijs.  in- 
U:Qdiice<l  to  Colonel  Proctor,  ike  commander  of  the  British 
forces  and  Indians,  as  one  of  tiie  surviving  surgeons,  and 
by  him  was  requested  to  attend  to  our  wounded,  who  were 
left  on  the  ground  where  the  action  was  fought.  £  wil- 
lingly acquiesced,  astd  Dootor  Bowers  my  mate  remained 
with  me  ;  at  the  same  time  I  informed  Colonel  Proctor  ol* 
my  apprehensions  for  the  safety  of  tlie  woundedvftnd  tka. 


I4d 


BARBARITIES  OF 


surgeoNft ;  he  replied,  be  under  no  apprehensions,  you  win 
be  perfectly  safe,  I  will  place  you  under  the  special  caft 
of  the  chiefi  until  morning,  and  very  early  J  will  send  con- 
veyances for  the  wounded  and  yourself  to  Ainherstburg. 
Shortly  after,  I^as  requested  to  ascertain  th»  number  and 
ratik  of  the  w«bded^  and  in  so  doing  was  assisted  by  a 
British  officer ^Ipose  naniG  r  did  not  know)  to  whom  I 
likewise  communicated  my  apprehensions  of  safety;  he 
manifested  some  irritation  at  my  doubts  of  Bntish  honour 
Juid  magnanimity,  and  assured  me  protection  would  be  af- 
forded me.  While  engaged  in  thi«  business,  one  of  the 
rooms  occu|)ied  by  the  wounded  was  crowdeil  ^ with  -  In- 
dians, who  were  peaceable,  but  one  of  them  who  could, 
speak  English  admohishcd  the  British  officer  of  the  pro- 
priety of  stationing  interpreters  in  the  houses.  Upon  my 
return  from  this  business  to  tiie  room  I  occupied^  and 
which  was  set  ^part  for  the  w^linded  officers,  I  met,  and 
•was  made  acquainted  with  Captain  ISlliot,  at  present  .a 
British  officer*  who  had  Yisited  Captain  Hart  then  wound* 
ed,  Captain^  Hart  was  solifcit6ua^  to  be  r«mo?©c(  thatj  cv-f 
ening,and  captain  Elliot  replied,  if  it  was  possible  (and 
every  excrtioH  should  be  made)  he  should^  and,if  it  could 
not  be  effected  that  evening,  early  in  the  moaning  he  would 
call  for  him  in  his  owfi<trai»  (skigh)  ati^'  convey  him  to 
his  own  house  in  Amlierstburg^  where  he  should  remain 
until  recovered,  assuring  himy.repeatedlyj  ho  cl^ger  was 
to  be  apprehended,  and  if  possible^  he  Vouldreniain  with 
him  that  night*  In  the  afternoon,  tJap^glin  ElUpt  and  ev- 
ery British  officer  left  the  enc&mpmcnt,  leaving  behind 
three  intjeqireters.  From  the-  r^pcsited  assurances,  my 
apprehen^ns  were  quieted  ;  for  who  cOuld  doubt  ?-'■■  ,  . 
About  one. hour  before  day  light  (for  my  duties  required 
my  attentioii  nearly  all  the  night}  the  interpreters  sudden- 
ly disappeared.  About  an  hoiir  after  day  light,  the  In- 
dians began  to  collect  in  the  town,  and  commenced  plun- 
dering the  houses  in  whick  the  wounded  Were  ptacedj  and 
then  stripped  tnem  and  myself  of  our  clothing.  At  this 
time  the  room  I  had  occupied,  was  crowded  with  Indians, 
♦and  Captain  Hart's  wound  already  painful,  being  injured 
J>y  t^era,  I  conveyed  him  to  an  adjoining  house  which 


THE-ENEMV.  „j 

h*d  been  plundered  an*  wa.  empty,  where  I  met  the  In- 
Aan  (who  on  the  preceding  day  had  requested  that  in- 
jerpreters  should  be  left)  and  he  knew  my  rank     iTj 

--Th™.u  ^"'P''^?  "  w««  the  wish  of  Colonel  Proctor 
we  should  remain  unUl  he  couW  sendfor  us  j  and  captain 

-« L'^lT/"'  u™  ''P'""  ^"'°«  '«">«  friend  of  Kd 

ZTZr^\  ^°'  i""  ,?^!'  ^°^«-  "«  'hook  his  h«i 
ogmficantly,  and  replied  they  w^re  damned  rascals,  or  wo 
would  have  been  Uken  off  the  preceding  day.  The  iL! 
i^.Al^n'""'  .  T  «»?'-y  individual  would  be  killed,  and 
requested  me  to  be  quiet,  for  the  chiefs  Were  then  in  coun- 
eU  and,...  may  ^,".  only  the  wounded  would  be  kilM. 
S'!S!'"M^r  °ff^<JWm  one  hundred  dollars  to  take 
«i  wvr'^'"-  "'  >:«'P««<i.-you  ate  too  badly  womri- 
f       J^..!."*  *"«=°"ver6ing,oneofthcwounded.wa8 

wrned  and  told  me,  I  was  a  prisoner,  and  must  go.  1  was 
taken  by  thelndian  to  the  house  I  had  left,  and-there  «s. 
covered  that  captain  Hitchman  and  two  others  had  to 
my  absence  been  tomahawked,  scalpt,  and  stript.  I  wS?- 
tied  and  taken  by  this  IndUn  toward  Maiden  about  fo" 
miles,  when  i  came  to  the  encampment  of  the  British 

71^1;  f''  ™"  "ith  '"Ptoin  Elliott  and  the  surgeon 
of  the  4l6t  regtmenu  Captain  EUiotHmmediattly  reeoR- 
ni»edme,and  enquired  the  cause  of  my  situation.  I  in- 
formed  him  what  had  taHen  place,  and  requested  him  to 
send  back  immediately,  that  some  who-were  badlv  wounds 
ed  mi8ht.«tiU  be  alive,  and  could  .be  saved,  particuUiX 

"J^^  rZT^  ^u'' ^°' "''°™  *•* ""'nifcted much frien*. 
ship.     Captain  tlliott  replied,  It  is  now  too  Ute,  you  may 

rest a«,mcd  that  those  who^re  once  tak«» by  the  IndiaM . 
are  safe,  and  will  be  taken  to  Maiden,  and  those  whV^ 
bUly  wound  are  killed  ere  this.  1  repHed,  many  are 
unabktow^k,  and  some  Will  be  killed  after  inakin^an 
effort  and  walkingsevei-almilea,  who  might  be  saved  ;  to  ' 
Which  he  re{*ed,chaiivr  begins  at  home,  my  own  wound- 
Sr/'t  f? J*  «°"We^:im,and  if  aiiy  sleighs  remain. 
*  If^i.i'ti'"'  '»^<^f  "JO?'-  wounded.  My  anxiety 
"^a'-'-'omtfCrsotiiiit^^^niiin  hopes  of  saving  some  of 
the  prisoners,  induced  me  at  length  to  make  an  appeal  to 


144 


BARBARITIES  OF 


their  avarice.    The  surgical  inalnHncnts  of  the  detach' 
jnent  were  left  in  the  room  I  occupied,  a»id  1  informed  tl^ 
surgeon  of  their  value  and  importance  at  the  time;  he 
immediutelf  dispatched  an  interpreter  for  them*  who  re- 
turned with  the  information  that  they  were  destroyed  in 
the  burning  of  the  house,  and  gave  additional  information 
of  the  massacre  of  the  wounded.     I  was  released  from  the 
Indians  by  Captain    Elliot  and    tho    surgeon.      At   this 
time  my  brother  vfho  was  wounded,  and  several  others, 
were  in  possession  of  the  Indians,  who  were  taking  them 
towards  Maiden.     I   requested  their  release,  and  permis* 
Bion  for  them  to  accomi>any  me  on  foot,  under  British  pro- 
tection.    Captain  Elliot  told  me  it  was  impossible,  and  to 
be  under  no  fears  ;  Uicy  were  safe  for  Ive  knew  the  fi<tel- 
ity  of  the  Indians  with  whom  they  were.     When  the  in- 
telligence of  the  massacre  was  by  me  communicated  to 
<:aplain  Elliot)  and  the  surgeon,  tliey  appeared  iinuch  exas- 
perated, and  declared  it  was  impossible  to  restrain  the  sav- 
ages.   The  cause  he  then  assigned  to  me  wa«,  that  when 
the  Indians  ^discovered  their  loss  in  killed  and  wound- 
ed, and  that  of  the  British,  they  started  off  toward*  our 
wounded,  declared  Jhcy  would  have  satisfaction,  and,  he 
continued,  I  was  feai'ful  of  the  event.     During  the  plunder 
and  massacre,  our  wounded  conducted  themselves  with 
tlie  utmost  eomposure  and  resignation*  and  made  no  re- 
sistrince,  which  they  knew  would  be  friiitlew,and  destruc- 
tion to  all,  /^ 

It  was  asserted  by  colonel  Proctor,  in  a  conrersation 
at  Amherstburg,  tlrat  the  Indians  had  got  some  whiskey  in 
the  house  we  were  stationed,  and  hdd  become  intoxi- 
cated. That  the  Indians  may  have  had  some  whiskey,  I 
shall  not  deny,  but  I  think  1  can  safely  say,  that  they 
did  not  procure  it  tl;ere,  and  Maf  wsts  not  tlie  cause  of 
the  massacre,  for  on  the  preceding  days  and  subsequent 
^o  tlie  action  of  the  I8tb,  I  wanted  some  spirits,  and  made 
application  to  the  housekeeper,  who  assured  me  thee  was 
npne  about  the  house,  for  it  was  all  consumed  by  the  Brit- 
ish and  Indians  who  had  quartered  in  the  house  prior  to 
the  action  of  the  18th  ;  besides  the  Indians  shewed  no 
manifestation  of  drunkcncss  j    their  deliberate  pilfering 


THE  ENEMY. 


U5 


•i>d  their  orderly  conduct  throughout,  was  not  such  as 
would  be  expected  from  drunken  Indians.  •  *,   t 

Upon  my  arrival  at  Maiden  1  vviia  again  solicited  to 
take  charge  of  the  wounded,  the  surgery  was  opened  to 
me,  and  I  had  the  use  of  the  medicines  and  dressings  ne- 
cessary, and  they  had  as  comfortable  rooms  as  could  be 
procured.  During  our  stay  in  Maiden  some  eight  or  ten 
of  the  wounded  were  brought  in  by  the  Iridians  ;  several 
nvddK  .eir  escape  who  were  doomed  to  massacre,  and 
found  protection  with  the  inhabitants  of  tlie  territory,  who 
brought  them  into  Maiden,  and  several  made  their  escape, 

wajidered  in  and  delivered  themselves  up  at  the  fort 

Prior  to  our  leaving  Maiden,  one  poor  fellow  was  brought 
in  scalped  alive  by  the  Indians  and  delivered  up  to  the 
British,  but  before  I  reached  him,  death  put* an  end  to 
his  sufferings.  I  frequently,  and  on  every  ociiasion,  urg- 
ed the  British  officers  to  exert  themselves  and  procure 
the  release  of  the  wounded  from  the  Indians,  urging  the 
necessity  of  having  their  wonnds  dressed.  )'n  a  conver- 
sation on  this  subject  with  captain  Elliott,  and  while  urg- 
ing  it,  he  replied,  the  Indians  are  excellent  surgeons.  The 
prisoners  were  all  marched  oft"  to  Sandwich  after  re;nain- 
ing  a  few  days  at  Maiden,  and  I  was  called  upon  to  know 
how  many  from  their  wound?  were  unable  to  march  ;  who 
had  sleighs  furnished  them,  which  was  the  case  during  the 
march  to  Fort  George.  Before  I  conclude,  i  must  say 
that  the  terms  of  capitulationjwerc  violated  in  every  partic- 
ular by  the  enemy.  The  wounded  were  not  protected  • 
private  property  was  not  held  sacred  ;  and  our  side  arms 
were  not  restored.  With  a  few  exceptions,  1  was  treated 
respectfully  by  the  British  officers,  save  the  abuse  which 
was  lavished  on  my  government,  and  t/iat  was  by  no  means 
sparingly  bestowed. 
•         I  am,  respectfully,  &c. 

-^  -        #v        S.  JOHN  TODD,  M.  0. 

and  late  surgeon  to  the  5th  regt,  «if  Kentucky 
volunteer  militia.  /      ■£  ^ 

The  Horit  Jesse  JBledsoc,  *     ■  \, 


i^ 


146 


r»AMfe!\RIT!ES  OF 


««• 


The  commonwealth  ^fJCenttu^k^^ 
Fayette  county^  J 

This  day  Doctor  John  To^  caine  bc^fore  ine>  Ic4>n  H* 
Morton)  a  justice  of  the  peace  lor  ssdd  county^  iM»d  ma4e 
^athy  that  the  facts  atated  in  the  ,ibre|;oing  le^l^r  are  suh* 
atantially  true  to  the  best  of  his  knov?ledge.*    ^ 
Given  un<|er  my  hand  tbis.Sd  day  of  Mayi  18 1^.      * 

^OHN H.  MOa TON. 


4T!i'>;.y.: 


State  qf  JCent^uc^yPendiiton  county ^^m 

On  the  2Vst  day  of  AprU,  l8l3Kiriohn;^awsony  an  or* 
derly  serjeant  in  captain  Olard's  coinpany  of  J^e^  Tirst^ 
regiment  Kentucky  volunteer  mUitia  Jt>eing  detailed  off 
and  attach  6c!  to  captain  \\r.iel  Seabree^Vxpnipanyr  ,un4 
was  in  the  battle  of  tJie  1,8th  January,  and  <fid  notreijeive  a 
■wound,  but  on  J  the  22d,  about  9  p'Qioolt,  received  a  shot 
41  nder  the  right  arm,  which  lodged  between  the  ribs.— .r^ 
After  the  capituiation  of  our  tretpps,  there  pame  a  paymaa- 
ler  of  the  British  army  in  the  house  w here;  1  was,  to  take 
the  number  of  wounded  that  was  in  the  house,' I  asked  wliat 
was  to  be  donc^  wiih  us^ ;  he  replied  don't  make  yourself 
uneasy  about  that,  you  ^hall  be  protected  Wis  nigP^^y  * 
itrong  guard  which  ahaJlb(B  left  with  ypu.  But  to  nty  sad 
jnisfortunc,  1  found  there  werebut  three  Inierpereleri  left, 
and  in  the  mghi  an  clBcer  took  two  of  tliem  away,  and  in 
the  morning  the  oiherone  said  he  could  not  talk  Indian.^^ 
So  when  the  Indians  came  in  the  morning,  they  broke  open 
the  doors  of  the  houses,  began  to  tomahawk,  scalp  and 
plunder,  then  set  fire  to  the  houses  which  contained  the 
prisoners  J  with  this  I  got  up,  put  on  my  great  coat  pnt 
up  my  knapsack,  and  went  out  of  dooi*s.  1  had  not  b^jen 
x)ut  more  than  one  minute,  before  an  Indian  c^ame  up  to 
me  and  took  a  coat  off  my  back,  also  another  Indian 
told  me  to  put  my  knapsack  in  his  sled  ;  I  did  so-  At 
this  time  major  Graves  and  captain  Hart  were  out  in  the 
yard.  I  heard  captain  Hart  make  a  bargain  with  an  In- 
dian to  take  him  to  Maiden,  which  the  Indian  agreed  , to 
do  for  the  sum  uf  one  huiidrcu  uoilars,     i  savv  tne  in- 

socks  on  Hart  a 


put  a  pair 


put 


tiiis  was  the  last  I  saw  gf  Hart.     I  then  saw  a  man 


riding*! 


THE  EI4EM*V 


ur 


v^lidm  I  thought  was  a  British  ofiicef.  I  nia^e  to  liitn, 
but  found  that  he  wis  an  Indian,  who  was  aid-de-camp' 
to  goMetal  Rcmfidh«ad  ;  he  had  w^^  when  I  came  up 

twelve  men.  It  was  at  thfe  mouth  6f  a  lane  where  I 
overtook  hi^,  where  there  wefe  two  Indians  scalping  two 
men  ;  he  hallooed  to  them  to  give  way  ;  they  did  so.  A  f- 
ter  this,  we  went  on,  and  bn  Sandy  creek)  about  3  miles 
from  thei  battie  ground!  I  saw  major  Graves  in  an  Indian 
sieij^h  ;  this  is  the  la^  account  of  him  that  I  could  ascer- 
tains ^  We  went  on  that  night  toBrownkown,  and  in  the 
morning  of  the  94th,  a  man  gave  out  walking,  with  the 
rheumatick  pains,  who  was  by  the  name  of  Downey.  The 
Xndians  tomahawked  him  and  then  atript  him.  We  then 
parched  on  above  li^treit  on  the  river  Rouge.  I  stay- 
ed with  them  sewal  days,  they  then  took  me  into  Detroit 
(leaving  a  young  man  in  tlie  canip  by  tliename  of  John 
Davenport)  and  sold  me  to  Major  Muir,  who  commaiuls 
fbrt  Detroit;  1  then  was  sfent  over  to  Sandwich,"^  there  I 
stayed  until  the  Sth  of  February  ;  they'marchcd  me  lo 
fort  George,  and  me  on  the   19th  of  Februury, 

1813.  The  above  is  a  true  statement  as  far  as  1  suw, 
though  I  saw  numbei-S  massacred  that  1  did  not  know. 

Jjuring  my  cpnfiqement  with  the  Indians,  whilst  at 
their^feamps,'  they *shiew^d  mor^  hiiiiiiauity  than'  the  Biit^ 
is;h.-.;- 

iven  under  my  hand  this  2 1st  day  of  April,  1813. 

JOHN  DAWSON. 


endleion  cdunty^  **v 
•  I,  William  Mountjoy,  one  «f  the  commonwealth's  jus- 
tices of  the  peace  for  the  state  of  Kentucky,  in  and  for  said 
eounty,  do  certify  that  the  foiegoing  certificate  of  John 
Dawson,  was  written,  subscribed  and  sworn  to  before  me. 

Given  under  my  hand  this  2 1  st  day  of  A pril,  1 8  !  3. 

Wm.  mountjoy. 


State  6/  Jtentucky,  Pendleton  county,  in  the  town  rf  Fal' 

mouth* 
On  the  21st  day  of  April,   1813,  I  Thomas  Pollard, 
a  private  of  captain  Glave'a  company  of  the  first  Regi- 
ment of  Kentucky  volunteer  militia,  was  in  buttles  fought 


1,48 


BARBARITIES  OF 


with  the  British  and  Indian  army:,  on  the  1 8th  and  22d 
ofv  January  lust,  at  the  fiver  Raibin,  and  after  the  surf 
render  of  our  army  as  prisoners  of  war,  on  the  23d,  upon 
the  assurances  of  the  British  officers  promising  protection 
to  my  wounded  fellow  soldievs,  and  that  they  would  send 
carioles  for  them  the  next  *day,  although  I  liad  received 
Ro  injury  in  either  of  the  actions  fought  On  the  1 8th  and 
2^'d,  I  voluntarily  staid  to  assist  and  comfort  my  tness- 
mates,  John  Dawson  and  AlbeH  AmmcFman  and  Jesse 
Green,  all  of  whom  had  received  wounds  by  balls. 

1  have  first  examined  the  statement  made  and  swcrn 
to,  by  John  Dawson,  hereto  annexed,  and  witnessed  every 
cirturastance  therein  stated  to  be  truly  staled  within  my 
own  know Icdgt*.  The  Indian  who  bargained  with  captain 
Hart,  to  take  him  to  fort  Maiden  for  oi^e  hundred  dollars, 
and  took  charge  of  him- — put  him  on  a  horse  and  started 
on  his  way  ;  £^(!>ke  good  enough  the  English  tongue  for  us 
to  understand  the  contract. 

THOMAS  FOLtARa 


Pendleton  county,  ss. 

I  William  Mounijoyj  one  of  the  commonwealth's  jus- 
tices of  the  peace  for  the  state  of  Kentucky,  in  and  for 
said  county,  do  certily  that  the  foregoing  certificate  of 
Thomas  P9llard,  was  subscribed  and  sworn' to  before  me.  . 

Given  under  my  hand  this  2  i  st  April,  1 8 13; 

Wm.  mountjo 


State  of  Kentucky y  PendletonX^ounty^  intheti>wn  c^f 

mrufh,  \  -Wt 

On  the  21st  day  of  April,  18 13,  I  Albert  Ammerman, 
a  private  of  captain  Glave's  company/of  the  first  regi- 
ment of  Kentucky  volunteier  militia,  being  wounded  in 
the  battle  of  the  18th  January  last,  at  the  river  Raisin 
by  a  ball  in  the  flesh  of  the  thigh  ;  and  from  the  window 
of  the  house  which  was  appropriated  for  an  hospital,  was 
a  witness  to  the  batth  "  the  22d  of  ths  same  month  ;  an*a 
after  the  surrender,  I,  being  but  slightly  wounded,  pro- 
jM)sed  marching  with  the  rest  of  the  prisoners,  and  was 
prevented  by  the  order  of  a  Hritish  officer,  who  said   that 


a  guard  would  be  left  to  take  uare 


of  the   wounded,  and 


THE  ENEMY* 


149 


carioles  would    be  sent  for  them  to  ride  in  to  Maiden, 
on  the  next  mornirig.     But  to  my  astonishment  no  guarO, 
was  left,  and  aboat  sunrise  on  the  morning  of  the  23d,  a 
party  of  Jnd|?£ns  returned  to  the  Hospital,  and  the  first 
Indian  that  came  to  the  rpoin  I  was  lodged  in,  could 
speak  t|«  EngUshlsWiSuag^^-    He  \yas  asked  by  one  j)t 
4he  wounded  what  was  to  be  done  with  the  wounded.     He 
replied  they  w0re  all  to  be  jiilled  that  could  not  walk  ; 
and!  shordy  after  a  geheral  massac.re  commcRced.     1  in- 
stanUy  put  on  my  knapsack,  and  went  out  of  the  house  ; 
my  knapsack  was;  demanded  by  an  Indian,  at  the  door,  to 
whom  I  gave  it.    Jie  conducted  me  to  a  log  some  little 
distance  from  the  ho^se^^n  which  1  sat  down,  where  I 
witnessed  the  .butchery  of  manyjof  my  fellow  citizens— 
sulFereTsby  the  tomahawk^nd  scalping  knife;  and  to  fin- 
ish the  scene,  set  fire  to  the  houses  occupied  by  the  wound- 
ed prisoners,  many.of  them,  struggling  in  the  arms  of 
de?ith,  put  their  heads  out  of  the  windows  whi|^t  envelop- 
ed in  5lthoke  and  flames.-    After  this  bloody  work  was 
finished,  I  was  marched  off   on  the    direction    towards 
Brownstown,  by -an  Indian,  an?!  when  about  half  a  niile^ 
from  Frenchtown  on:  our  wayv  was  overtaken  by  two  In- 
dians, ^^lio  had  r  captain  Hart  in  custody,  mounted  on  a 
hcr^    As  they  approaohcd  nearly  to  us,  I  noticed  they 
were  speaking  louii  and  animated  as  ir  in  a  quarrel,  but 
not  understantHng  their  language  did  not  understand  w hat 
passedbetvvecnthemj  but  think  it'  is  probable  that  th6 
quarrel  was  occasioned  respecting  one^  hundred  dollai^ 
which  I  understood^ capMn  Hart  had  given  to  one  of  the 
Indians  af(M*esaldj  to  conveyhim  to  fort  Maiden.     The 
quarrel  appeared  to  grow  very  warm,  so  much  so,  that 
the  Indians  tooK  aim  at  each  other  with  their  guns  ami 
as  if  to  settle  the  dispitte  it  apjjeared  to  me  as  if  they  had 
mutually  agreed  to  kill  captain  Harrt  and  phindcr  him  of 
the  rest'of  his  money  and  efteets,  which  th6y  did,  by  taking 
him  off  his  borse,  then  knocked  him  down  w|th  u  war  club, 
scalped  and  tomahawked  him,  and  stript  him  naked,  leftv- 
in$r  his  body  on  the  ground.     T  was  gratified  in  obseivino; 
tliat,   during  the  sceiie  OE    iriai,   cu[iiaiii  ajiuft  rciiuiuca 
fit^in   supplication   or   intrenty,    but  appeared  peifecUy 


jrsa 


1 1 


BARBARITIES  OF 


caltn^and  coJlected.^  H«  met  his  fata  with  that  ffriaWa 
which^was  his  particular  charftcteriHtic.  No  other  pril. 
oner  qC  our  arrny  of  ih«  United  States  was  prt  nt  to  wit- 
Be$8  this  melaneholly  scene,  the  death  of  captain  Hart 
During  my  captivity  with  the  Indians,  five  days  only,  I  was 
treated  with  more  hospitality  than  X  had  any  reason  to  ex- 
p^ct,  much  more  so  than  I  experience^d  fi-om  thlBritish, 
after  I  wa^  ransomed  ati)etroit,  by  Mr.  Benjamin  ChitI 
tcnden,  who  wiJ]  Qver  be  entitled  to  iny  utmost  gratitude  • 

pL«*^  r^'  ^'^"'^".^^y  t^-eated,  and  also  by  §pme  pf  the 
Jr  rench  Canadians;  >       ^     ^      ;  =: .      - 

■    ^^  M;,;/  ,  '"^     •his,,':''';"'; -: '''■■■ '; 

,      ALI^RT  K  AMMERMAR 
V  mark. 

JPHNMiExaN    eOVNTY,  SS.  * 

I,  WilUam  Mountjoy,  one  of  the  commonwealths' justi- 
ces of  the  jj|at^,ior  the  state  of  Kentucky,  in  and  for  said 
county,  d(»ertify  the  foregoine:  certificate  of  Albert  Am. 
JDci^man,  was  subscribed  and  sw^orn  to  before  rad! 

Qi^n.underroyhandthis2lstdayof  April,  1813.  ^ 

\  Wm,  UQJ^N-r JOY: 


-Slb—Yqu  request  of  me.  a  statement  df  facts  withSt. 
my  own  knowledge,  concerning:  the  murder  of.  our  men 
after  the  battle  and" su rretidfir  at  Frenehto vvn. 

I  was  one  of  those  who  was  taken  by  the  Indians  on 
the  retreat,  about  one  and  a  half  miles  from  where  the. 
action  fir€t  coinmen:e|^,     Just  before    we  were    taken, 
with  the  assistance  Qfl^Ut^ant  Chinn,.  belonging  to  the 
militia,  I  formed  beiwe^n  fifteen  aig  twenty  men,  I  then 
Oiscoveredthe  Indiaas  running  upon  us  on  each  side  and 
jn  front,  about  8ix.ty4»  nun^ei^j  %vitK  their  arms  at  a  trail. 
1  discovered  there  wasjio  chance  to  repel  them.     I  order- 
ed the  men  to  ground  their  arms,  which  was  done  ;  the 
fediaas  then  came  up.  and  secured  the  arms  of  our  men, 
aiui'shot  them,  including  the  lieutesi^nt  before  m^nti-r-^c- 
1  was  the  only  one  savedT     I  waii taken  ami.dcUv«^^^^ 
tolQafilJElliott,  A. iiiUiah  office  c  \ 


tTHE  ENEMY- 


151 


my  own  kaowledge. 


Hion.,  Jesse  Bledsoe. 
Fuyette  Xlouniy  s  s. 


Xeur  ot»dient  servant, 


This  day  Ueuten^ntAshtonOa^t,  ofthelTlh  rcgi'- 
Hient  U.  S.  Infantry,  came  before  me,  and. made  oath  thai 
the  foregoing  statement  is  just  and  true  to  the  best  of  his 
knowledge  and; belief. 

Given  undei*  my  hand  this  thirteenth  day  of  April,  18  iS, 

_      Jf.  H.  MORTON,  J.F. 


ss. 


State  of  Kentucky   > 

Fayette  County.'    J 

Personally  appeared  before  me,  a  Justice  ©f  the  Pieace 
for  the  county  aforesaid,  Charles  Bradfo«l,  an  inhabitant 
of  the  town  of  Lej^ington,  state    of  Kentucky,  who  be-» 
ing  duly  swofti  oTi  the  Holy  EvaiBgeiists,  depose th  and 
s&ith,  that  he  was  in  the  actions  at  the  river  Raisin,  on 
the   18th  and  ^2d  af  January  last,  that  he  was  wounded 
in  the  right  hip  and  remained  at  Firenchtown  after  the 
eapitulation  ;  that  on  the  22 d  before  the  prisoners  (who 
were  able  to  walk),  were  marched  for  Maiden,  he  saw 
captain  Will iaai  Elliott,  with  whom  he  had  been  former- 
ly acquainted,  and  6f  whom  heenq^liiped  personally,  what 
would  be  4one  with  the  wounded  prisoners  ?  WheUier 
they  would  be  taken  to  Maiden  that  evening  with  th«  other 
prisoners  or  not  ?  he  said  they  would  not  be  taken  to  Mai- 
den that  evening,  but  a  strong  ^uard  would  be  left  to  pro* 
tectthen^against^any  outrage  the  Indians  might  be  disposed 
to  commit.     EUiatt  had  a  similap  conversation  with  nwijor 
Graves,  capt:  Ins  Hart  and  Hickman,  and  doctors  Todd 
and  Bowers,  in  the  presence  of  this  deponent.     He,  £1» 
liott,  further  stated  that  sleighs  would  be  sent  to  convey 
the  wounded  to  Maiden  the  next  moi'ning.    This  depo- 
nent lather    say«  that    the  British  marched  away  ;  no. 
guard  was  left  to  protect  the  wounded,  and  that  captain 

|7«ll!_^t      : liii-ss ' »    «.l-  -     —^ J5.—       -L-N _J      ..L.A.      _i__i-s,     i_.i.^_._ 

preterswere  left  whose-inHaence  among  the  Indians  was 
greatefj  and  that  they  were  better  able  to  protect  ua  t!fan 


*- 


rsa 


BARBARITIEJS  6f 


n  guard.     About  two  or  three  o'cldck  in  ihemorniDg  of 
the  S3d  January,  this  deponent/discovered  that  the  m- 
terpretcrs  had  left  thp  house  in  which  he  was,  |tfid  he 
never  gaw  them  afterMrards ;  that  between  day-Ught  and 
sun-rfie,  on  the||3d,  he  saw  i  large  number  of  Indiana 
come  to  the  houseV^y  bursty  open  the' door,  and  in  a  few 
minutes  commence^luhderlng  the  prisoners,  land  toma- 
hawking thosfewhb  vers  unable  to  w«Ik.     This  deponent 
left  the  hious^  as  soon  as  possible  and  went  into  the  yard, 
where  a  number  of  his  feliojv  |>Risoners  had  assembled  ; 
he  was  there  claimed  as  a  prisoner  by  an  Indian,  who 
gave  him  some  articles  to  hold  whilst  he  plundered  more. 
At  this  time  he  was  standing,  with  Doctor  Bo  we  ps  and 
James  E.  Blythe,  when  an  Indian  wittojt  any  provoca- 
tion, tomahawked  Blythe  and  scalped  him.    ShorUy  ^fter, 
they  (the  Indians)  set  fire  to  the  houses  in  which  the 
wounded  had  b^en  quartered  and  burnt  them  down,  with 
the  bodies  of  those  whom  they  had  murdered.     This  d«. 
ponent  was  then  taken  by  ih>  Indiais,  m  company  with 
Doctor  Bower,  Charles   Searlsv  Julius  Turner,  and  sev- 
eral others  to  Sandy  Creels  f that  on  .the  -wayhe  saw  a 
number  of  theprisonera  who  had  been  tomahawked  ;  that 
whilst  at  Sandy  C reek >  they  murdered  ^^ar|c»  Pearls, 
Thomas  S.  Crow,  and  thjec  or  four,  others;  that:  this 
deponent  was  then    packfd  with    icrty^j^or   fifty  p 
weight  and  taken  to  the  river  Rouge,.  ?/hf  re  the  Indians 
had  encamped;  that  whilst  he  was  there  he  enquired  of 
an  Indian  whether  he  would  take  him  to  Maiden,  as  he 
wished  to  be  given  to  colonel  Elliott.     Th«  Indian  said  if 
colonel  Elliott  told  him  to  do  so  he  would.  Sis  they  altjraya 
did  as  he  requested  them.     This  deponent  was  six  days 
with  the  Indians  beforethey  took  him  to  Detroit,  where 
he   was    purchased   by.  Stephen    Mack  and  Oliver  AV^ 
Miller,  for  eighty  dollars ;  that  the  British  officer  com- 
manding at  Detroit  (Major  Muir)  again  claimed  him  as 
a  British  prisoner,  notwithstanding  his  having  just  beei* 
ransomed  from  their  allies,  by  his  own  countrymen,  and 
sent  him  to  Sandwich,  where  he  remained  until  the  0th- 
or   \iiih  i-ebruary,  when  he    was    sent  to  fort  Creorge, 
and  there  pal*olled.    This  deponent  states,  that  whilst  a 
prisoner  at  Saiidwich,  he  was,  several  times  treated  ia* 


THE  ENEMY/ 


153 


sultiitgly  by  the  British  offieers,  and  by  one  John  M* 
Gregor ;  that  the  citizens  generally  treated  the  prison- 
ers with  kihdneiSs  and  attention,  as  far  as  was  ia  their  Pow» 
el*.  ■      ;■  ,X^'^'''-"..^'' ■  '       ■•■'  ■  ■ 

This  being  the  first  opportuhrty  the  deponent  has  had, 
of  expressing  his  gratitude  tathe  American  citizens,  who 
treated  the  prisoners  with  so  much  friendship  and  human- 
ity at  Detroit,  cannot  refrain  from  so  doing.  And  as  long 
ashelives,  the" names  of  Messi^.  Mack,  Miller,  Smart, 
Woodward,  Williams,  M  Donald,  Hunt,  Mays,  8cc.  shall 
never  be  forgotton. 

CHAS.  BRADFORD. 
Sworn  and  subscribed  to  before  me,  this  29th  day  of  A- 
pril,  1813. 

O.  K.IEN,J.  P. 
(Copy) 


;,  ,v 


United  States*  ihifi  MadUoTU 
Sackett*^  ffar6our,  4t/i  Jungy  \S13, 
Sir-— I  have  the  honour  to  present  you,  by  the  hands  of 
Lieutenant  Dudley,  the   British  Standard,  taken  at  York, 
on  the  srthttApril  last,  accompanied  by  the  mace,  over 
which  was  bung  a  human  seal/i,  ¥'^ 

These  articles  were  taken  from  the  parliament  house 
by  one  of  my  officers,  and  presented  to  me.  The  scalp  I 
cau-^ed  to  be  presented  to  General  Dearborn,  who  I  be- 
lieve, still  has  it  in  his  possession.  I  also  se«d,  by  the 
same  gentleman,  one  of  the  British  flags  takea  at  Ifort 
George  on  the  37th  of  Mayv        -^  -    .     v     s- 

I  have  the  honour  to  be,        ^    -* 
^  Very  respectfully.  Sir, 

.  Your  most  obt.  humble  servt. 

ISAAC  CHAUNCEY. 
Hon.. William  Jones,  Secretary  of  the  Navy,  Washing- 
ton. 

A  true  copy  from  the  original,  filed  in  the  Navy  Depart- 
ment) July  22d,  18i3. 

W.  JONES. 


liifr 


BARBARITrES  OF 
ADDENDA. 


Washington  CiTV,  July  3©. 
From  mtiam  Berry y  mida/ii/iman  in  the  frigate  C/ieia" 

.   iieake,  -■•-'" 

'  6111-19I  consider  rayseff  bound  to  laiy  before  you  what 
came  Under  my  knowledge  white  on  board  th«  Chesa- 
piefike^as  w«il  as  on  boand  the  Shannon.-      v;  "  -  * 

After  the  enemy  had  complete  possesMcIn  of  thie  ship, 
midshipman  Randolph  and  Flushman  were  ordered  from 
the  fore  and  main-top.  In  <:oming  down  the  shrow<IS)  Lt. 
Falkner(the  Briiish  offilSer)  said  to  hU  men,  kill  those 
damned  raacak.  Then,  aiul  immediately,  several  mus- 
kfitd  were  discharged  at  them,  but  without  effect.  My 
stiUlon  waa  in  the  mizen-top,  where  I  had  an  opportuuity 
of  seeing  tlieir  actions.  I  was  looking  oh  deck  when  I 
saw  one  of  the  Chesapeake's  mea  crawling  alon^v  attempt- 
lag  to  grt  below  wiili  one  of  his  legs  off*;  One  of  thtene- 
my  atefifiedufiio  him  %vi(h  his  cutlasSf  and  immediately  fiut 
an  end  to  his  existence,  Lieut.  Falkner  looked  up  in  the 
mizen-top  ;  pointed  at  me^  and  said  to  hisj^en,  go  up  ^ 
three  of  you,  an<i  throw  that  damned  Yankee^verboardir— 
They  iramediatvily  rushed  yp>  seizing  liie  by  the  collar, 
no w^  said  theyr you  damned  Yankee*  you  shall  swim  for  it, 

.  attempting  to  throw  me  overboard  ;  but  I  got  within  tiic 
rigging,  when  one  of  theto  kicked  me  in  the  breast, 
which  was  th«  camie  jof  nty  falling ;  being  stunned  by  the 
fall,  I  lay  seme  time  senseless,  antl  wAen/'c^/ne  ro,  I  was 
cut  over  the  head  withy  a  cutiaati  which  nearly  terminated 
my  existence*.  Eleven  of  our  midshiptn en  were  confined 
in  a  small  place,  nine  feet  by  six,  with  an  4)14  sail  to  lie  on, 
and  a  guard  at  the  door,  tintil/a  day  or  t  webe  fore  bu  r  ar- 
rivals Halifax  1  and  likewise  ele /en  of  us  upon  five  ra- 
tions, and  some  days  only  one  meaU^  Our  clothes  were 
taken  on  board  of  the  Shannon  j  lieutenant  Wallis,  the 

Wcomtnanding  officer  on  board,  would  not  let  us  take  our 
clothes  below  with  us,  but  pledged  his  word  and  honor  as  an 
officer,  we  should  receive  our  clothes.  But  we  discovered 
next  morning  that  their  midshifimen  had  t»  our  clothes, 
and  side  arms.  We  were  conversing  together  respecting 
our  clothes----one  of  their  midshipmen  overheard  our  con- 


THE  ENEMY. 


155 


fersaiioD)  ami  made  a  report  to  the  lieutenant  command- 
ing. He  then  sent  word  to  us>  that  if  we  said  any  thini? 
mgrc  about  the  clothes,  he  would  put  us  in  the  fore-hold 
with  the  men.  We  expected  to  receive  our  clothes,  wheh 
we  arrived  in  port,  but  1  assure  you,  sir,  nothing,  was  ever 
restored.  Other  rascally  things  occurred^  which  our  offi- 
cers will,  when  they  return,  make  known  to  the  ptiblick, 
disgraceful  to  a  civilized  nation*  If  your  request  could  have 
been  made  sooner^!  should  hare  felt  g^ratlfied  in  making  a 
fuller  statement. 

I  haye^tl^e  honour  to  be,  with  the  highest  respect, 

WILLIAM  BERRY. 
ilion,  i«  Condit^  TVdalUngton, 

Another  circumstance  took  place  on,  board,  which  en- 
tirely escaped  my  memoiy  until  this  moment.  Several  of 
the  ofRcers  had  money  taken  from  them  which  they  re- 
ceived fiom  the  Chesapeake  as  prise  money.  Mr.  Hig- 
iubotham,  as  nearly  as  i  can.  recollect,  had  upwards  of  130 
ds>llarai.  , 


^^  CiRoiiGBTowN,  July  SO,  1813. 

Si«-4?Having  perused^  letter  of  yours  to  Berry,  rc- 

qucstinginformation  respecting  the  treatment  of  the  Amer- 
:  ican  officers  an^seamen  of  the  late  Chesapeake.  I  consid- 
.er  myself  bound,  sir,  to  lay  betbi*c.  you  what  came  under 
my  knowledge.  My  having  been  wounded  and  remain- 
ing on  board  the  Chesapeake,  might  not  give  me  that  scope 
for  observation  wWch  others  possessed  ;  but  I  am  sorry  to 
say  many  things  trmsfiiredf  disgraceful  to  the  character  qf 
a  brave  €7wmy.  .Whilst  undressing  myself  in  the  steer- 
age, after  the  Americans  were  delivered  below  or  had  sur- 
rendered, and  after  resistance  had  ceastd,  I  believe  entire- 
ly, several  muskets  and  pistols  were  at  once  pointed 
down  the  hatchway,  and  discharged  in  the  direction  of  the 
cockpit  i  and  as  the  steerage  and  cockpit  were  filled 
with  wounded,  in  all  probability  some  of  them  wnre  iSlled 
outright,  it  was  midshipman  Hopewell,  and  not  Livings- 
ton, vv  ho  was  so  iuliumaniy  treated,  as  described  in  the 
publick  prints.  It  has  been  the  custom  in  our  navy  to  take 
the.side  arms  of  officers  (prisoners)  but  to  restore  them 


lu 


BARBARITIES  or 


on  tiieir  ieaving  the  ship.  Ours  were  ta1t«W,  worn,  and 
never  restored,  together  with  what  nautical  instruments 
they  could  lay  their  hands  on.  When  cpoken  to  by  the 
American  oflicers  on  the  subject,  the  answer  was,  such 
things  were  free  plunder ,  A  day  or  two  after  the  actioni 
I  was  conversing  with  Lieutenant  Budd  and  Mr.  Nichols, 
near  the  taffel,  respecting;  the'  engagement,  when  it  was 
observed  some  of  the  Shannon's  men  were  listening  to  our 
conversation.  Immediately  after,  lieutenant  lalkner,  the 
commanding  officer,  ordered  centinels  to  be  placed  at  the 
xnizen  mast.  And,  said  he  to  them,  if  you  see  any  of  the 
Chesapeake's  officers  abaft  the  mizen-mast,  cut  them 
down  ;  if  you  sec  them  conversing  together,  cut  them 
down  without  hesitation. 

It  will  be  remembered  the  three  officers  who  caused  this 
order  were  9^1  severely  wounded*  We  received  no  cau- 
tion and  overheard  it  by  accident.  So  great  was  the  rage 
for  plunder,  that  Captain  Lawrence  before  his  death, 
could  not  obtain  a  bottle  of  wine  from  his  private  sea 
stores,  without  a  note  from  the  doctor  to  the  lieutenant  com- 
manding. 1  pass  over  the  robbing  of  the  midshipmen  on 
board  the  Shannon,  as  it  did  not  come  under  my  immedi- 
ate notice.  If  your  request  could  have  been  made  earli- 
er, 1  should  have  felt  gratified  in  making  a  fuller  state- 
ment. 

Yours  respectfully,  ., 

Wm.  A.  WEAVER. 

Hon,  Lewis  Condit,  Washington, 


His  Majesty*a  Shifi  San  Domingo^ 

Chesapeake,  May  \Oth,  1813. 
Sir, — 

I  have  to  acknowledge  the  receipt  of  your  letter  ©f 
the  pth  instant,  respecting  a  man  named  O'Neale,  taken 
by  the  detachment  from  the  squadron  under  the  orders 
of  rear  Admiral  Cockburn.  This  man  has  been  released 
Upon  the  applicatiouof  the  magistrates  of  Havre  dc  Grace, 
on  parole* 


THE  ENEMY. 


157 


■f~ 


I  wai  not  informed  of  thii  man  beilijt  an  Irishman}  or 
iiQ.wouldlsertainly  ttave  been  detained. M)  account  't<i  his 
fiovei^ign  and'CpuritTy,  for  being  in  arms  against  the  Brh- 

^   I  lMi5?He  the  honour  loMv^ir,  ^ 

Your  most  obedient  humble  servant* 
JOHN  BORLASE  WARBEN. 

Urlt^^  Gnu  JUiiler^  comfnandinff  the  United  States  /ore et) 


»'  ,.- 


n 


O 


SUPPLEMENTARY. 


Important  Documents. 

The  subjoined  documents  were  found  among'Gen.  Proc- 
tor's papers,  takfn  at  the  battle  of  the  Thanifs  ;  We 
give  tnenv-a  place  in  tfic  present  voliMiie  under  a  con- 
viction that  every  Americur.  into  livhose  hands  it  may 
fall  will  view  it  (as  we  do)  as  a  record  worth  preserv- 
ing, and  that  they  will  be  perused  with  no  sinall  degree 
of  interest. 

Co/iy  of  a  letter  from  Sir  George  Prevost,  io' Commodore 
— """^  Sir  Jamea  Li^caa  Yeo,  ,    / 


•J 


bin, 


Head  Quarters*  Kingston,  > 
19th .  Scptem|)cr,  ,l£f  13.  5 


*  '< 


The  centre  divison  of  the  ♦Upper  Canada  army  is  placed 
in  a  situation  very  critical,  and  one  novel  in  the  system  of 
war  ;  that  of  investing  a  force  vastly  superior  in  numbers, 
within  a  strongly  intrenched  ppsition.  It  vyas  adopted  and 
has  been  maintained  from  a  confident  expectation,  tlut 
v.ith  the  cooperation  jfthe  squadron  under  your  com- 
mand, a  combined  attack  ere  this,could  have  been  effected  on 
the  enemy,  at  Fort  George,  with  every  prospect  of  success. 
To  the  local  disadvantages  of  the  positions  occupied  by  our 
urn.y,  have  i^mppily  been  added  disease  tUli  desertion  to 
a  degree,  cal|pg  tor  ijfcmedftte  remedy.  You  arc,  there- 
fore, rcquwpcMo  proceed  iiith  the  fleet  under  your  com- 
mcmd  with  the  least  possiSe  delay,  to  the  head  of  the  lake, 
affording  sufficient  convoy  to  the  small  vessels  containing 
those  sloieb  and  supplies  of  which  the  army  is  in  the  rpost 
pressing  want.  Upon  your  arrival  near  the  head  quarters 
of  the  centre  division,  you  will  consult  with  major-general 
De  Rottenburg,  who  wjll  unite  in  his  person,  the  civil  and 
military  comnuaid  in  Upper  Canada,  upon  my  witialraw- 
ing  from  the  province,  or  upon  the  eligibility  of  a  comhm- 
ed  attack,  for  ihe  purpose  of  dislodging  the  enemy  from 


THE  ENEMY,  ,jg 

laife°aimr  "u  l°1  °"'^-"  ^^  '  ™P'<*  <"°^'"'''>  movement 
U^yy  oZVr^rJ^^"^."^  m  battery  at  the  same  time,  the 
Thl/-?  .  I,  *'  T""""  ""''  howitzers  now  embarked  — 
s«IV"  L"?","  «"  •"'iP°i"=''  ''>'  "•"  countenance  of  your 
T^^Zanat  '/"'""^t"^^  "'""'»  "*  »"=  "'">ed  with  . 
tcmM  annl  .  ""'f  f^voumble  to  it.  Should  this  at- 
tempt  appearto  you  to  be  altend.:d  with  too  Rrcal  hazard 
to  the  squadron,  under  the  passible  circumLncc  o^he 

tS^T"'"'^  ""•"•*  ''•'"'  y"*"^"'  '"  "•"•HBedis! 
bu,^  U„  t^M^L""",™"".'"  '°  '""Jo'-general  De  Hotten- 
bmg,  who  will  immediately  upon  ascertaining  your  inabil- 

ity  to  assist  h.m,  take  measures  forevacuating  the  posittn  ho 
Im  ^W  "'','"•  ^"  '""=  ^''^^'"'""  of  «hich  movanen.  you 
w    ,  Vi.     ITT  """^  "'PP°''  ^"''  "-^^s'^nce  consistct 

Ter  ll  .''n  ''''""'  "'"*'*  '  "'"'  """^'"S  Perfoimcd  this 
service,  jou  will  pursue  such  measures,  as  shall  apDcar 
most  probable  speedily  to  ensure  the  acciu.siiion  ol  tl  e  ua- 
vai  asceadancy. 

.hZZulX^j'^^'^l  acquainted  with  the  decided  line  of  cca- 
cluct  which  I  wuh  to  be  observed  on  Lake  Eric,  by  captain 
I^urclay,  and  you  will  not  fail  to  impress  on  that  oiLer  the 
absolute  necesshy  of  regaining  the  naval  supeiiority,  and 
to  preserve  uninterrupted  the  intercourse  between  Am- 
berstburg^and  Long  Point,  in  order  that  the  supplies  and 
stores  in  depot  at  the  latter  place,  and  at  ^le  head  of  the 
Uke,  may  be  transported  in  safety  to  the  right  diviaon. 

1  he  liotiUa  of  transports  on  Lake  Or.tano  are  to  be  kept 
employed,  an  long  as  the  season  will  admit,  in  the  convcv- 

Kwln  PT^^^»°",^^n^  «li^er  supplies  collected  at 
King.ston,  and  destined  for  the  right,  and  centre  divisions 
ot  the  army,  and  they  are  to  receive  from  your  force  the 
necessary  protection.  /  v.c   uic 

X  have  the  honour  to  be,  sir,  your  most  obed't.  serv't. 
(J^igned)  GEORGE  PiiEVOST. 

rr.^    c-     T    r     ,r  Commander  of  th«  forces. 

Com.  Sir  J.  L.  Yco.     . 

In  the  name  of  the  Indian  Chiefs,  and  Warriors,  to  Major 
General  PROCTOR,  a,  Rretireaentative  of  their  Great 
J^  at  her  the  King, 

Father,  listen  to  your  children  y^You  see  them  now  all 


160 


BARB ARrriRS  OF 


before  ydw;^  Tbc  war  before  tbisij  o«ir^JBiiUish  &tlite^ 
Ih©  hatcbet  tb  his  red  cbildi^n,  ii^he ft  our  did  chiefs  wei^^^ 
aliire  ;  they  are  no4  all  dead.  In  that  #af  oisf  falliei^^as 
thrown  on  his  b(ick;  by  the  Arncficans/and  oar  father  |ook 
thein  by  the  hand»  withom  bup  knmvledigf  ;  and  we  are  a- 
fraid  that  oup  father  will  do  si^gam  at  this  iim|f 

Svirattler  beforfc  fast,  when  J  came  forward  with  tny  Tcd> 
brethren,  and  were  i*cady  to  l||:e  ujj^ljthe  hatchet  Jn  iavbup* 
of  our  Biiiish  fatiiefiwe  were  told  ndtto  be  in  a  hi^rry,  that' 
he  hadlhot  yet  deterfninfed  to  fig;ht  the  Aiflevicans, 

lAnten,     When  war  wais  dc\:lapcd,du^^  np,> 

and  gave  us  the  tonSahaw||  and  told  as  ho  was  now  ready 
to  strikd  the  Americans  ;  that  he  wanted  o^  assistat\ce.  y 
and  that  he  certainly  would  get  lis  our  lands  back,  W^icli 
the  Americans  had  takcii  from  tifis.  3   ■         , 

Listen,  You  told  us  at  that  time  to  bring  forward  our 
families  to  (hlis  place  ;  we  did  so ;  a;id  you  prbmised  to- 
take  care  of  them,  and  that  they'should  want  for 
while  the  men  would  igo  and  fi^hi  the  e fie ncf;  that  wc 
were  not  to  trouble  oui'selves  with  the  enemy's  jgarrisons  i 
that  we  knew  nothing  ^bout  them,  and  ibat  bur  father 
wculd  attend  to  that  part  of  th#  buslhess.  You  also  told 
your  red  children,  that  you  would  tskc  good  care  of  your 
garrison  here,  which  maideottr  hearts  glad. 

Listen*  When  we  last  "went  to  the  Rapids,  it  is  true  we 
gave  you  Utile  assistance  ;  it  is  hard  to  fight  people  who 
live  like  ground  hogs. 

Father,  //Wen.  Our  fleet  has  gone  out  we  know  they 
have  fought,  we  heard  the  great  guns ;  but  know  nothing  of 
what  has  happened  to  our  father  with  the  one  afin.*  Our 
ships  are  gone  one  way,  anti  vve  are  very  much  astbnibhdd 
to  6ee  our  father  tying  up  every  thing  and  preparing, to  run 
away  the  other,  without  letting  his  icd  children  know  what 
his  intentions  are. 

You  always  told  us  to  remain  here  and- taks  care  of 
our  lands.  It  made  our  hearts  glad  to  hear  that  was  your 
vish  I  i/ur  great  father  the  king  is  the  head,  and  you  re- 
pi-esent  him.    You  alyvays  toW  us  that  you  would  never 

*  Commodore  Barclay,  who  cootmMided  the  BsUiih  fiee*^  lott  |n  arm 
m  the  battle  of  Trafalgar,  -      * 


THE  ENEMY. 


I«l 


dravr  youi-^t  off  fc|?c  British  ground  ;  ^ut  now,  fathef,  we 
s^pj^oud  I'd  wing  Uack,aiyi  we  are  sorry  to  see  pur  father 
*^^^^K  so  ^'^Uhoflt  j5ceii]ig  the  one  my  *  We  must  compare 
our  farther**  condtjct  to  afe  Jmimalt  that  carries  it;|te^  up- 
on its  back  ;  but  whca  ai^^glitcd,  itdroi^it  b^  its 
legs  and  runs  offl^,;'7_       ;  .';^^  ''"''^\  ,■.*'..  /..] :  -^  :'%  '^'■'-■ 

Fathery  /k«ir<»«,;  i^ie  A^  have  not  yejt  defeated 

us  by  land,  neither  are  we  w  done  so  by 

water  ;  we  therefi?re  ;^Uh  to  remain  bei^>  and  fight  our 
enemy,  sholild  th^y  make  their  appearance.  If  they  deCeat 
U3,^we  win  then  retreat  with  our  fcither,  T 

At  the  baitie  Ibf  the  ^^Rapids,  laBt  wary  the  Americans  . 
cer^nly  defeated  us,  and  wheii  we  retreated  to  our  fath- 
>er's  f«rt,  at  that  place,  the  ^ates  were  shut  against  us  — . 
We  were  afraid  that  it  would  now  be  the  case  :  but  instead 
of  that,  we  see  our  Britiyh  father  preparing  w  march  opt 
of  his  garrison. 

•^9^^  Vou  liBive  got.th^  firnis  and  ammunition  which  " 
our  greatfatljer  sent  for  hi^  red  children.  If  you  have 
any  idea  of  going  away^  give  them  to  us  and  you  may  go 
aiid  welcQihe.  For  us,  our  lives  are  in  the  hands  of  the 
Pjeat  Spirit  J  we  are  determined  to  defend  our  lands  j  an4 
if  it  is  his  will,  we  wish  to  leaye  our  bones  upon- them. 

Aitiherslburffy  ^^, 


The  following  interesting  extract  of  a  letter,  was  written, 
by  a  captain  ot  the  British  dragoons,  (addressed  to  his 
parents  in  England)  and  found  among  general  Proctor's 
papers— and  we  are  assured  by  an  ofTjcer  in  the  army, 
that  it  was  found  with  a  dr<j;tt»  sf a/ .-—probably  haying 
been  entrusted  to  4  distinguished  officer  of  the  Britisli 
array,  who  fearing  it  might  contain  ibmething  concern- 
ing  his  own  conduct,  his  curiosity  led  him  to  examine  it& 
contents.  '        ' 

Mxtract  from  a  letter  written  at  Detroit^  Sefit.  26,  1819, 

**  Our  fleet  upon  the  lake,  sailed  about  ^20  days  ago  from 

our  port  into  that  ot  the  Americans,  after  a  close  action  cf 

three  hours  and  a  half,  without  one  making  their  escape  ; 

the  coRsefiuence  of  which  is  we  have  lest  uU  hopes  of  ever 


163 


BARBARITIES  OF 


renaming  the  command  of  the  lake  ;  and  our  army,  con- 
sisting of  abodt  550  regulars  and  2500  wild  Jndianv  arc 
now  upon  the  retreat  to  Thames  river,  although  contrary 
to  the  wishes  of  the  Indians  ;  whb  have  declared  they  will 
not  budge  one  inch  funher,  and  remind  us  of  our  general 
na\injv  pronc|i»edto  conquer  or  leave  their  bones  with  them ; 
as  we  are  now  completely  in  the  savages'  power,  we  are  ' 
«b|iged,in  a  great  measure^  to  act  as  they  think  proper. 
Tke  celebrated  chief  Tccumseh,  dined  with  me  lastFri-^ 
day,  and  assumed  me  his  Indians  were  determined  to  give 
battle  the  moment  the  Americans  approach.    Our  general^ 
should  he  act  contrary  to  their  wishes,  tnay  repent  his  rash^ 
opposition  ;  however  prudent  he  may  conceive  a  retreat  at 
such  an  awful  crisis.    These  savages  have  no  mercy,**-* 
The  tomahawk  and  scalping  knife  decides  immediately  the 
wretch  who  falls  in  their  hands,  and  many  dvedd  the  war 
nvhoQfi  may  spund  in  ouf  ears,  if  we  act  contrary  to  their 
ideas,  which  are  as*wild  as  themselves.     We  have  spread  a 
net  which  may  catch  us.     1  hate  these  savage  bar bariaivs* 
You  cannot  place  confidence  in  them  ;  and  without  a  force^ 
sufficient  to  keep  them  in  check,  they  are  more  plaeue 
than  profit."  ^  ^ 


. ). 


r# 


Although  the  following  article  has  no  connection  With, 
the  documents,  for  the  perpetuation  of  which  this  volHihe, 
was  put  to  press,  the  editor  thinks  is  sufficiently  interesting 
to  (he  people  of  the  United  States  to  give  it  a  place  here. 
The  introductory  paragraph,  within  brackets,  is  from  the 
pen  of  the  able  and  patnotick  editor  of  the  •»  Baltimore 
Weekly  llef^ifiter.** 

BRITISH  PARLIAMENT, 

[The  following  debate  is,  in  many  respects,  highly  inter- 
esting to  the  people  of  the  Uniied  Slates.  If  the  rep- 
resentation ot  lord  Cochrane  be  true,  how  humble  is  the 
stale  of  the  Briiish  sailor  I — If  what  Mr.  Croker  advances 

C.  apprehend  ihe  splendid  culogium  .he  was  pyssing  on 


'    THEENEMY, 

f'  •.(■''•  ^ 

?!*nt.'^"'f  1*'*''  "f^""^"'  '"^  ^^®  P^^**^^  ^^e  gave  of  the  gal. 
Joatry  Qt  thoae  they  so  easily  conqtiercd.X 

JULY,    18 1 3. -..^T ATE    OF    TllE   NAVT.     ./^^^^iPP^ 

.I,J^^fS°''''Tf '■'?*' i?P""'»»"<=e«>''  his  notice,  to  eaU 

the  Mtenuon  p£  the  house  to  the  presem  state  of  the  nav7 

He  would  not  lohgtresixiM  on  the  attention  of  the  hS' 
In  order  to  place  befor*  them  in  a  clear  and  p^Lkoou: 

h"ei;"rem?::>^f  iT"''  "^"^^  ^"^  importSubject 
hehad  embodied  them  ,n  a  resolutiw,,  which  memiers 

wouW  have  an  opportunity,  of  perusing,  and  weiRhinVwith 

^ro.  ^^whTl^th'''""^  '.^/  r"'^  of^djourn^et  a^d  tt 
cSnfl'  H>^  «o«Jd  thus  have  an  opportunity  ofas- 
J,Clf?f  «f /^""W  only  say,  that  to  the  correctness 
nfif/t-'  ^la*"  should  ,tate,  he  could™  ostS 
pledge  himself.  He  wculd  then  content  himself  wUh  read- 
ing his_^resolution,  and  should  reserve  whateverelse  ht 
might  have  to  p%r  to  the  house  till  he  he"  rd  Xther  anv 

Si.      -Th      TiT   "P""    ^^«    e^""""!  objection 
'utbn.  ?^A«  """e.'o^'l^tbep,  read  the  ^  following  tc^ 

safetlonh^ vl^""?"""  °!  ^-  """J'^'y'"  "°*"'  'he   glory  and 
salety,  of  the  country,  does  in  a  great  degree  depend  on  the 

That  during  the  late  and  present  war  with  France,  splen- 

TtBsels  o(  war,  over  a  vast  superiority  in  the  number  of 
guns  and  ,nen,  and  in  the  weight  of  metal. 

i  hat  these  victories,  gained  under  such  circumstances 
were  obtained  by  the  skill  and  intrepidity  of  the  officers 
and  by  the  energy,  zeal  and  valour  of  the  crews. 

Ampri.f  ?"""«.">«  Pf«se«  war  with  the  United  States  of 
America,  his  majesty's  naval  service  has,  in  several  instan- 

iXes!^^'"^"''  "'^^"' '"  "  *""»«••'  and  to  a  degreeful 
^oresetn  and  unexpecte*  by  this  house,  by  the  admirX. 
I  and  by  the  country  at  large.  .'unuraity, 

"  that  the  cause  of  these  lamentable  defeats  is  not  anv 
superionty  possessed  by  the  enemy,  either  in  skill  or  vaf- 


16^ 


BARBARITIES  OF 


our,  nor  the  well  known  difference  In  the  weight  of  metol, 
which  heretofore  has  bben  deemed  unimportant ;  but  aris- 
es chiefiy  from  the  decayed  and  heartless  state  ol  the 
<n'evt'sofhis  majesty's  ships  of  war;  compared  with  their 
former  cntrgy  and  zeal-T^and  compared,  on  the  other 
haRd,  with  the  freshness  and  vigour  of  the  crews  of  the  en- 
emy*     ■  ,:'  .■  ■■-■;./• 

"  That  it  is  an  indisputable  fact,  that  long  and*  unlimited 
confinement  to ^a  ship,  as  \vell  as  to  any  other  |)iirticuiar 
spot,  and  especially  when  accompanied  with  the  diet  nec- 
essarily that  of  ships  of  war,  and  a  deprivation  of  the  usual 
recreations  of  man,  seldom  fails  to  prodace  a  rapid  decay 
of  the  physical  powers— the  natural  parent,  in  such  cases, 
of  despondency  of  mind. 

«  That  the  late  and  present  War  a^ainst^rance  (includ- ' 
ii)g^  short  interval  of  peace,  in  which  the  navy  was  not 
paid  off)  have  lasted  upwards  of  twenty  years,  and  that  a 
ne V  naval  war^ftas  recently  commericed.  ' 

«  That  the  duration  of  the  term  of  service  in  his  majes- 
ty's  navy  is  absolutely  without  any  [limitatbnl  and  that 
|here  is  no  mode  provided  for  by  law,  for  the  fair  and  im- 
partial discharging  of  men  therefrom  J  and  that,  according 
to  the  present  jpractice,  decay,  disease,  incurable  wounds, 
or  death,  can  alone  procure  the  release  of  any  seaman,  of 
whatever  arc,  or  whatever  length  of  service. 

"  That  seamen  who  have  become  wholly  unfit  for  astive 
service,  are,  in  .place  of  being  discharged  and  rewarded, 
according  to  their  merits  and  their  sufferings,  transferred 
to  ships  on  hajbdhr  duty,  where  they  are  placed  vmder  offi- 
cers wholly  unacq,uainted  with  their  character  and  former 
conduct,  who  have  no  other  riicans  to  estimate  Ihem,  but 
on  the  scale  of  their  remaining  activity  and  bodily 
strength  ;  where  there  is  no  distinction  made  between  the 
former  petty  officer  and  the  common  searnan  ;  between 
youth  and  age  ;  and  when  those  worn  out  ajid  wounded 
seamen,  who  have  spent  the  best  pajrt  of  ihcir  lives,  or 
have  lost  their  heallh  in  the  servjce  of  their  country,  have 
to  perform  a  duty  more  laborious  tha*i  that  of  the  convict 
felons  in  the  dock  yards  ;  and  with  this  remarkable  dis- 
linciion,  that  the  iuoours  oi  the  latter  have  a  known  termi- 
nation. \ 


THE  ENEMY. 


165 


— '-i 


<*  Ttiat  though  the  seamen,  thas  transferred,  and  thus 
einpffoyed,  have  ai!  be6n  mv4>4cled,  they  are  permitted  to 
re-enter  ships  of  war  on  actui^l  rervice  ;  and  that  such  is 
t'ie  natiiTe  of  tins  harbour  duty,  that-many,  in  ftrder  to  es- 
cape from  it,  do  so  re-enter  ;  there  being  no  Umitaibiv  as 
to  tne  number  of  tint^s  of  their  {being  invalided,,  or  that 
of  their  re  entering,     1  >     ^  '  : 

^  "  That  to  obtain  a  discharge  from  the  navy,  l^  purchase, 
the  sum  of  eighxy  pounds  sterjingis  required  by  the  ad- 
mirultyj^which  togeUier  with  other  cxpences,  amount  to 
twenty  times  the  original  hountj,  ami  is  equal  to  all  that 
a  seaman  can  save,  with  Uie  most  rigid  economy,  during 
the  average  period  in  which  he  is  capable  of  service  j*— 
that  this  sum  is  demanded  alike  from  men  of  all  ages  knd 
of  alllengths  of  servitude  ;  irom  those  "pensioned  for 
wounds,  and  also  from  those  invalided  ifor  harbour  duty;, 
thus  converting  the  funds  of  Greenwich  and  the  reward  of 
former  services  into  a  means  of  recruiting  the  navy;  that 
such  i«  the  horrour  which  seamen  haveof  this  useless  pro*- 
longation  of  their  capivity,  that  those  who  are  able,  in  or- 
der to  escape  fi-oro  it,  actually  return  into  the  hands  of 
government  all  those  fruits  ?f  their  toil  whith  fermerly 
they  looked  to  a§  the  means  of  some  little  comfort  in  their 
old  age. 

"  That  besides  these  capital  grievances,  tending  to  per- 
petuate the  impress  service,  there  are  others  worthy  the 
serious  aitentiou  of  this  house. 

"That  the  petty  officers  and  seamen  on  board  of  hls^ 
majesty's  ships  and  vessels  of  war,  though  absent  on  for- 
cign  stations  for  many  y^ars,  rf'ceive  no  wages   until  their 
return  home ,  and  -avg  of  course  deprived  of  the  comforts  - 
which  those  wages,  paid  at  short  intervals,  Would  procure 
them;  thatt,hisis  now  more  severely  left,  owing  to  the 
recent  practice  of  postponing  declarations  of  war  until 
long  after  the  war  has  been  act  jally  begun ;  by  which 
means  the  navy  is  deprived  under  the  name  of  droits,  of 
the  first  fruits  and, greatest  proportion  of  the  prize  money 
to  which  they  have  hei-etoiore  been  entitled;  and   thus, 
iiuu  L.jr  tl»e  exami nations  of  the  courts  of  admiralty,  tho 
proportion  ofcaptures  which  at  lust  devolves  to  the  navy; 
IS  much  too  small  to  produce  those  effects  which  formerly  " 


u 
1€6 


\- 


BAUB AMITIES  OF 


were  so  beneficial  to  the  coi^tttiy  ;  that  while  their  wages 
are  withheld  frotri  them  abrof^d,  when  paid  at  home,  which 
to  prevent  descrtioit,  usiialiy  tajscs  place  on  the  day  be- 
fore they  sail  out  again,  having  no  opportunity  to  go  on 
shore,  they  are  ebtiipeUed  to  biiy  slops,  of  Jews  oa  board, 
or  receive  them  from  government  15  per  cent  higher  than 
theiracknowledgedvahie  J  aiid  being  paid  in  ban^k  notes, 
they  are^naturajly  Induced  to  exchange,  them  for  money 
current  in  other  countries,  ^nd  which  it  is  notorious  that 
they  do  at  an  enormous  loss  ;  that  the  recoverj  of  the  pay 
and  prize  money  by  th&widowsj  children,  or  relatives  tf 
Beamen,  is  rendered  as  difficult  as  possible  ;  and  finally, 
-the  regularions  with  regard  to  passing  of  the  cptaminatiuii 
requisite,  previous  to  ait  admission  to  the  benefits  of 
Green  wich  hospital,  subject  the  disabled  seamen  to  sq  ma- 
ny difRcuUief^^and  ttv  i  Jch  longide^.ays,  that  in  numerous 
cases,  he  is  compelled  to  beg  his  way  in  the  pursuit  of  a 
boon)  the  amount  of  which,  even  in  event  of  the  loss  of 
both  eyes,  or  of  both  arms,  docs  not  equal  that  of  the  com- 
mon board  wages  of  a  footman.        V "  ^     *  .   V 

That  one  of  the  best  and  strongest  motives  to  meritori- 
ous conduct-in  military  and  naval  men,  is  the  prospect  of 
prpmotioiiav  while  iiuch  promotion  is>  at  thesame  time,  free 
of  addiiion-al  expence  to  the  nation  ;  but  that  to  the  British 
naval  service,  this  powerful  ahd  honourajjlp  incitement  has 
ceased  ta  exist,  seeing  that  the  meaus  of  rfe warding  merit 
has  been  almost  wholly  \yithdrawn  from  naval  commanders 
in  chiefrunder  whose  inspection  services  are  performcci ; 
in  fact  it  is  a  matter  of  sudvperfcct  notoriety^  that  it  has 
become  next  tp  impossible  fox  a ,  meritorious  subordinate 
petty  officer  or, seaman  to  rise  to  the  rank  of  lieutenant ; 
that  in  scarcely  any  instance  prt)mouon  or  employment  is 
now  to  be  obtained  in  the  navy,  through  my  dther  means 
than  wh-it  is  called  parliamentary Interest— that  is,  the  cor- 
rupt infiacnce  of  boroughs.  . 

"That  owing  to  the,,-  causes,  chiefly,  thtcrnvys  of  his 
majesty's  ships  of  war  have,  in  general,  be^c  i<c  in  a  very 
tonaldetabie  degr:;e  worn  out  and  disheartened ,  uid  inad- 
equate to  the  performance,  with  their  wonted  cr  ti'gy  and 
effect,  of  those  arduous  duties  which  belong  to  tr»«  naval 
service  ;  and  that  hence  has  arij.en  by  slow  and  i».  ^^ercept- 


THE  ENEMY.;  ley 

ible  degrees,  the  cnonnousaugincntat'on  of  our  ships  and 
men,  while  the  naval  force  of  our  enemies  Is  uctuariy  much 
less  than  in  former  years.    - 

«  That,  as  a  remedy  for  this  alarming  national  evil,  it  is 
absolutely  necessaiy  that  the  grievances  of  the  navy,  some 
of  which  onl  y  have  been  recited  above,  should  be  redress- 
ed ;  that  a  limitation  of  the  duration  of  service  should  be 
adopted^  accompanied  with  the  certainty  of  a  suitable  re- 
ward, not  subject  to  any  of  the  itfTects  of  partiality,  and  that 
measures  should  be  taken  to  cause  the  comfortable  situf 
tions  in  the  ordinary  of  the  dock  yard-^-the  places  <if  port- 
ers, messengers,  &c.  &c.  in  and  about  the  offices  belonging 
to  the  sea  service,the  under  wardens  of  the  naval  forests, 
&c.— to  be  l|6&towed  on  meritorious  decayed  petty  officers 
and  seamen,  instead  of  being,  as  they  now  generally  are, 
the  wages  of  corruption,  in  borough  elections. 
♦  *^  That  thisiiouse,  convinced  that  a  decrease  of  energy 
I  of  character  cannot  be  compensated  by  an  augmentation  of 
the  number  of  ships,  guns  and  men,  which  is,  at  the  same 
time,  a  grievous  pecuniary  burden  to  the  country,  vdM,  at 
an  early  period  of  next  session,  institute  anenquiry  by  jpe- 
cial  commiltee,  or  otherwise,  into  the  matters  above  stated, 
and  partici|^rly  with  a  view  to  dispensing  suitable  rewards 
to  seamen  ;  that  they  will  inve^i^ate  the  state  of  the  fund 
at  Greenwich  hospital,  and  ascertain  whether  it  is  necessa- 
ry to  apply  the  droits  of  the  admiralty,  and  droits  of  the 
crown,  as  the  natural  first  means  of  compensation  to  those 
who  have  acquired  them  by  their  valour,  their  privations 
and  their  sufferings."         ' 

Sir  FrarfcisBurdctt  seconded  the  resolution. 

Mr.  Croker  said,  he  should  think  himself  wanting  in  du- 
ty  tb  the  house,  if  he  did  not  at  once  assure  them,  that  ex- 
cept the  very  opening  of  the  resolution  which  had  just  been 
read  from  the  chair,  there  was  not  one  statement  which 
was  not  unfounded  in  fact,  or  exaggerated  in  the  highest 
degree,  (Ilear^  hear.)— He  had  only  to  lament  that 
the  noble  lord  had  not  brought  forward  this  subject  at  an 
earlier  period  of  the  session,  so  that  his  statements  might 
have  been  refuted  iri  a  manser  mnrc  decided  a-h""-- 
perhaps  not  more  satisfactorily  than  they  would  "be" orj . 
the  present  oocasibn.    He  was  surprised  that^  the  noble 


468 


BARBARITIES  OF 


lord  should  bftve  vetvtured  to  submit  to  the  housed  re«Q^ 
lutlon  beanug  such  evident  mi^rks^of  its  own  hlsehopd 
1—^  resoltuion  so  replete  as  *  it  is  •with  the  most  unfound- 
ed calumny,  md  Avith  such  ^distortion  of  fucts— who  but 
the  noble  lord  w6U]d  have  ever  dreamed  of  such  an  insin- 
ation  as  that  tlie<  late  vic^oiies  gained  by  the  American 
navy  over  the  British  flag  had  been  attributable,  not  to 
the  ineqiialhyof-force,  but  to  the  misconduct  and  pusil- 
lanimity of  our   8&rior».    fHcar,'  Hear.)     Wh>t  I    he 
>vould  ask,  was  the  crew  of  the  Java   dl^pinted   when 
she  was  taken  ?     (Mear^    When  the  Macedonian  was  ta- 
^ken,  "was  her  crew  sunk  iA  apathy  and  broken  hearted  ? 
'^(Hear,  hear  )     So  far  from  this  being  the  case,  bo;  t^\4 
state  from  his  owii  knowledge,  that  .An  the  lattir  part  of 
the  actions  in  which  these  vessels  were  engaged,  and  in 
which  they  fought  with  so  muchhonour  to  themselves,  and 
so  much  glory  to  the  British  njime,  when  almost  all  hopes 
ha*d  failed,  the\t  spirit  and  valour  still  romaihed  unsubdu- 
ed ;a^Jn6tcad,  as  the  hdsle  lord  would  haye  the  house  to 
believe,  of  sinking  amidst  the  weight  of  their  misfortuues, 
they  Hhcered  each  othcrj  with  reiterated  sbouts  of  en- 
couragement ;  and  those  cheers  invariably  cofimenced) 
amongst  the  wounded  in  the  cockpit  1  Did  this,  w  wodld 
demand  of  the  noble  lord,  shew  any  thing  likie  a^circw 
disheaTiened  ?  Did  this  shew  a  British  «aiior.  to  be  aught 
but  what  he  had  ever  proved  himself  to  be  ?  Did  tbig 
tend  to  tarnish  or  to  d ini  ini sh  the  Iu3tr4  which  had  e ver 
attended  the  career  of  the  British  navy.     (Hear,  Hear.) 
With  these  facts  befoi'^  the  house  and  the  country,  was 
he  not  authorized  to  call  upon  the  noble  lord  to  state,  how 
he  could  presume  to  ask  the  house  to  vote  for  his  resolu- 
tion ?  Another  fact  he.  could  state,  which  he  supposed  the 
noble  lord  would  constrtie  into  a  new  proof  of  the  apathet- 
ical    and  disheartened    state    of  our   sailors.     That   to 
which  he  alluded,  was  the  conduct  of  Joha  Humble,  the 
boatswain  of  the  Java,  who  it  Would  be  seen  on  his  ex- 
amination before  a  court  inariial,  amongst  other  facts, 
statedf  that  having  had  his  arm  carried  away,  be  went 
below  to  the  surgeon,  and,  having  had  the  stump  *'  put  to 
nghts,"  as  he  teriueu  it,  by  Jiaving  th«  touFiiiquet  appit^ 
to  it,  returned  to  the  deck  and  cheered  the  boarders  with 


THE  ENEMY.  i69 

Ws  pipe.    (Hear,  hear.)    Was  this  a  proof  of  any  dimi- 
~oWt  rtV"'"";'  °'°f»f»"i"goffin  the  ch'ara^er 

btarn'^^ ml  L  .K  ^°  HIT'.  ""■'  "'''°>  "■»"  "belled  aiid 
hlown  upon  by  the  noble  lord,  had  stood  above  the  most 

disunt  imputation  of  misconduct  ?  In  the  f  rae  degre"  as 
so  w^as'  H  .h""  '•«°'"'j°n°fl''e  noble  lord  was  infon^ct 
lo/  h^ni  ,"  "■""•,  .^'"^  '"P"'  t°  'he  fact  stated,  of 
f.^1  .t^  demanded  for  the  discharge  of  every  seaman 
llTu  t'  "VJ'  ""'"'"S  eould  be  mort  unfounded  The 
h«  hT,^  •""  *r  P°""?'  "'^'"'y  ^^"  demanded  for 
^,J  tr^"  °f  ""  f'''"'  ""-""n  '  but  in  proportioa 
so  did  ty  '"''  -usefulness  of  the  man  diminished, 
sLc«    .n    'T  '■''""f^^  *''■  ''"  discharge.    For   In- 

man  but  r.,/  '''"!J'';/t'""*"  ^"^^  ''"'  ^O/.^and  a  land 
man  but  401. ;  and  if  these  men  became  invalided,  and 

^tnbhed^  "^^'I'f^  '"J"''!^'"-  •'"'y-  "^'  demand  was  Si- 
i  i«t.  ?h  ^"^^-  ^""^  fS*'"' ."''"«  'bey  were  unfit 
iv.  service,  they  were  not  alone  discharged  withouLfee. 
but  received  a  pension  for  the  remainde?of  theX^fll 
(Hear!)  If  the  sailors  in  his  majesty's  service  Were  not 

Uiat  day  attempted  to  throw  on  their  character  and  honour. 

m^nS^T"'  '"  "?""  ^"^  "•'i"'-  ''""l  'be  noble  Jd 
fi!^^i!^  .^  '"  "*•";'*  authority  over  them  as  he  did  in 
tormer  times— a  circumstance  which,  happilv,  there  was 

XorrlmioS'"  ffl'  •7^"°""'  '^'^  b^d  ^alke?  a^^^. 
obtaSfh  '"'•'''"*/■"**'''''  promotions  could  only  be 
fluence    "^^  ""==**  »fcorrupUon  and  parliamentary  in- 

f,^rfh;  .ff  Z?"  "'*."'* ,""'''"'  '°'^'  »•■  bis  promotion 
the  red  nbbon  which  was  given  to  him,  for  the  first  time 

ence"  m  *"'.  ™,v''''!  effect  of  parliamentary  iX- 
ence  ?-(Hear,  hear  !)     And  was  the  promotion  of  man* 

detert";1°™  '•'  '""i^  •''^'".^'  '^''  «'°"'''  "o'  be  in Ze 
ihyciH^'u""  '°  '  »""buted  to  such  an  unwor- 
talk  fnC  ',  T  «f  X'  bowev.er,  for  the  noble  lord  to 
talkw  generals,  but  let  him  name  who  had  received  the 

hefr  n    Tr.-PKr^  ^  "'^   "'"'  S'^«»  'bem.     (Hear! 

rn„hr'l''rP™'^'°.'7.'=°'"'"'="'''  "P°«  'be  resofutiW 
the  noble  lord,  <^ncluded  by  expressing  a  hope  that  if  the 


m 


BARBAHITIES  OF 


noble  lord  dared  to  press  it  to  a  divistoiii  that  the  h&^Mm 
would  leave  himc  in  such  a  uninoritjr  as  would  prove  t\^ 
inclignaiion  with  which  it  was  re<;arded  by  tli«  house. 

Mr.  I>6ckha:t  entreated  the  noble  lord  to  withdraw  a 
resolution  inconsistent  with  the  character  which  his  lord- 
ship  had  always  borne r  '  ostile    to    cvei7  feeling 

which  the  house  had  v  laiDsd  towards  the  British 

.uavyl 

Sir  F.  Burdett  thought  thert  was  sufTicient  reason 
stated  by  the  noble  lord  for  an  enquiry,  and  the  very 
doubts  which  were  urged  by  the  ri^ht  Ko»^ourable  gentle* 
'man  (Mr.-  Croker)  proved  to  him  .aost  strongly  the  neces- 
sity of  that  enquiry.  He  would  agree  that  the  period  of 
the  sesbion  at  which  the  matter  had  been  breught  forw  ird 
-was  too  advanced,  yet  if  the  resolution  was  r^ected  r  jw, 
l\e  hoped  the  noble  lard  would  renew  the  subject  at  an 
-earlyv  pirt  of  the  ensuing  session.  He  would  not,  how- 
je#er|  advise  tfce  noble  lord  to  withdraw  his  resolution  after 
4:ejillMii|term  which  it  had  been  stigmatized  by  the  right 
Sonou^^e  gentleman  (Mr.' Croker  ) 

Mr., Rose  in  the  fullest  fanner  deniqd  all  that  had  been 
Advanced  by  the  noble  lor4>  wiCh  respect  either  to  the  clif- 
;ficulty  of  sailors  receiving  their  pay  ©r  the  prize  money. 

Mr*  Calunift,  in  terms  of  great  animation,  compliment- 
;ed  Mr.  Croker,  on.  tl^^e  speech  which  he  had  made,  anid 
observed,  that  the, Resolution  of  the  noble  lord  was  calcu- 
lated to  do  mo^e  .mischiefin  the  Bri^sh  navy,  than  any 
-other  plan  which  could  be:4evlsed.  The  honourable  gen- 
.tlemau  then  defended  the  ,<:haracter  of  the  B-ritish  sailors 
with  becoming  zeal  and  energj^,  and  concluded  by  ex- 
'pressing  a' hope,  that  t^e  rewjlution  would  meet  in  that 
libuse  the  fatie  it  so  eminently  deserved. 

Mr.  Wrottesley  bote  tte§imony  to. the  factility  in  the  na- 
Val  publick  officers. 

Mr,  Siainforth  opposed  the  resolution. 

Lord  Cochrane  replied.     He  said  he  was  not  displeas- 
^edatfhe   warmth  with 'which  his  proposition  l(iad  been 
met.     Ic  certainly  would  be  injurious  to  no  one,  except 
?fo  the  feelings  of  certain  members  of  that  house,     Tlje 
right  honourabie  seciotary  aacl  met  his  siaitj iii cuts  vvith  in- 
dividual instances  of  gpallantry.     Xhe  existcoce  qf  theic 


i 


THE  ENEMY. 


in 


did  not  deny  ;  but 


i  asserted,  that  the  physical  now- 
^rs  of  our  seanffen  were  decreasing,  partly  from  the  .ys- 
tcir  oi  harbour  duty  established  in  lff03.     lie  had  heard 
that  the  system  was  about  to  be  changed  ;  andV  should 
be  happy  to  hear  from  the  right  honourable  secretary  that 
such  was  the  fact.     The  right  honouruble  secretary  had 
challengred  him  to  show  an  instance  of  an  officer  havinc 
purchased  his  discharge  from    the  service.     He  would 
name  a  Mr.  Foi-d,  who  had  served  with  him  in  the  Im- 
perieuse,  who  bad  done  so  ;  and  Nelson,  hh  cockswain 
of  that  vessel,  had  been  placed  in  harbour  service   apd 
had  roturne     to  him  r  and  another  person  of  the  name 
oi  l-arlcy   or  tho    Leda,  had  three  times  Ic*ft  that    dc- 
grading  service,  and    had  earh   time  rcinrned  to    him, 
MKl  (lied  with  him,  completely  uorn  out  in  the  servicv^. 
These  were  facts  which   he    was  picparetl    to  prove  at 
the  bar,  as    he  was  tdi   those   wi,ich  had    been    dcivied 
with  so  much  warmth  by  the  right  honourable  ^joi^ry. 
loshow  further  that  the  crew.fl  of  British  shipWjf  war 
were  unequal  to  themselves  heretofore,  he  woufd  relate 
wharwas  ihe^  opinion  of  a  person  not  at  all  likely  to  be 
disaffected  to  the  order  of  things—he  was  tlien  son  of  u 
bishop;  he  had  taken   an   American  privateer,  the  crew 
ot  whi-ch  consisted  of  only  130  men,  and  he  had  declared, 
that  he  would  rather  have  them  than  his  own  crew,  con- 
sibling  of  24«.     If  the  right  honourubie  jiccretary  doubted 
this  lact,  he  might  enquiie,  and  he  would  eab  ly  verify  it-^ 
1  he  noble  lord  had  heard  that  the  sailors  tukca  pnsonerr. 
by  the  Americans,  had  been  for.nd   running  aNvuy  in  the 
back  setilesftCRts  ;  that  foriy  ci  them  iiud 'been  brought 
back  by  force,  and  that  from  the  manifcsiuiicn  of  this  pro- 
pensity,  the  exeh  oge  of  prisoners    liad  been  broLcn  off. 
1  he  lateness  of  the  period  at  uhich  he  had  broui,^ht  lor- 
ward  his  ^resolution  had  been  complained  of.    m  di'd  in- 
tend to  bring  in  a  bill  to  limit  the  term  of&ervicej  but  cir- 
cumstances bad  prevented  him  ;  but  he  would  cany  his 
mtention  into  effect  in  the  next  session.     With  respect  to 
parliamentary  inauence,  the  ri^rht  honourable  secretai  v 
iiau  asked,  whether  he  had  found  it  of  service  to  himself" 
ission  "  " 


profei 


He  certainly  had  not,  because  he  hud 


M 


never  prosiimted  his  vote  loj- that  purpose— but  he  had 


ira 


BARBARITIES  OF 


no  doubt  oihtrs  had  found  that  influence  of  great  availi 
When  he  a^^ain  broupht  fonvard  the  subject,  he  should 
prove  all  th^  facts  he  had  adduced,  and  he  hoped  so  much 
Ignorance ^f  the  subject  would  notthea  be  found  to  pr©. 

vail.        '  '  •   .  .  i'f?^.'' 

Mr.  Crokcr  replied  to  the  questions  put  by  lord  Coch- 
rane, that  the  government  'had  at  all  times  been  very 
watchful  over  the  harbour  duty,  but  that  It  had  not  tuken 
Rny  new  steps  since  the  suggestions  of  the  noble  lord.— 
He  had  never  heard  that  the  sailors  taken  prisoners  by  the 
Americans,  had  been  lound  running  away  to  the  back  stt* 
tiements  ;  nor  of  the  forty  men  being  brought  back  by 
force.  The  exchange  of  prisoners  was  broken  off,  in  con* 
tequence  of  some  wrong  done  to  the  British  seamen,  and 
not  in  consequence  of  any  fault  of  theirs. 
.  The  resolution  was  then  negatived  without  a  divisiont 

IS 


'■dk 


f 


HE  MICHIGANIANS. 


J 


The  following  protest  of  the  inhabitants  of  the  Michgan 
Territory,  was  received  in  the  National  Intelligencer  of 
the  loth  of  November,  1813,  at  which  moment  the  editor 
was  about  closing  this  volume.  Its  connexion  with  the 
foregoing  documents,  entitles  it  to  a  place  in  the  same  vol- 
ume with  them.  The  editors  of  the  Intelligencer j  intro- 
duce it  into  their  paper  by  the  following  remarks  ; 
,  "  The  day  may  not  have  nrrived,  but  it  must,  ere  long, 
come,  when  the  American  Republick  will  be  under  a  nec- 
essity of  demanding  ;  and,  by  proper  perseverance,  of  ob- 
taining, redress  for  every  injury  done  to  her  ciiizens, 
whether  in  relation  to  their /i^rao/?*,  or  their  commercial  or 
o/Aer  property  ;  and  in  whatever  quarter  or  region  of  the 
world-com  milted. 

At  the  present  moment  the  violation  of  the  capitulation 
of  Detroit  will  claim  the  first  attention.  Ample  indemni- 
ty ought  to  be  extended  to  the  suSerei's  ;  and  if  our 
nation  cannot,  by  arms,  obtain  counter  indemnification, 
perhaps  it  ought  magnanimously  to  sustain  the  loss.     The 


THE  ENEMY. 


173 


idelity  of  <mr  citizens  is  not  a  nature  to  be  tampered  with  ; 
and,  where  tkey  are  true  to  us^  we  must  be  true  lo  them: 
We  lay  ihia  day  before  our  readers  the  protest  of  the  in- 
habitaius  of  the  Territory  of  Michigan,  in  relation  to  the 
Moiatios  of  the  rA/rt/ article  of  the  capitulation  which  igno- 
bly subjected  thv^.n  to  British  domination." 

, /.PROTEST. 

Whereas  it  has  been  signified  to   us,   the  undersigned 
citizens  of  the  United  States,  resident  at  Detroit  in  the 
Icrritory  of  Michigan,  by  colonel  Henry  Proctor,  the  Brit- 
ish commanding  officer,  that  it  is  will  and  pleasure  we 
should  depart  from  and  leave  the  said  territory  ,  and  he   so 
orders,  and  directs  it ;  leaving  behind  at  the  same  time  as 
we  necessarily  must  do,  our  dearest  relatives  exposed  to 
all  the  casualties  and  evils  incident  to  a  state  of  war,  and 
our  property  at  the  mercy  of  the  marauding  savage  :    ' 

Resolved  there/bre  :^Thixt  vro  consider  the  said   order 

of  the  saidxolonel  Henry  Proctor,  as  a  flagrant  tMd  gross 

violation  ofthe  third  article  of  the  capitulation,  made  and 

concluded  at  Detroit,  onthe  sixteenth  of  August  last,  and 

by  reason  whereof  this  place  was  surrendered  to  the  Briti. 
ish  flag. 

Resolved  indly,^Th^i  it  is  duty  we  ewe  to  ourselves 
and  to  our  countiy,  to  resist  manfully  and  spiritedly,  by  all 
the  powers  of  reason  and  argument,  everv  imwarrantable 
attempt  upon  our  personal  rights,  that  is  not  ktrictly  com- 
patible  With  the  articles  of  capitulation. 

And  whereas  we  entertain  a  very  sensible  and  thorouc-h 
conviction  that  a  military  officer,  by  an  unjustiHable  and 
wanton  invasion  of  the  private  rights  of  an  individual,  mav 
not  only  incur  the  displeasure  of  his  own  government  but 
Will  lay  himself  personally  responsible  to  the  individual  in- 
jured  : 

Resolved  there/of e  2dly  i^Th^t  (ov  every  violation  of 
our  rights  and  privileges,  attended  with  an  injury  to  our 
person  or  property,  we  will  make  a  solemn  appeal  to  the 
dernier  resort,  to  the  umpire  of  the  law. 

. —  ^  ,,„^  „^  ^.jj^^.j^^^j.  ^  j^jgj^  sense  of  the 

honour  ofa  military  parole,  and  the  virtuous  and  delicate 
use  that  ought  to  be  made  of  it ;  as  like  wise  of  the  neces- 


lU 


BARB,\RITIES  OF 


sity  and  the  propriety  of  a  strict  and  exemplary  neutrali  ^ 
so  long  as  we  remain  under  the  British  flag,  and  are  pro- 
tected in  our  persons  and  property  agreeably  to  the  true 
spirit  and  letter  of  the  articles  of  the  capitulation. 

Resolved  Sthly  ;-i.That  if  there  are  any  am||igst  us 
whose  conduct  and  behavior  docs  not  strictly  compon  with 
the  spirit  and  meaning  of  the  preceding  resolution,  they 
ought  not  to  be  screeiied  from  punishment,  but,  that  it  is 
oar  duty  to  assist  in  exposing  them  to  the  just  animadver- 
siot\  and  censure  of  their  own  improper  conduct. 

And  whereas  we  entertain  a  high  sease  of  the  manly, 
dignified,  and  spirited  conduct  of  Augustas  B.  Woodv»rard, 
Esq*  \7l>os€  services  have  heretofore  been  so  pre-eminent- 
ly uselul  to  the  inhabitants  : 

Resolved  therefore  :— 6thly,  That  h  be  presented  with 
these  resolutions  with  a  request  to  lay  them  before 
the,  said  coloiiei  Henry  proctor,  and  lo  use  all  lawful  and 
honourable  intreaty  wi.h  him  to  obtain  a  revocation  of  his 
aforesaid  order,  so  diametrically  opposite  to  the  aforesaid 
Sd  article  of  the  capitulation,  and  so  manifestly  injurious 
at  this  particular  season  of  the  year  to  cur  persons  and 
property. 

SJGAED  BY 

David  M'Clean, 


Lewis  Bond, 
William  WUson, 
Archibald  Lyon, 
Anderson  Martin, 
David  Henderson, 
Joseph  Spencer, 
George  R.  Chittenden, 
lohn  Walker, 
E.  Brush, 
Peter  Desnoyeres, 
James  Burnett, 
William  Brown, 
John  Con  sett, 
A*  Langan, 
James  Chittenden* 


,,» >-f '•■ 


T\dtt'¥>Mt      11  at 


1  ft  1  .Q 


John  Dklis^ 

Israel  Taylor, 
William  W.  Scott, 

William  Russell, 

<tames  Patterson, 

W.  Robertson, 

Conrad  Leek, 

Conrad  TenEyck, 
Robert  Smart 

Richard  H.  Jones, 
J.  M'Donnel, 
Duncan  Roid, 
George  Batizes^ 


■    a»  Jii 


-^: 


THE  ENEMY.  175 

IMPORTANT  REPORT. 


The  Secretary  of  State,  to  whom  were  referred  several 
resolutions  of  the  Senate  of  the  2d  of  February  and  9th 
of  March  last,  has  the  honour  to  submit  to  the  President 
the  following 

RERORT: 

^  Although  these  resolutions  are  of  different  dates,  and  re- 
fer, to  subjects  in  some  respects  distinct  in  their  nature,  yet 
as  they  are  connected  in  others  of  considerable  importance 
which  bear  essentially  on  the  cpnduct  of  the  parties  in  the 
present  War,  it  is  thought  proper  to  comprise  them  in  the 
same  report. 

The  first  of  these  resclutions  calls  for  the  names  of  the 
individuals  who  were  selected  from  the  American  prison- 
.ers  of  war  and  sent  to  Great  Britain  for  trial ;  their  places 
of  residence  in  the  United  States  ;  the  times  when  and  the 
courts  by  which  they  were  admitted  to  become  citizens  ; 
the  regiments  to  which  they  belong  ;  when  and  where 
they  were  taken  ;  with  copies  of  any  official  correspond- 
ence respecting  the  treatment  of  prisoners  of  war,  and  of 
any  orders  for  retaliation  on  either  side. 

The  other  resolutions  request  information  of  the  con- 
duct of  Great  Britain  towards  her  native  subjects,  taken  in 
arms  against  her,  and  of  the  general  practice  of  the  na- 
tions of  Europe,  relative  to  naturalization,  and  the  employ- 
ment in  war,  each,  of  the  subjects  of  the  other  ;  of  the  cas- 
es, with  their  circumstances,  in  which  any  civilized  nation 
has  punished  its  native  subjects  taken  in  arms  against  it, 
for  which  punishment  retaliation  was  inflicted  by  the  nation 
ia  whose  service  they  were  taken.     And  lastly — 

Under  what  circumstances  and  on  what  grounds.  Great 
Britain  has  refused,  to  discharge  native  citizens  of  '*.e  U. 
States  impressed  into  her  service  ;  and  what  has  been  her 
conduct  towards  American  seamen  on  board  her  ships  of 
war,  at  tjnd  since  the  commencement  of  the  present  war 
with  the  U.  States. 

The  paper  marked  A,  cont^ns  the  names  oj  tlie  Amer* 


: 


ire 


BARBARITIES  OF 


ican  prisoners  who  were  sent  to  England  fur  trial  by  ii^ 
Uritiah  commander  in  Canada  ;  of  the  corps  to  which  they 
belong  ;  of  the  times  when,  and  of  the  places  where  they 
vycre  taken.  Of  their  places  of  residence  in  ihp  United 
States  ;  of  the  limes  and  the  courts  in  which  ^hpy  were 
adraited  to  become  citizens,  there  is  no  evidence  in  this 
department,  nor  is  there  any  to  shew  whether  they  were 
naturalized  or  native  citizens  of  the  United  States.  This 
paper  contains  also  a  copy  of  the  orders  of  both  govern- 
ments for  retaliation,  and  of  the  correspondence  betv/een 

their,  respective  commissaries,  concerning  the  treatment 
of  prisoners^  . 

TM-'papermaj'  -  »5;  states  various  grounds  on  which 
theBruislvgove:,;m<;iithas  refused  to  deliver  up  Ameri- 
can  seamen,  impressed  into  the  British  service,  on  the  ap- 
plication  of  the  agents  of  the  United  States,  i-egularly  au- 
thonsed  to  de^^and  them,  with  the  correspondent  relat- 
ing to  the  same.  It  communicates  also,  such  mformation 
as  this  department  has  been  able  to  obtain  of  the  conduct 
ot  the  Biitish  government,  towards  American  seamen  on 
board  British  ships  of  war,  at  and  since  the  commence- 
ment  of  the  present  war.     Among  the  causes  assigned  for 

Uieir  detention,  the  following  ^re  the  moat  deservine:  of 
notice :-—  /^  ° 

1.  That  they  had  no  documents,  or  that  their  documents 
were  irregular, 

2.  That  they  wer45  released  from  prison  in  Gottenburt^* 

3.  That  they  were  exchanged  as  British  subjects. 

4.  Were  said  to  be  impostors. 

5.  To  have  married  in  England. 

6 .  Did  not  answer  the  descriptions  given  of  them  in  their 
protections.  t.. .  ».  i..  v 

7.  Had  attempted  to  desert. 

8.  Were  sent  into  the  service  for  smuggling. 

9.  Were  not  to  be  found  on  board  the  ship  Etatcd. 

10.  Had  voluntarily  entered  into  the  British  service. 

11.  Were  nativesof  foreign  countries,  Prussia,  Sweden, 
Italy,  &c.  ' 

It  is  probable  that  some  of  the  seamen  whose  discharges 


ancisd)  ittsy  n^jt  huvc  been  imtjvc  citizens  of  the 


•JE^iENEMY. 


irr 


#nited  States,  but  very  prcsur  able  that  the  greater  p-irt 
were.  Indeed  the  pretext  assigned  for  their  detentiun 
seems  to  admit  it.  Had  they  been  native  subjects  of  Eiii- 
gland,  being  there,  their  origin  might  have  been  traced.4- 
i5ut  that  is  the  ground  in  few  instances  only.  In  urging: 
that  some  had  no  protection,  or  that  their  protections  were 
irregular  ;  that  others  had  been  exchanged  as  British  pris- 
oners ;  were  impostors  ;  hud  attempted  to  desert ;  did  not 
answer  the  protections  given  them  ;  were  natives  of  Prus- 
sia, Sweden,  &c.  it  is  fairly  to  be  inferred  that  the  publick 
aulhoruy  in  England,  to  whom  this  duty  is  assigned,  sought 
lather  to  evade  this  application,  thaa  to  justify  the  refusal, 
rhe  pretext  that  some  were  natives  of  Prussia,  Sweden, 
&c.  deserves  particular  attention.  On  this  circumstance, 
the  Secretary  will  remark  only,  that  in  (  ending  impress- 
ment, m  American  vessels,  to  persons  who  could  not  be 
inistaken  for  British  subjects,  and  refusing  to  surrender 
them,  on  application,  to  the  voluntary  service  from  which 
they  wore  taken,  it  is  evident  that  the  recovery  of  British 
seamen,  has  not  been  the  sole  object  of  the  practice. 

By  the  repoit  of  the  American  commissary  of  prison^ 
ers  in  England,  it  appears  that  a  considerable  number  of 
our  seamen  had  been  transferred  from  British  ships  of  war, 
to  prisons  ;  that  their  exchange  for  British  seamen  taken  in 
battle  was  demanded,  in  the  first  instance,  but  that  that  claim 
seems  to  have  been  since  waved.  It  might  have  been  ex- 
pected that  the  British  government,  on  biing  satisfied  that 
these  men,  or  that  any  of  them,  w^re  American  citizens, 
^ould  have  liberated  and  sent  tnem  home,  at  its  own 
charge.  They  are,  however,  still  held  prisoners  in  con- 
hncment.  That  many  of  them,  if  not  all,  are  native  citi- 
zens, cannot  be  doubted,  for  had  the  proof  been  irresistible. 
It  cannot  be  'presumed,  while  so  many  others  are  detained 
on  board  British  ships  of  war,  that  these  would  have  been 
exempted  from  that  service.  That  many  arc  still  detained 
on  board  British  ships  of  war  may  be  fairly  inferred,  even 
without  other  evidence,  from  the  indiscriminate  manner  of 
British  impressment ;  from  the  distant  service  in  which 
the  men  thus  impressed,  are  often  necessa»^Iv  *»mnlnvP£i 
depriving  their  friends  of  an  opportunity  to  communicate* 
With  them  ;  ^d  from  the  inconsiderable  nember  discharge 


i'<i 


3ii 


I 

tr 


irtf 


BARBARITIKS  OF 


cd,  i^ompared  with  tliat  wfiich  has  been  demanded.  Wit«i 
Celt  relying  alto.e^ethcr  on  the  reports  heretofore  made  to 
Co^i^ress  by  this  department,  the  letter  of  commodore 
Kodgers,  hereunto  annexed,  affords  data  from  which  an  es- 
iitnate  may  be  formed.  On  this  point  the  correspondence 
between  general  Taylor  and  theeaptain  of  the  British  ship 
the  Dragon,  and  commodore  Decatur  and  the  commander 
Cupel,  deserve  also  particular  attention.  If  the  British  gov- 
ernment would  order  a  btrict  search  to  be  made,  through 
the  British  nuvy,  for  American  seamen,  it  would  then  be 
seen  how  many  of  our  native  citiiens  have  partidpated  in 
the  lot  of  the  unfortunate  men  mentioned  in  the  coirespon- 
tlencc  referred  to. 

The  contrast  w4rich  thes«  documents  present,  in  the 
pretentions  and  conduct  of  Great  Britain,  with  the  pretcn- 
sions  and  condycf  of  the  United  States,  cannot  fail  to  make 
a  deep  iwpression  in  favour  of  the  latter.  The  British 
government  impresses  into  its  navy,  native* citizens  of  the 
United  States,  and  compels  them  to  scrvrin  it?,  and  in  ma- 
ny instances  even  to  *tght  against  their  couniryi  while  it  ar- 
rests as  traitors  and  menaces  wiih  death^persons  suspected 
to  be  native  British  subjects,  for  having. fou^l^t  under  our 
standard  agaiiwt  the  Bi  itish  forces,  although  they  had  vol« 
untarily  entered  into ;o\w  army,  after  having  emigrated  to 
the  United  States,  and  Incorporated  themselves  into  the 
American  society.  The  United  States  on  the  other  hand, 
have  forced  no  perso'^^  "irto  tlmv  service,  nor  have  they 
sought,  nor  are  they  disposed  to  puniUj  any,  who,  j^ter 
having.fuirly  emigrated  to  any  part  of  the  Briiish  domin. 
ions  and  settled  the^-e^  may  have  entered  voknturily  into 
the  British  army. 

The  remaining  enquiries  relate  to  objects  other  than  the 

immediate  conduct  of  the  panics  in  the  prlsent  war. 

Tiiey  demand  information  of  the  conduct  of  Groat  Butain, 
and  of  other  powers  in  past  times,  without  limitation  in  the 
retrospect,  in  circumstauces  bearing  on  the  question  of  re- 
filiation.  The  information  required  relates  to  the  follow- 
ing points  : 

1.   The  CQTid'Tl  s^fOr'^nt  Pylfr-^'T*  ".t*..'!  *hA   -t^l-.-i* 


of  Europe,  as   to  naturalization,  and  the  cmpioymjjnt  in 
war,  eachj  of  the  subjects  of  the  other, 


.THE  ENEMY.  ;  .jyp 

■2.  As  to  the  punishmeBt  of  their  native  subiects  k,kea 
arms  agamst  them,  in  the  service  of  other  powers. 
„3.  ExampJes  ofretaJiaUon  by  the  latter  in  such  cases. 
These  enquines  necessarily  involve  an  extensive. rfc 
Km^ne"Tr  "'f-y  """i  i«™P--udenoe  of  thTSl^'risTf 
Jiui  ope.  >  or  so  unportant.a  task,  the  other  duties  of  the 
secretary  of  state,  have  altogether  dis<jualified  hto,  siaci 
doirl^.trf"-  ..TheWmaching^Iosc  ofZ  es^^ 

That  all  the  nations  of  Eur<^e  naturalize  foreigners  :  1 

«I  ^  ."•'^  "'i  r'"'P'""' '"  their  se.-yjee  the  subjects  if 
each  other,  a»d  frequently  against  their  native  coun  rie* 
ev«»  when  not  regula.ly  naturalized  j  '^'^^^me^ 

.eii'ltrs";""" "^''"'^"  """j-''  *«e»igrate  to  for.^ 

That  although  examples  maybe  found  df  the  uun'sh-  ' 
.  ment  of  the.r  native  subjeccs  taken  in  arms  aeabst^^± 
the  samples  are  fexv,  and  have  either  been  marked  bv 

nolfcvof^t'n  '^""S  .P>-°e«?dtd  from  the  passions  er 
policy  of  the  occasion.  Even  in  prosecutions  wd  convic. 
t.ons,  having  the  fetter  origin,  th^  final  act™  punish^entl 
has,  ,vah  Jitti,«xc,p,lon,  been  presented  by  aTLTe  of 
S it  belltdZf '  °-""'*'"'  °f ''<^'^'«ion!  u7"confi. 
alWed  nurrl  J  ^f  ,T"'''^'=''  *=""  ""=  ''""'"i"  »''ich  .the 
OThoner,'^^r!,T.°  *^  ?°*^''  »8'^'«'  'he  twenlv-three 

M^^to  LI"  ""' "''''\' '"'  '""^  "rcumstances  vvhich 
belonglotbeircase,  even  theugh  many  of  them  mav  n/f 

.l.avej,een  regularly  naturalized,  are  counteia^^edbrSie 
jprpceedingsofany  European  nation,   '""^"*""''  "^^  «» 

TMnlTZ'T.''^^TT'  °'  ^P"""'*^'".  in  the  fewcases 
requiring.it,  or  in  any  of  tliem,  by  the  eovernm»>Bt,   ..T 

ploymg  .uch  person.  •  >.be;n,^ai'pfeSXca„T; 
the  punishment  wh!h  ..ad  been  Micied  by  the  native 
coun  ry,  might  be  acrintjd  for  o     some  piincWe  oThIr 

have  incurred  the  ^epwacheftheV  o:r:^um«;ncin;ir 
knowkdsed CnJnes,o.  oEfollo-ving  the  exampShe  o^* 


\\'-.' 


m 


1-^ 


\m\ 


BARBARITIES  OF 


er  party  in  acts  of  cruelty,  eictiting  horrour,  rather  tl  ^ 
of&liiiling^  its  pledge  to  innocent  persons  in  support  of 
rii^hts  fairly  obtained,  and  sanctioned  by  the  gene^id  opin- 
ion and  practieej  of  the  nations  of  Europcj  ancient  and 
i^fidern. 

)JVli  vyhich  is  respectfully  submitted. 

(Signed)  JAS.  MONSOE. 


Department  qf  StateyJ/iril  14,  1814. 


••ft» 


Cofiy  of  a  letter  from  Commcdore  Rodger  s  to  the  Secretary 

of  the  Navy-j  dated 
U.S.  frigate  President,  Boston,  Jan.  14,  1812. 

SiR' — Herewith  you  will  receive  two  muster-books  of  his 
B.  M.  vessels  Moselle  and  Sappho,  found  on  board  of  the 
British  packet  i3«wallow.  As  the  British  have  always  de« 
nied  that  they  detsnn^d  on  board  their  ships  of  war»  Amer- 
ican citizens,  knowing  hem  to  be  such,  I  send  you  the  en« 
closed  as  a  publlck  ^»cument  of  their  own,  to  prove  how 
illy  such  an  assertion  accords  with  their  practice.  It  will 
appear  by  these  two  muster-books,  that  so  Jate  as  Augui^ 
last,  about  one  eighth  pait  of  the  Moselle  and  S&pphQ*& 
crews  were  Americans  \  Consequently  if  there  is  on!y  a 
quarter  part  of  the  proportion  on  board  their  other  vessels, 
they  have  an  infinitely  greater  number  of  Americans  in 
their  service,  than  any  American  has  yet  had  ^  idea  of.—.. 
Any  further  comment  of  mine  on  this  subject,  I  consider 
unnecessary,  as  the  enclosed  documents  speak  but  too 
plainly  for  themselves, 

I  have  the  honour,  &c. 

JOHN  RODGERS. 

Hon,  Paul  Hamtltouy  secretary  of  the  navy. 

Copy  of  a  letter  from  Commodore  Decatur^  to  the  Secreta* 

ry  of  the  Mivy,  dated 

U.  S.  ship  United  States,      7 
New-London,  March,  18,  1814.         y 
Stm-— I  have  thp  honour  to  forward  to  you  enclosed*  a 
despatch  received  by  me  from  captain  Capel,  the  coni- 

-^   _^j;_-     ^tl^^^   -^'U-    t2--*^--*-     -  — ~J-~~     i«<t&»-^     ^USs     ^kOrti 


^t: 


OE. 


cretary 

812. 
s  of  his 

of  the 
lys  de« 
Amer- 
the  en- 
re  how 

It  wHI 

AugUb 

eippho'b 

on!y  a 
vessels, 
can^  in 
ea  of.— . 
onsider 
but  too 


iRS. 


Secreta* 


I 


THE  ENEMY.  ,J, 

Rtten  in  reply  to  an  anticipation  of  mine,  for  the  releaae 
.he^Sratir™"''  "'''"'^'  "«"-">"  -..ronS 
Hiram  Thayer,  born  in  the  town  of  Greenwich  ?n  thp. 

s:tt"';:Ii^r'''''r'  ''"f  "■"•""nweaUr^rMaCc  '„! 
A,..^' i.n,  P^f"''. ""°  "'^  "'"'*'  »«■•""  of G-  Britain  in 
Aug.  U03,  and  detained  ever  since.     About  six  vears  Lo 

when  the  Statira  was  put  in  commission,  he  "as'^  trlnsfcr! 
red  to  her,  and  has  been  constantly  on  board  her  ?o  thi"  day 
SllrZyh^"^'  """  '"  *"•-'  •'  wa« -stated  by  captaTn" 
thefW*?h  ,'.'"•■'"'"'  Hamilton,  who  x.as  charge^v^  U 
don  ma'dll  u  "•"  ^"""'■'"  ^^y""'"'""'-  consul  at  Lon- 
d°^hTrlof^^h     "™u'''*^'°'"'''  """""issioners  forth. 

e^deShls'^rt^S'''"'^  ""'"""  "'^''^'  "'"^'"^ 

cerlJficaJ^tet'/?""^?''^'"'"™'"'"^'  ^hat  the 
certihcateofthe  selectmen,  the  town  clerk,  and  the  min- 

MkcLu  ^h'?'"^'"'  were  forwarded  sometime  ago  to  Mr. 
^H.  ftl'  "',\"s«'«n'  agent  of  American  prisoner  of  war 
'Leased  "t'h'e^!'°"  "''»''«°«' '"e  reason  ^hyhe   was  Tt 

th,T^tl°"'"'^  ""■'"*" '°  •'''  '''*''«••'  »"''  informed  him, 
IAZh'-'P-""""'^  to  captain  Stackpole,  thatbewTj 
an  America,  cuuen  and  would  not  fi,?ht  against  his  cZn 
try,  that  captain  Stackpole  told  him  4f  theffe  in  wi'h  a  " 
American  man  of  war,  and  hedidnot  do  his  duty  heshtiH 
be  tied  to  the  mast  and  shot  at  like  =  dop-  "        ^'  "'^ 

■On  Monday  the  14th  inst.  John  Tbwver  reouested  «,.»„ 

fe' ::  f  Ms' t'  '°ir^ '°  ""=  --y.  -ciXrAir ; ! 

noTe  to  ra  «  Tn  r  ^"'  ^  ?™'"^''  ^'  °""'  »""  addressed  a 
note  to  caiHain  Capel,  stating  that  1  felt  persuaded  that  fh^ 

applicauon  of  the  lather,  furnished  as  he 'was  with  conclu- 
sive evidence  of  the  nativity  and  identity  of  his  son  To,  M 
induce  an  immediate  order  for  his  discharge      The  r^p  y 

bo«  tdtld  I"  V'","^^"'^''  "'^  '''^"  «'  »  distance  iS  I 
boat,  and  told  the  first  lieutenant  of  the  Statira  that  it  w». 

his  father,  and  I  understand  the  feeling,  man'fe  ted  bvThe 

Ola  man  on  receiving  the  hand  of  his  son,  pr^^^^d  beyond 

nota  doubtleft  on  fhemin^  «»■„    .:.„>.   r,  -.  .  ^"f  "was 

..        ._^  ^  =iii5;v  uriiisii  oiucer  of 


183 


BARBARITIES  OF 


Hiram  Thayer's  being  an  American  citizen — and  yet  he% 
detained,  not  as  a  prisoner  of  war,  but  compelled,  under  th#fc- 
most  cruel  threats,  to  serve  the  enemies  of  his  country. 

Thayer  has  so  recommended  himfielt'by  his  sobriety,  in- 
dustry and  seamanship,  as  to  be  appointed  a  boatswain's 
mate,  and  is  now  serving  in  that  capacity  in  the  Staiira— 
and  he  says  there  is  due  to  him  from  the  British  govern- 
ment about  two  hundred  and  Bfty  pounds  sterling.  He  has 
also  assured  his  father  that  he  has  always  refused  to  receive 
any  bounty  or  advance,  lest  it  might  afford  some  pretext 
for  denying  him  his  discharge  whenever  a  proper  applica- 
tion should  be  made  for  it.  * 

1  am,  sir,  with  the  highest  consideration,  your  most  ob.«- 
diient  servapt. 

STEPHEN  DECATUR. 

'Cafitain  CafieVs  letter  enclosed, 

H.  M.  ship  La  Hogue,  off  New- London,   "> 

March  U,  1314.  5 
SjR — I  have  the  honour, to  acknowledge  the  receipt  of 
your  letter,  together  with  the  certificates  of  exchange  and 
discharge  from  parole,  forwarded  to, you  at  the  request  of 
c9lonel  Barclay,  the  commissary  general  of  British  prison- 
ers of  war  ;  and  \  beg  to  return  ypu  thanks  for  y^ur  polite 
attention. 

I  regret  that  it  is  not  in  my  power  to  comsply  with  your 
request  in  ordering  the  son  of  John  Thayer  to  be  discharge 
ed  from  his  majesty's  ship  Statira  ;  but  I  will  forward  your 
application  to  the  commander  in  chief  by  the  earliest  op- 
portunity, and  I  have  no  doubt  he  will  order  his  immediate 
■discharge. 

lam,  sir,  with  great  consideration  and  respect,  your 
most  obedient  and  very  humble  servant, 

THOS.  CAPEL,    Cafitam^ 
Commanding  his  British  Majesty*^  squadron^ 

Off  jYewLondon, 

To  Com.  Decatur f  commanding  the 
.[/»  S  squadron^  JYewLondcn, 


THE  ENEMV. 


^^3 


'^^^ga. 


tf!. 


Mr.  Mitchell  to  Mmiral  Warren. 
«!.»     c:„      .1        ...        .  December  I,  1813. 

Teen  in  hU  R  •?  "^  """^^  "'^"•'•'  Americans  wbo  had 
been  in  his  Britannick  majesty's  service.  Others  who  are 
now  on  board  of  the  Centurion  and  Stalira,  have  reZu^-^ed 

Besides  ,f«intr  ^"'.-'""^  ',"'^'"'  "^  ""'  United  Stales— 
»ame^  '"<=losed  lists,  I  am  told  there  are  others  whos» 
»ame3*I  have  not.     I  have  the  hon.  ur  lo  be,  &c. 


♦■ 


.F 


Mmiral  V/arren't  aniwer  Id  Mr.  Mlchell.' 

<?VV'"iV'"l    ,.  December  1,  1812.  - 

Sfli— 1  have  the  honour  to  acknowlcdi-e  the  receiot  of 

lZTZ'^I:T.'''''''''''^r'"^^'^"'^  --  thereinn. 

sald  to  b?.iHt  1     rTn'J^^  ""f"  ""''«='•  ">y  command, 
said  to  be  citizens  of  the  UniicdSt^ites,  and  in  repiv,  be-  to 

acquaint  you  that  whenever  Ihuvc  received  rep,. sent.tl'ns 

f.^m  thecaptansofany  partoftbei.  crews  be  nRcUh  n 

ot  America,  with  sufficient  proof  of  their  nativity,  Ibae 

toXthlt^'-"  ?'^^'=  '^°'"  '"""""■     I  "-t  obser  : 
)^J°^    <•       """'"  P*'""'  ">«  interference  of  any   annli- 

through  theu-  commanding  officers— and  in'  vour  len.  t 
ment  of  prisoners  of  war  1  shall  at  all  ties  be  mo  t  h  „ 
py  to  receive  your  commuin^ons.  l  have  Uie  honour  ^'c! 

Mr.  MUchdl  to  ykhniral  Uarrcn. 
c  Yi     T  Dcceruber  3,  lsii2 

d«,.H  ,7  ,     • '''""'f ">' "'^  ''""°"'-  ^°  'ecuve  your  le'ler 

dated  the  1st  inst.  andcbserve  that  you  c >ot  ,IZ,,Z 

mererence  of  any  appiic.tion  from   men  on   b^.a  Ik 
Bmish  majesty's  ships,  but  through  their  commandinVof 
ll,t  ;,   "f™"'  of  conforming  as  far  as  i.ossib  e  to  "^..^f" 
excellenfv,  if  brvouMette^l  Im  ,         l'  '"  ""l"i'«°f  >°'»^ 
not  to  receive  th7T  pS„ Ltf     am  r^c' !  ,  In"  th  ^"^ 

If thisis"the'm;;aningri  ^^"ZTl'^^  '^'  '°  J'"'^- 
though,  regret  the  relullti-r  TZ:^tl:^" 


184 


BARBARITIES  OF 


Jdwiral  Warren  to  Mr.  Mitchell, 

December  4,  1812. 
Rlii— Tn  reply  to  your  letter  dated  yesterday,  1  have  to 
acquaint  you  that  whenever  my  addresw  is  made  relaiive  to 
men  on  board  his  majesty's  ships,  it  must  be  liy  the  rom- 
manders  of  such  shipa  direct.  I  cannot  permit  any  appli- 
cation by  other  persona  in  time  of  war  but  in  the  al)ove 
mode.  It  will  always  afford  me  pleasure  to  attend  to  your 
wibhcs  in  any  respect  relative  to  the  situation  or  exchange 
of  prisoners,  or  to  afford  any  aid  or  relici  in  my  power. 
1  have  the  honour  to  be,  &c. 

JOHN  BORLASE  WARftEJiT. 

,     ^  '"■  ^ 

THE  CONDUCT  OF  WASHINGTON,  &e. 


JExfract  q/  a  letter  from  Thomaa  Jrfferson,  E<iq.  secretary 
q/'statCi  under  the  direction  oj' George  IVashington^  fires- 
ident  of  the  United  States^  to  1  homaa  Pinckney^  minister 
fdeni/icteniiary  of  the  United  States  at  Lo?idon,  dated 

"  Department  of  Stated—July  1 1,  1792# 
**  THE  peculiar  custom  in  England  of  impressing  sea- 
men on  every  ap])earancc  of  war,  will  occasionally  expose 
our  seamen  to  peculiar  oppressions  and  vexations.  It  will 
be  expedient  that  you  take  proper  opportunities,  in  the 
mean  lime,  of  conferring  with  the  minister  on  this  ••ab- 
ject, in  order  to  form  some  arrangement  for  the  p»'oiecticn 
of  our  seamen  on  those  occasion  5.  We  finti'cly  reject  the 
mode  which  was  the  subject  of  the  subject  of  a  conversa- 
tion between  Mr.  Morris  and  him,  which  was  that  our  sea- 
men should  always  carry  about  them  certificates  of  their 
citizenship  :  This  is  a  condition  never  yet  submicted  to  by 
any  nation  ;  one  with  which  seamen  would  never  have  the 
caution  to  comply  :  the  casualties  of  their  calling  would 
expose  them  to  the  constant  destruction  or  loss  of  this  pa- 
per evidence,  and  thus  the  British  government  would  be 

nm-v-Korl  \»rW!-i  Ifltfnl  niithnvitu  \r\  imnrp«»«i  thft  whr»l*»  nf  mil*  (;i^a«i 


-( 


THE  ENEMY.  igs 

.giicn.     T'  e  simplest  rule  will  be,  that  the  vessel  bcine  A- 

I'esuch'  t'm"  '"'■'"?'  ":",  ""=  »""■""  °»  board^er 
aiesuth.  Uthey  apprehend  that  oui- vessels  mieht  thus 
beco.ne  u .sylums  for  the  fi-sUives  of  their  own  nation  from 
impr,,  gang,  the  number  of  men  to  be  protected  by  a 
cers  « n'"^."  ^'  "'"."«", ''y  he  r  tonnaRo,  ami  one  or  two  ofR- 
!lf„  7  Pefraitted  to  enter  the  vessel  .„  order  to  ex- 
atiime  the  number  on  bo  .  d  ;  but  no  press  Ran-  should  be 

tj^n^r  '°.'''?  °"'^°'"d''n  AmerLn  viselAm  after 
It  bUall  be  found  that  there  are  more  than  their  stipulated 

hSn  ?„ .,     "  ""^  sipernutneraries  (to   be  named  by 
himself)  to  the  press  officer  who  has  come  on  board,   for 

called'^n''°'L'  "",''  *'""  """'  ""'  American  consul  shMlbe 
called  in.     In  order  to  urge  a  settlement  of  this  point  be- 
'ore  a  new  occasion  msivsi        i»  m.,,  „».  u         ■  '        , 
their  at   ■ntin.n  ,„ T  ^^    ■'     '■      ^^  "°'  ^  *"'"*  '°  draw 
Wieirat  -  ntion  to  the /5f ca.'wr  »-nVa/w,,  ej;d'cdon  the  last 

Zh:!  Za'  "^-"i' "/--•''-^  our  n^akins  immU^fe 
re/irimhon.  fheir  seamen  here.  You  will  be  so  Rood  as  ta 
communicate  to,  me  what  s*,all  pass  on  this  subiect,  and  it 

S  t^ro^  Z::^'  °^  ^"°^-''"-''  -  ■><=  entered  i„tnC 


Mxtract  of  a  letter  from  Thomas  Jefferson,  Msq.  ,„nen  sec- 
retary of  state,  undir  the  direction  of  George  wZunl- 
ton,  president  of  the  United  States,  to  Thomas  HnknL 

7^zj:^7:'i^zy ""'"""' '""'-'"  ^-*"' 

«'  I  enclose  ymi  a  copy  of  a  letter  from  Messrs.  Blow  & 
Melhaddo,  merchants  of  Virginia,  complaining  of  the  ta^ 
mg  away  of  their  sailors,  on  the  coast  of  Africa,  by  the 
sommander  of  a  British  amed  vesseh     So  many  instances 
of  this  kind  have  ha)n>ened,  that  it  is  quite  necessa™-  "hal 
ttieir  g''vernment  should  explain  themselves  on.  the  sub- 
ject,  and  be  led  to  disavow  and  punish  such  conduct      I 
leave  to  your  discretion  to  endeavour  to  obtain  this  satis- 
faction^ by  such  fnendly  discussions  as  may  be  most  likeT, 
o  produce  the  desired  effect,  and  secure  to  our  commerce 
that  protection  against  Baitish  violence  which  it  has  never 
«.=-.i^,.=,ii;«ui™iii  any  other  nation.     No  law  forbids  the 


IMAGE  EVALUATION 
TEST  TARGET  (MT-3) 


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HiotogTdphic 

Sciences 

Corporation 


23  WEST  MAIN  STREET 

WEBSTER,  N.Y.  14580 

(716)  872-4503 


l/.l 


186 


MUBARITIES  OF 


seamen  of  any  conntry  to  engage,  in  time  of  peace, 
board  a  foreign  vessel  ;  no  law  authorises  such  seamen  te 
break  his  coniract,  nor  the  armed  vessels  of  his  nation  to 
interpose  force  for  his  rescue."* 

•  Such  were  the  fentiments  of  the  fathv  of  his  cooutry,  G gorge 
WA«Hir)GTON,  when  he  was  prefident  of  the  United  Slates,  concerning 
one  of  the  fubjeft*  now  in  difpute  between  America  and  Great  Britain. 
It  fecms  that  he  even  dcnitd  the  right  of  England,  to  imprefs  Britift  Juh. 
je^s,  and  demanded  that  the  men  who  had  done  it,  fcouid  be  punilhcd. 

Jfr.  Pickerings  secretary  of  state,  vnder  the  direction  ^' 
fireddent  Washington,  to  Mr,  King,  dated 

*' Department  of  State,  Sept.  iO,  17^6. 
♦«  I  enclose  a  letter  from  Francis  S.  Taylor,  deputy  col- 
lector, of  Norfolk,  relative  to  fvur  impressed  seamen.     It 
appears,  to  be  written  with  candour,  and  merits   attention. 
If,  as  the  captain  of  the  Prevoyante  (Wemyss)   says,  the 
dignity  of  the  British  government  will  not  permit  an   en- 
*quiry  on  board  their  ships   for  American  seamen,  their 
doom  is  fixed  for  the  war  :  and  thus  the  rights  of  an  inde- 
t)endent  neutral  nation  are  to  be  sacrificed  to  British  dig* 
nUy  I  Justice  requires  that  such  inquiries  and  examina- 
tions should  be  made,  bt  cause  the  liberation  of  our  seaman 
'Will  otherwise  be  impossible.  For  the  British  government 
then,  io  make  professions  of  respect  to  the  rights  of  our 
citizens,  and  willingness  to  release  them,  and  yet  deny  the 
only  meansof  ascertaining  those  rights,  is  an  insulung  tan- 
talism.  If  such  orders  have  been  given  to  the  British  com- 
manders (and  Mr.  Litson's  communication,  in  the  conver- 
action  of  which  1  sent  you  a  copy  in  ray  letter  of  tbe  3Ut 
nit.  countenances  the  idea)  the  agency  of  colonel  Talbot 
*nd  Mr.  Trumbull  will  ba  fruitless,  and   the  sooner  we 
Jtnow  it  the  better.*     But  I  would  fain  hope  other  things  ; 
iindif  the  British  governn^nt  have  any  regard  to  our 
rights,.anyresjiect  for  our  nation,  and  place,  any  value  on 

•  Bv  this  and  other  parts  of  the  chrrefpondcncr,  it  would  fcem,  that 
Mr.  Pickering,  tod  al(o  prefident  Wafeington,  under  whofc  fpecial  di- 
fcAtion  this  letter  wj««  written,  were  both  of  the  ©pjnion,  that  a  war 
ought  to,  and  piooably  would  take  piaee  kctwcm/ne  iwd  counsrivs,,  ug- 
tn  tke  [ubjc^  o£  im prcUmcnt. 


wmm 


THE  ENEMY. 


wm 


int 


mr  friendshipf  they  will  even  facilitate  to  us  the  means  of 
relieving  our  oppressed  citizens.  The  subject  of  our  im- 
pressed seamen  makes  a  part  of  your  instructions  ;  but  the 
president  now  renews  hi»  desire  that  their  relief  may  en- 
gage your  special  attention.     I  am,  sir,  &c. 

(Signed)  TIMOTHY  PlCKERINa. 

Rufus  Kinsi  Esq.  l^v.  isft. 

Extract  of  a  letter  from  Mr.  Pickeringy  under  tht   dlrec^- 
lion  of  presithnt  Waahigton,  to  Mr,  King^  dated 
4  "  bepaptment  of  State,  October  26,  1796. 

"  I  think  it  is  mentioned  in  your  instructions  that  the 
British  naval  ofltcers  often  mipress  Swedes,  Danes  and  oih- 
er  foreigners,  from  the  vessels  oflhe  United  States  :  They 
have  even  »fiTn€time<a  imfiressed  Frenchmen^  If.ther'^  should 
be  time  to  make  out  a  copy  of  a  protest  lately:  received,  it 
shall  be  enclosed,  describing  the  impress  of  a  Dane,  and  a 
I'ortugufise*  This  surely  is  an  abuse  easy  to  correcta— 
They  cannot  pretend  an  inability  to.  distinguish  these  for- 
©igners  from  their  own  subjects  ;  and  they  may  with  as 
much  reason  rob  American  vessels  of  the  property  or  mer- 
chandize of  Swedes,  Danes  and  Portuguese,  as  seize  and 
detain  in  their  service  the  subjects  of  those  nations  found 
on  board  American  vessels.  The  president  is  extremely 
anxious  to  have  this  business  of  impresses  placed  on  a  rea- 
sonable footing.** 

Mxiract  of  a  letter  ffom  Mr^  Pickerings  secretary  qf  state  ^ 
uxid^r  the  direction  of  firesidcnt  Jdamsy  to  Siias  Talbdi^ 
£sg*  dated 

«  Department  o^State,  August  15, 179^. 
"I  was  pleasetl  with  your  success  in  obtaining  relief  for 
so  many  American  seamen,  as  mentioived  in  your  several 
letters:  but  your  last,  containing  the  orders  of  Admiral 
Parker  to  hi»  captains  no  longer  to  obey  the  writs  of  habeas 
cor/ius,  gave  me  much  uneasiness.  Yfesterday  I  gave  those 
Utters  to  the  British  minister  Mr.  Liston  ;  and  wish  he 
may  do  something  to  aftbrd  you  a  prospect  of  further  suc- 
r.ess  :   but  I  fear.  no4:wiihst9Tir1inar  hf>  i«  rt«>ffor>tltr  i»a1I    Aim 

posed  to  admkiitcr  relief,  that  his  remonstrancts  or  re 


188 


BARBARITIES  OF 


quests  will  have  loo  little  effect.  I  shall  transmit  copica%» 
these  letters  to  Mr.  King,  our  minister  in  London,  to  lay 
bfcfore  the  British  ministry.  If  any  naval  officers  shatt 
have  committed  such  an  outrage  on  any  American  seaman 
as  to  bring  chem  to  the  gangway^  as  you  mention,  or  to  in- 
flict any  kmd  of  punishment  on  them,  especially  for  seeking 
opportunities  to  inform  you  of  their  situation,  for  the  pur- 
pose  of  obtaining  the  just  relief  to  which  they  are  entitled, 
pray  endeavour  to  get  proper  proofs  of  the  fact,  thdt  I  may 
make  it  the  subject  of  a  special  representation  to  the  Brit- 
ish government."  i 

Extract  of  a  letter  to  Rufus  King,  esgmre,/rom  the  secre^ 

tary  of  State,  date&~^ 

"  Trenton,  October  3,  irsr. 
Lord  Grenvilie  s  observations  on  the  act  of  Congress^ 
for  the  relief  and  protection  of  Amcricaa  seamen,  present 
difficulties  which  demand  consideration  at  the  ensuing 
session.  But  your  reasoning,  in  your  letter  to  his  lordship 
of  the  30th  of  last  November,  is  conclusive  against  the 
British  pretences  to  retaiu  real  American  seamen  who  are 
married  in  their  dominions,  or  who  have  voluntarily  en- 
tered on  board  British  vessels.  It  behoves  the  honour  and- 
fdiih  of  the  British  government  to  adhere  to  their  princi- 
ple on  natural  allegiance  wholly,  or  to  renounce  it  wholly  : 
and  an  answer  on  this  point  would  have  become  his  lord- 
ship's candor. 

*'  I  consider  colonel  Talbot's  agency  in  the  West  Indies 
to  be  no  longer  very  imporunt.  The  rigid  conduct  of  ad* 
miral  sir  Hyde  Parker,  (who  from  thebegmning  hasthrowR 
obstacles  in  the  way)  leaves  but  little  room  to  get  our  sea- 
men released.  TheoppositioB  of  the  officers  in  general, 
iRduced  colonel  Talbot  to  take  out  writs  of  habeas  corpus 
at  Jamaica,  by  which,  directly,  or  in  their  consequences, 
he  ©btained  the  discharge  of  neai  fifty  seamen  ;  but  admi- 
ral Parker  has  some  time  past  forbidden  his  officers  to  pay 
any  obedience  to  such  writs  ;  and  cok  Talbot  informs  me 
that  some  of  our  seamen  have  beeR  punished  for  attempt- 
ing to  send  letters  to  him  to  inform  of  their  situation 

Mr*  Liston  has  ass«red  me  that  the  British  officers  have 


THE  ENEMY. 


IB9 

.#ders  not  to  impress  any  American  seamen,  and  of  course 
not  to  retain  against  their  will  any  already  impressed  ;  but 
It  they  persist  m  obstructing  every  channel  of  information 
and  pi-oof  of  then-  citizenship,  such  orders  ar-  and  will 
conurj ire  deceptive."         /  J 


7^7  Secretary    of  Siaie  to  the  Preddent  of  the    United 
A/are-s-^DEPARTMENT  OF  State,  Feiruavy  ^20,  1000. 

The  secretary  has  the  honour  to  lay  before  th«  Presi- 
dent—  ' 

Mr.  Lislon's  note  of  the  4th  February,  together  with  his 
project  of  a  treaty  for  the  reciprocal  delivery  of  deserters  ; 
which  appears  to  ihe  secretary  utterly  inadmissible,  unless 
it  would  an  end  to  impressments,  which  Mr.  Liston  seem- 
ed  to  ^imagine,  wnile  the  7th  paragraph  of  his  project  ex- 
pressly recogtiizes  the  rio^ht  of  impressing  British  sub- 
jects,  and  consequently  Arnerican  citizens,  as  at  present, 
(Signed)  TIMOTHY  PICKERING.* 

f»A«?^  '^'ij  "'  Z^'i^^-  ^**"  '^'*  "^  *™«y  ^»'^  ^ngUnd^  would  be  latis- 
faftorytoMr    Pickcnng    ^^  unttfs  it  would  put  an  cndto  imprcJTments.**^ 

tnXt^^C}'''ST'''''^:•T7''^''''^''^  ofatrealy"  with  i bat  nitioa 
ought  to  be  rcjiaa^vfhich  did  i:  .t  wj&.^/j/y.ftipulato  againa,  and  "  pu^, 
•a  end  to  imprefTjaents.**  .   ^  •      r  6        .  r-' 


Extract  of  a  letter  from  John  Marshall,  esquire^*  Seereta- 
ry  of  State,  to  Rufus  King,  MMster  Plenipotentiary  of 
the  United  States  at  London,  dated 

^    "  I^EPARTMENT  OF  State, -S(?M  20,  1800. 

"The  impressment ofour  seamen  is  an  injury  of  very 
serious  magnitude,  which  deeply  aifects  the  feelings  and 
the  honour  of  the  nation. 

"  This  valuable  class  of  men  is  cGm^posed  of  natives  and 
foreigners  who  engage  voluntarily  in  our  service. 

"  No  right  has  been  asserted  to  impress  the  natives  of 

♦  Now  Chief  Juftice  of  the  Suoreme  Court  nf  the  iTnif*^  «♦,»« 


Ido 


BARBARITIES  OF 


America;  Vet  they  are  dragged  on  bo^d  British  ships^ 
war,  with  the  evidence  of  citizenship  in  their  hands,  and 
forced  by  violence  there  to  service,  until  conclusive  tfrsti- 
momals  of  their  birth  can  be  obtained.  These  must  moat 
genctally  be  sought  for  on  this  side  the  Atlantic.  In  the 
mean  time  acknowledged  violence  is  practised  ona  fre^^ 
citizbn  of  the  United  States,  by  compelling  him  to  engager 
and  to  continue  in  foreign  service.  Although  the  lord?  of 
the  Admiralty  uniformly  direct  their  charge  on  the  pro- 
duction of  this  testimony,  yet  many  must  perish  unreJiey. 
ed,  and  all  are  detained  a  considerable  time  in  lawless  andi 
injurious  confinement. 

"  It  is  the  duty  as  well  as  the  rigHt;  ofa  friendly  nation, 
to  require  that  measures  be  taken  by  the  British  govern- . 
ment  to  prevent  the  continued  repetition  ofuuch  violence 
by  it-j  agents;     This  can  only  be  dono  by  punishing  and- 
frowning  on  those  who  perpetrate  it.     The  Liere  release 
of  the  injured,  after  a  long  co'ir&e  of  service  and  of  suff^r-^ 
ing,is  !io  compensation  for  the  past,  and  no  security  fop' 
tlie  future.     Itis  impossible  not  to  believe  j  that  the  deci-  j 
sive  interference  of  the  gpvernmeat  in  this  respect,  would  ^ 
prevent  a  practice,  the  continuance  of  which  must  inevita- 
bly produce  discord  between  two  nations  which  ougbt  to 
he  the  fricnds.of  each  othar. 

**  Those  seamen  who,  born  in  a  foreign  conntry,  have 
been  adopted  by  this,  were  e  her  the  subjects  of  Britain  or 
some  other  power. 

"  The  right  to  impress  those  who  were  British  subjects 
has  been  asserted,  and  the  right  to  impress  those  of  every 
cthernation  has  not  been  disclaimed. 

"  J\ either  the  one  firacticenor  the  other  can  bs  justifi'edi 

«  With  the  naturalization  of  foreigners,  no  other  nation 
can  interfere  further  than  the  rights  of  that  other  are  af- 
fected. The  rights  of  Britain  are  certainly  not  affected  by 
the  naturalization  of  other  than  British  subjects.  Conse- 
uuently  those  persons  who,  according  to  our  laws,  are  cit- 
zens,  must  be  so  consisdered  by  Britain,  and  by  every  oth-^ 
er  power  not  having  a  conflicting  claim  te  the  person. 

**  The  United  States  therefore  require  posirivelir-  that 
their  seamen,  ^\\o  are  not  British  subjects;  whether' bom 


m^ 


m 


■■&:^P§mK> 


■td??^:... 


THE  ENEMY. 


191 


|l\merica  or  elsewhere,  shall  be  exempt  from  imprcsa- 

j-""  The  case  of  British  subjects,  whether  naturalked  or 
^™u'"/''*^^"V°P*"««  but  the  right  even  to  impress 
Aem  IS  denied.  The  pracUcaof  the  British  govemment 
,!!«!'  ™»y,f««'«»lyi'>  a  controveray,  with  that  govem. 

^  n^  ;hf .  K*''  ""J-.  ""  Pl^'ee*"  it  cames  apd  exercis- 
~  ought  toAe  ceded  to  «thers.    To  deny  this  would  be  to 

deny  the  equality  of naUons,. and  to. makeit a  quesUonof 
power  and  not  of  right. 

.j"i^i*'*  P™<=ti?e°f  the  British  govemment  may  be  quot- 
ed,  that  pracuce  IS  to  maintain  and  defend  in  their  sea  ser- 
vace,  all  those,  of  any  nation,  who  have  voluntarily  engaped 
objects         *"=°'^^°8  to  their  laws,  have  become  Britisil,, 

r»!^J^^.  '**™"'"'  ""^  ^"'^^  subjects,  engaged  in  our 
merchant  service,  ought  to  be  equallyexemprwithaUzens 
from  impressments  :  we  have  a  right  to  en«ige  them,  and 
tave  a  right  to  and  an  interest  in,their  persJTsto  the  e^nt 

^Itlf  7' •\~""'?':''*  *"  ^  performed.  Britain  has  no 
pretext  of  right  to  their  persi^s  or  to  their  service.    To 

tear  them,  then,_fK,m  our  possession,  is  at  the  same  Ume 
w.  insult  and  an  injury.  It  is  an  act  of  violence,  for  whkh 
there  exists  no  jialiative. 

tw3n,.^"°1  *^"- """  '^^  daficulty  of  distinguishing  be- 
tween  nauve  American  and  British  subjects  hai  been  us  ^d. 

nl'at„IS?f  "I?"""?'' "'  ""i  ^^^°^  '"^  -he  "Juri"  com- 
plained of.    It  ,s  not  pretended  that  this  apology  can  be 

wtendedto  the  case  of  foreigners,  and  eveVwUh  repect 
to  natives  wedoubt  the  existence  <rf  the  difficulty  alled^d. 
We  know  well  that  among  that  diss  of  people  who^^ 
seanien,  we  can  readily  disUnguish  between  a  native  a! 
merican  and  a  person  raised  to  manhood  in  Great  Brit  ia 
or  Ireland-  and  we  do  not  perceive  any  reason  why  tae 
capacity  of  makwg  this  distincUon  should  not  be  posissed 

the  »ame  degree  by  one  naUcn  as  by  the  other, 
-ff    .  '  '^"^'o™'  "".regulation  can  be  formed  which  shall 

r^^Ti/  "'T''  '^"  ?^*™*''  "^  •»»"»  American  mer- 
chamnien^  we  have  a  right  to  expect  from  the  jusUce  rf 
««.  ..rwsu  government,  from  its  regard  for  the  friendship 


mmmmmmm 


ltd 


BAKBARrnES  OF 


m:  - 


of  the  United  States  and  ita^own  honour,  that  it  will  ma^M^ 
fest  the  sincerity  of  its  wishes  to  repress  this  offence,  bj 
-pvLmshmf;  those  who  com.*nit  it. 

"  Wc  hope>  however,  that  an  agreement  may  be  enter- 
ed into  satisfactory  and  beneficial  to  both  parties*  The 
article  which  appears  to  ha?e  been  transmitted  by  mv  pre- 
decessor, while  it  satisfies  thi|  country,  will  probably  re- 
store to  the  naval  service  of  Britain  a  greater  number  oi 
seamen  than  will  be  lost  by  it.  Should  we  even  be  mis- 
taken in  this  calculation,  yet  the  difference  cannot  be  put. 
in  competition  with  the  mischief  which  may  result  from 
the  irritation  justly  excited,  by  this  practice  throughout  the 
United  States.  The  extent  and  the  justness  of  the  resent- 
ments it  produces,  may  be  estimated  in  Britain,  by  inquir- 
ing what  impressions  would  be  made  on  them  by  similar- 
conduct  on  the  part  of  this  government. 

**  Should  we  impress  from  the  merchant  service  of 
Britain,  not  only  Americans  but  foreigners,  and  even  Brit 
ish  subjects,  how  long  would  such  v  course  of  injury  unrc 
dressed  be  permitted  to  pass  unrevenged  ?  Ifow  lon^ 
would  the  gov^emnient  be  content  with  unsuccessful  re> 
monstrance  and  unavailing  memorials  ?  I  believe,  sir,  tha^ 
only  the  most  prompt  correction  of,  compensation  for,  the 
abuse,  would  be  admitted  as  satisfaction  in  such  a  case. 

«  If  the  principles  of  this  government  forbid  it  to  retali- 
ate by  imp'^essments,  there  is  yet  another  mode  which 
might  be  resorted  to.  We  might  authorise  our  ships  of 
war,  though  not  to  impress,  yet  to  recruit  sailors  on  board 
British  merclmntmen.  Such  are  the  inducements  to  en- 
ter into  our  naval  service  that  wc  believe  even  this  prac- 
tice would  very  serimisly  aff'ict  the  navigation  of  Britain. 
How,  sir*  would  it  be  received  by  the  British  nation  I 

«  Is  it  not  ^orc  advisable  to  desist  from,  and  to  take  ef- 
fectual measures  to  prevent,  an  acknowledged  wrong, 
than  by  peisevcrence  in  that  wrong,  to  excite  against  them* 
selves  the  well  founded  resentmentt  of  America^  and  force 
our  government  into  measure*  which  may  very  fiossibly  ter« 
mnu(€  in  an  ofien  rupture" 


pp..  ,iJ,.iiiii  niwi 


ice,  bf* 

enter- 
•  The 
nv  pre- 
bly  rc- 
Fiber  oi 
}e  mitt- 
be  put. 
It  from 
out  the 
resent- 
inquir- 
simtlar' 

vice  of 
en  Brit 
•y  unrc 
iw  lon^ 
sful  re- 
sir,  thav 
for,  the 
ase. 

o  retali- 
;  \?hich 
ships  of 
3n  board 
s  to  en- 
is  prac- 
Britain* 

:ake  ef- 
wrong, 
St  them" 
id  Jorce 
ibly  (er« 


m 


% 


■1, 
-J 

-8 
'  -i. 


i^ii:':  ,,vv 


■*■■ 


